| 1. |
- Bera, Suman, et al.
(författare)
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Limiting Heterovalent B-Site Doping in CsPbI3 Nanocrystals : Phase and Optical Stability
- 2019
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Ingår i: ACS Energy Letters. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 2380-8195. ; 4:6, s. 1364-1369
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- B-site doping with various metal ions in alpha-CsPbI3 has been proven to be a potential approach in bringing phase stability to these nanocrystals. However, while the doping of various homovalent ions in replacing Pb(II) has been extensively studied, heterovalent doping was observed to be limited. To understand the impact of heterovalent doping, Sb(III) was chosen here as an effective dopant for occupying the Pb(II) position in CsPbI3 nanocrystals. Importantly, it was observed that insertion of Sb(III) also stabilized the crystal phase of these red-emitting nanocrystals, but only with limited doping. However, with more intake, the cube shape turned to platelet and therefore also reduced the stability. Details of the insights of formation of these doped nanostructures are investigated, and further, these were implemented for photovoltaic application and comparable efficiency was recorded.
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| 2. |
- Bhattacharyya, Anirban, et al.
(författare)
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ESS RF Source and Spoke Cavity Test Plan
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report describes the test plan for the first high power RF source, ESS prototype double spoke cavity and ESS prototype cryomodule at the FREIA Laboratory.
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| 3. |
- Bhattacharyya, Anirban
(författare)
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From Macroscopic to Microscopic Dynamics of Superconducting Cavities
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Superconducting (SC) radio frequency (RF) cavities are at the heart of many large-scale particle accelerators such as the European Spallation Source (ESS), the X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL), the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS)-II and the proposed International Linear Collider (ILC). The SC cavities are essentially resonant structures with very high intrinsic quality factors (Q0) of the order of 1010. The high Q0 of the cavities leads to increased reflection during charging of the cavities to nominal voltage because the bandwidth of the signal exceeding that of the cavity. This results in high energy losses in case of pulsed machines. In this thesis I explore and present a novel technique to optimally charge the superconducting cavities with the particular example of the spoke cavities to be used for the ESS project in Lund, Sweden. The analysis reveals that slow charging with hyperbolic sine cavity voltage profile matches the signal bandwidth to that of the cavity which leads to energy efficient filling.However, a filling rate lower than some particular value is counter-productive. The energy expended in cryogenic cooling to evacuate the heat due to ohmic losses in the cavity starts to dominate the lost energy. Such cryogenic losses are dependent on cavity Q0 through the residual resistance. The residual resistance changes with the applied electromagnetic field due to the pair-breaking mechanism of Cooper-pairs. Hence, methods for accurate measurement of the cavity Q0 are essential for accurate characterization and operation of the superconducting cavities. In this thesis I propose a novel method to accurately measure Q0 as a function of the applied electromagnetic field and present experimental results from the prototype spoke cavity in the Facility for Research Instrumentation and Accelerator Development (FREIA), at Uppsala University.The cavity quality factor (Q0) is also dependent on the material’s purity and the trapped magnetic flux in the superconducting material. Recent studies have revealed that the rate of cooling of materials through the critical temperature has an effect on the residual flux trapped in the material. In this thesis I use the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations to model the process of state transition from a normal to a superconducting state. This theoretical study may allow an explanation of the experimentally observed results from the basic principles of the general theory of state transitions as proposed by Ginzburg and Landau.
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| 4. |
- Bhattacharyya, Anirban Krishna, et al.
(författare)
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Minimization of power consumption during charging of superconducting accelerating cavities
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 801, s. 78-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The radio frequency cavities, used to accelerate charged particle beams, need to be charged to their nominal voltage after which the beam can be injected into them. The standard procedure for such cavity filling is to use a step charging profile. However, during initial stages of such a filling process a substantial amount of the total energy is wasted in reflection for superconducting cavities because of their extremely narrow bandwidth. The paper presents a novel strategy to charge cavities, which reduces total energy reflection. We use variational calculus to obtain analytical expression for the optimal charging profile. Enemies, reflected and required, and generator peak power are also compared between the charging schemes and practical aspects (saturation, efficiency and gain characteristics) of power sources (tetrodes, IOTs and solid state power amplifiers) are also considered and analysed. The paper presents a methodology to successfully identify the optimal charging scheme for different power sources to minimize total energy requirement.
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| 5. |
- Bhattacharyya, Anirban, et al.
(författare)
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Precise measurements of hot S-parameters of superconducting cavities : Experimental setup and error analysis
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Superconducting accelerating cavities used in modern particle accelerators change their intrinsic properties when excited to very high field levels close to the critical field where the superconductivity is affected. In this report we describe a test-bench and data analysis procedure to determine the so-called hot S-parameters from strongly driven cavities and use them to quantify the properties of the cavity at varying field levels. The method is based on analysing reflection coefficient for a large number of configurations in a self-excited loop setup and determining the cavity coupling coefficient $\kappa=Q_0/Q_{ext}$ as a function of cavity voltage to high accuracy. Since $Q_{ext}$ is determined independently and is a constant, from the information of $\kappa$ the Q-slope can be determined.
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| 6. |
- Bhattacharyya, Anirban, et al.
(författare)
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Wave propagation in a fractal wave guide
- 2017
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Ingår i: in Proceedings of the 8th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC 2017), Copenhagen, Denmark, May, 2017.. - 9783954501823
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Goryashko, Vitaliy A., et al.
(författare)
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A Method for High-Precision Characterization of the Q-Slope of Superconducting RF Cavities
- 2016
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Ingår i: IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques. - 0018-9480 .- 1557-9670. ; 64:11, s. 3764-3771
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose a novel method for high-precision determination of a quality factor Q(0) of a superconducting radio-frequency cavity as a function of the strength of the field excited in the cavity, the so-called Q-slope. Usually, the cavity parameters are measured only at resonance for different cavity field strengths, but such a single data point measurement for a given field strength results in a 10%-15% uncertainty in Q(0). In contrast, we propose a method that improves the accuracy of Q(0) determination by an order of magnitude. We vary the phase of an excited stabilized field in the cavity and measure the reflection coefficient of the cavity as a function of the phase. The procedure is repeated for different strengths of the excited field. Given the fact that the complex reflection coefficient of a cavity describes a perfect circle in polar coordinates as a function of the field phase for a constant field strength, we find the coupling coefficient much more accurately by fitting the overdetermined set of measured data to the circle for each value of the cavity field. From the time-decay measurement, which allows least-squares minimization, we accurately find the total (loaded) quality factor and deduce Q(0) with an uncertainty of around 1%.
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