| 1. |
- Evengård, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Climate change and water security with a focus on the Arctic
- 2011
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Ingår i: Global Health Action. - Järfälla : CoAction Publishing. - 1654-9716 .- 1654-9880. ; 4, s. 8449-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Water is of fundamental importance for human life; access to water of good quality is of vital concern for mankind. Currently however, the situation is under severe pressure due to several stressors that have a clear impact on access to water. In the Arctic, climate change is having an impact on water availability by melting glaciers, decreasing seasonal rates of precipitation, increasing evapotranspiration, and drying lakes and rivers existing in permafrost grounds. Water quality is also being impacted as manmade pollutants stored in the environment are released, lowland areas are flooded with salty ocean water during storms, turbidity from permafrost-driven thaw and erosion is increased, and the growth or emergence of natural pollutants are increased. By 2030 it is estimated that the world will need to produce 50% more food and energy which means a continuous increase in demand for water. Decisionmakers will have to very clearly include life quality aspects of future generations in the work as impact of ongoing changes will be noticeable, in many cases, in the future. This article will focus on effects of climate-change on water security with an Arctic perspective giving some examples from different countries how arising problems are being addressed.
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| 2. |
- Parkinson, Alan J., et al.
(författare)
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Climate change and infectious diseases in the Arctic : Establishment of a circumpolar working group
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Circumpolar Health. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1239-9736 .- 2242-3982. ; 73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Arctic, even more so than other parts of the world, has warmed substantially over the past few decades. Temperature and humidity influence the rate of development, survival and reproduction of pathogens and thus the incidence and prevalence of many infectious diseases. Higher temperatures may also allow infected host species to survive winters in larger numbers, increase the population size and expand their habitat range. The impact of these changes on human disease in the Arctic has not been fully evaluated. There is concern that climate change may shift the geographic and temporal distribution of a range of infectious diseases. Many infectious diseases are climate sensitive, where their emergence in a region is dependent on climate-related ecological changes. Most are zoonotic diseases, and can be spread between humans and animals by arthropod vectors, water, soil, wild or domestic animals. Potentially climate-sensitive zoonotic pathogens of circumpolar concern include Brucella spp., Toxoplasma gondii, Trichinella spp., Clostridium botulinum, Francisella tularensis, Borrelia burgdorferi, Bacillus anthracis, Echinococcus spp., Leptospira spp., Giardia spp., Cryptosporida spp., Coxiella burnetti, rabies virus, West Nile virus, Hantaviruses, and tick-borne encephalitis viruses.
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| 3. |
- Wennberg, Maria, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Dietary transition
- 2021. - 1
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Ingår i: Amap assesment 2021. - Tromsö : AMAP. - 9788279712008 ; , s. 13-46
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Key findings:Most Arctic populations have experienced a transition towards more imported foods. The dietary transition has had adverse impacts on health in some populations, such as an increase in obesity or impaired dental status. Intakes of vitamin D and iodine have decreased due to lower fish and/or milk consumption. These nutrients should be monitored in Arctic populations. Positive health impacts of the dietary transition include significantly reduced levels of contaminants in the blood of pregnant women. Whether dietary transition is negative or positive for health depends on the composition of the new diet, as well as the extent to which the traditional diet is maintained. Communication about dietary risks and benefits is vital. Food insecurity is a growing concern in some Arctic populations and collaboration between countries should be established to address this. There are gaps in the research field of dietary studies within Arctic Indigenous populations. More studies are needed, especially within the many Arctic populations in Russia
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