| 1. |
- Flink, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Person-centred care transitions for people with stroke : study protocol for a feasibility evaluation of codesigned care transition support.
- 2021
-
Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 11:12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Care transitions following stroke should be bridged with collaboration between hospital staff and home rehabilitation teams since well-coordinated transitions can reduce death and disability following a stroke. However, health services are delivered within organisational structures, rather than being based on patients' needs. The aim of this study protocol is to assess the feasibility, operationalised here as fidelity and acceptability, of a codesigned care transition support for people with stroke.METHODS: This study protocol describes the evaluation of a feasibility study using a non-randomised controlled design. The codesigned care transition support includes patient information using videos, leaflets and teach back; what-matters-to me dialogue; a coordinated rehabilitation plan; bridged e-meeting; and a message system for cross-organisational collaboration. Patients with stroke, first time or recurrent, who are to be discharged home from hospital and referred to a rehabilitation team in primary healthcare for continued rehabilitation in the home will be included. One week after stroke, data will be collected on the primary outcome, namely satisfaction with the care transition support, and on the secondary outcome, namely health literacy and medication adherence. Data on use of healthcare will be obtained from a register of healthcare contacts. The outcomes of patients and significant others will be compared with matched controls from other geriatric stroke and acute stroke units, and with matched historic controls from a previous dataset at the intervention and control units. Data on acceptability and fidelity will be assessed through interviews and observations at the intervention units.ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approvals have been obtained from the Swedish Ethical Review Authority. The results will be published open-access in peer-reviewed journals. Dissemination also includes presentation at national and international conferences.DISCUSSION: The care transition support addresses a poorly functioning part of care trajectories in current healthcare. The development of this codesigned care transition support has involved people with stroke, significant other, and healthcare professionals. Such involvement has the potential to better identify and reconceptualise problems, and incorporate user experiences.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov id: NCT02925871. Date of registration 6 October 2016.PROTOCOL VERSION: 1.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Ambrazaitis, Gilbert, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
-
Do dialect-specific prosodic properties shape the path to contrastive focus? : Production and comprehension data from 3-5 year-old children acquiring Stockholm or Scania Swedish
- 2023
-
Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Cuing information structure (IS) is a fundamental function of prosody in many languages. For instance, in English or Dutch, a contrastive focus on the color adjective in a phrase like ‘the green boat’ is marked by a pitch accent on GREEN and, crucially, a lack of post-focal accent on BOAT: ‘the GREEN boat’. Listeners infer from this prosodic structure that ‘boat’ represents already activated (given) information and that the color that is specially mentioned represents one out of a set of alternatives. According to research findings, children achieve proficiency in the production of prosodic IS encoding within the age range of 4 to 8 years, displaying considerable variability. This variability is suggested to result from structural prosodic differences between languages. For instance, Stockholm Swedish speaking children mark (non-contrastive) focus using the Swedish prominence cuing H(igh) tone in an adult-like manner already at 4-5 years, while Dutch speaking children handle Dutch intonational pitch accents only after the age of 7-8 years. One hypothesis is that this relates to the presence of lexical pitch accents in Swedish, which could make Swedish speaking children more sensitive to prosodic contrasts; in addition, the combination of lexical accent + prominence H results in a complex contour which is particularly salient. However, studies investigating this have usually had a strict focus on speech production. The few previous studies that have conducted parallel production and comprehension experiments have typically used offline methods to assess comprehension. More recent studies using online methods such as eye tracking have usually not included children younger than 6 years of age and have not been complemented by production data. In this study we combine production and comprehension experiments, using eye tracking, to study contrastive focus prosody in 3- to 5-year-old children speaking either Scanian or Stockholm Swedish. In Scanian, instead of adding the prominence H-tone for focus, phrase-level prominence is encoded through phonetic adjustments of the (lexical) HL accent patterns. By comparing these two Swedish varieties we can thus control for phonological features (incl. lexical tone), as well as grammar and lexicon, when exploring effects of prosodic-typological differences. In our production experiment we elicit adjective-noun phrases in three different focus conditions (broad, contrast on adjective, contrast on noun), using an interactive video/card game. Production data are analyzed acoustically and auditorily. As for comprehension, our visual-word eye-tracking experiment makes use of the same pictures of colored objects to investigate whether and how children rely on prosody for reference resolution (e.g., Where is the yellow boat? And where is the GREEN boat?). The time course of eye movements will be analyzed using growth curves. Both production and eye-tracking data will be analyzed as a function of dialect, age and standardized measures of language production and comprehension (The New Reynell Developmental Language Scales), as well as compared to data from adult controls. Data are currently being collected. A preliminary analysis of eye-tracking data from 24 Scanian children (ages 3-5 years collapsed) and a subset of adults from both dialects suggests similar comprehension of focus prosody as in adults (as a mismatched focus prosody in the adjective successfully elicits looks at the foil item in all groups), although processing appears to be slower, and anticipatory strategies differ slightly from those of adults (as the color of the first-mentioned adjective in a trial elicits looks at the color-matched distractor in adults, but not in children). An analysis contrasting comprehension data for both dialects, as well as a preliminary analysis of production data will be presented at the conference.
|
|
| 4. |
- Ambrazaitis, Gilbert, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
-
Språkutveckling och prosodisk typologi : Produktion och perception av den dialektspecifika fokusmarkeringen hos 3- till 5-åriga barn från Stockholm och Skåne
- 2023
-
Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Att lägga satsbetoningen på ordet som bör fokuseras utifrån en given informationsstruktur är något som barn enligt tidigare internationell forskning verkar bemästra relativt sent i utvecklingen av sitt förstaspråk. Förmågan att uppfatta och tolka satsbetoning verkar barn enligt vissa studier utveckla ännu senare, men få tidigare studier har genomfört parallella produktions- och perceptionstest, och få perceptionsstudier har i detta sammanhang använt sig av online metoder (så som ögonrörelsemätning) med barn yngre än sex år. En del tidigare studier har påvisat typologiska skillnader; till exempel verkar svenska barn kunna producera en vuxenlik fokusbetoning tidigare än nederländska barn. Med vår studie ämnar vi bidra till en bättre förståelse av hur barn utvecklar sin förmåga att producera och uppfatta kontrastiva fokusbetoningar (t. ex. en röd BIL, en RÖD bil), hur produktionen och perceptionen hänger ihop, och vilken roll prosodisk språktypologi kan spela i sammanhanget. Vi undersöker dessa förmågor hos (totalt ca 120) förskolebarn med stockholmsvenska respektive skånska som förstaspråk – två dialekter som representerar motpoler i en prosodisk typologi när det gäller hur satsbetoning kodas intonationsfonologiskt. I vår produktionsstudie eliciterar vi adjektiv-substantiv fraser med varierad kontrastiv fokus, och i perceptionsstudien mäter vi barnens bearbetning av prosodin i liknande fraser med hjälp av ögonrörelsemätning. Datainsamling pågår i skrivande stund, och prelimära resultat kommer att presenteras på workshopen
|
|
| 5. |
- Bertilsson, Ann-Sofie, et al.
(författare)
-
A client-centred ADL intervention: three-month follow-up of a randomized controlled trial
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 21, s. 377-391
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim was to study a client-centred activities of daily living (ADL) intervention (CADL) compared with the usualADL intervention (UADL) in people with stroke regarding: independence in ADL, perceived participation, life satisfaction,use of home-help service, and satisfaction with training and, in their significant others, regarding: caregiver burden, lifesatisfaction, and informal care. Methods: In this multicentre study, 16 rehabilitation units were randomly assigned to deliverCADL or UADL. The occupational therapists who provided the CADL were specifically trained. Eligible for inclusion werepeople with stroke treated in a stroke unit £3 months after stroke, dependent in ‡two ADL, not diagnosed with dementia, andable to understand instructions. Data were collected at inclusion and three months thereafter. To detect a significant differencebetween the groups in the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) domain “participation”, 280 participants were required. Intention-totreatanalysis was applied. Results: At three months, there was no difference in the outcomes between the CADL group(n = 129) and the UADL group (n = 151), or their significant others (n = 87/n = 93) except in the SIS domain “emotion” infavour of CADL (p = 0.04). Conclusion: The CADL does not appear to bring about short-term differences in outcomes andlonger follow-ups are required.
|
|
| 6. |
- Capo, Eric, et al.
(författare)
-
Lake sedimentary dna research on past terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity: Overview and recommendations
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Quaternary. - : MDPI. - 2571-550X. ; 4:1
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of lake sedimentary DNA to track the long-term changes in both terrestrial and aquatic biota is a rapidly advancing field in paleoecological research. Although largely applied nowadays, knowledge gaps remain in this field and there is therefore still research to be conducted to ensure the reliability of the sedimentary DNA signal. Building on the most recent literature and seven original case studies, we synthesize the state-of-the-art analytical procedures for effective sampling, extraction, amplification, quantification and/or generation of DNA inventories from sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) via high-throughput sequencing technologies. We provide recommendations based on current knowledge and best practises.
|
|
| 7. |
- Escaned, Javier, et al.
(författare)
-
Safety of the Deferral of Coronary Revascularization on the Basis of Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio and Fractional Flow Reserve Measurements in Stable Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndromes
- 2018
-
Ingår i: JACC. - : Elsevier. - 1936-8798 .- 1876-7605. ; 11:15, s. 1437-1449
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of patients deferred from coronary revascularization on the basis of instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) or fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurements in stable angina pectoris (SAP) and acute coronary syndromes (ACS). BACKGROUND Assessment of coronary stenosis severity with pressure guidewires is recommended to determine the need for myocardial revascularization. METHODS The safety of deferral of coronary revascularization in the pooled per-protocol population (n = 4,486) of the DEFINE-FLAIR (Functional Lesion Assessment of Intermediate Stenosis to Guide Revascularisation) and iFR-SWEDEHEART (Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio Versus Fractional Flow Reserve in Patients With Stable Angina Pectoris or Acute Coronary Syndrome) randomized clinical trials was investigated. Patients were stratified according to revascularization decision making on the basis of iFR or FFR and to clinical presentation (SAP or ACS). The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACE), defined as the composite of all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or unplanned revascularization at 1 year. RESULTS Coronary revascularization was deferred in 2,130 patients. Deferral was performed in 1,117 patients (50%) in the iFR group and 1,013 patients (45%) in the FFR group (p < 0.01). At 1 year, the MACE rate in the deferred population was similar between the iFR and FFR groups (4.12% vs. 4.05%; fully adjusted hazard ratio: 1.13; 95% confidence interval: 0.72 to 1.79; p = 0.60). A clinical presentation with ACS was associated with a higher MACE rate compared with SAP in deferred patients (5.91% vs. 3.64% in ACS and SAP, respectively; fully adjusted hazard ratio: 0.61 in favor of SAP; 95% confidence interval: 0.38 to 0.99; p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Overall, deferral of revascularization is equally safe with both iFR and FFR, with a low MACE rate of about 4%. Lesions were more frequently deferred when iFR was used to assess physiological significance. In deferred patients presenting with ACS, the event rate was significantly increased compared with SAP at 1 year. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation.
|
|
| 8. |
- Löhndorf, Simone, et al.
(författare)
-
Produktion och perception av kontrastiv fokus hos 3- till 5-åriga barn från Stockholm och Skåne
- 2023
-
Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Att lägga satsbetoningen på ordet som bör fokuseras utifrån en given informationsstruktur är något som barn enligt tidigare internationell forskning verkar bemästra relativt sent i utvecklingen av sitt förstaspråk. Förmågan att uppfatta och tolka satsbetoning verkar barn enligt vissa studier utveckla ännu senare, men få tidigare studier har genomfört parallella produktions- och perceptionstest, och få perceptionsstudier har använt sig av online metoder (så som ögonrörelsemätning) med barn yngre än sex år. En del tidigare studier har påvisat typologiska skillnader; till exempel verkar svenska barn kunna producera en vuxenlik fokusbetoning tidigare än nederländska barn.Med vår studie ämnar vi bidra till en bättre förståelse av hur barn utvecklar sin förmåga att producera och uppfatta kontrastiva fokusbetoningar (t. ex. en röd BIL, en RÖD bil), hur produktionen och perceptionen hänger ihop, och vilken roll prosodisk språktypologi kan spela isammanhanget. Vi undersöker dessa förmågor hos (totalt ca 120) förskolebarn med stockholmsvenska respektive skånska som förstaspråk – två dialekter som representerar motpoler i en prosodisk typologi när det gäller hur satsbetoning kodas intonationsfonologiskt. I vår produktionsstudie eliciterar vi adjektiv-substantiv fraser med varierad kontrastiv fokus, och i perceptionsstudien mäter vi barnens bearbetning av prosodin i liknande fraser med hjälp av ögonrörelsemätning. Datainsamling pågår i skrivande stund, och prelimära resultat kommer att presenteras på konferensen.
|
|
| 9. |
- Mock, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
-
Multiomics in the central Arctic Ocean for benchmarking biodiversity change
- 2022
-
Ingår i: PLoS biology. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1544-9173 .- 1545-7885. ; 20:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiomics approaches need to be applied in the central Arctic Ocean to benchmark biodiversity change and to identify novel species and their genes. As part of MOSAiC, EcoOmics will therefore be essential for conservation and sustainable bioprospecting in one of the least explored ecosystems on Earth.
|
|
| 10. |
- Scharnweber, Kristin, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
-
Comprehensive analysis of chemical and biological problems associated with browning agents used in aquatic studies
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Limnology and Oceanography. - : Wiley. - 1541-5856. ; 19:12, s. 818-835
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inland waters receive and process large amounts of colored organic matter from the terrestrial surroundings. These inputs dramatically affect the chemical, physical, and biological properties of water bodies, as well as their roles as global carbon sinks and sources. However, manipulative studies, especially at ecosystem scale, require large amounts of dissolved organic matter with optical and chemical properties resembling indigenous organic matter. Here, we compared the impacts of two leonardite products (HuminFeed and SuperHume) and a freshly derived reverse osmosis concentrate of organic matter in a set of comprehensive mesocosm- and laboratory-scale experiments and analyses. The chemical properties of the reverse osmosis concentrate and the leonardite products were very different, with leonardite products being low and the reverse osmosis concentrate being high in carboxylic functional groups. Light had a strong impact on the properties of leonardite products, including loss of color and increased particle formation. HuminFeed presented a substantial impact on microbial communities under light conditions, where bacterial production was stimulated and community composition modified, while in dark potential inhibition of bacterial processes was detected. While none of the browning agents inhibited the growth of the tested phytoplankton Gonyostomum semen, HuminFeed had detrimental effects on zooplankton abundance and Daphnia reproduction. We conclude that the effects of browning agents extracted from leonardite, particularly HuminFeed, are in sharp contrast to those originating from terrestrially derived dissolved organic matter. Hence, they should be used with great caution in experimental studies on the consequences of terrestrial carbon for aquatic systems.
|
|
