| 1. |
- Bayuh Lakew, Ewnetu, et al.
(författare)
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SmallTail : Scaling Cores and Probabilistic Cloning Requests for Web Systems
- 2018
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Ingår i: 15TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AUTONOMIC COMPUTING (ICAC 2018). - : IEEE. - 9781538651391 ; , s. 31-40
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Users quality of experience on web systems are largely determined by the tail latency, e.g., 95th percentile. Scaling resources along, e.g., the number of virtual cores per VM, is shown to be effective to meet the average latency but falls short in taming the latency tail in the cloud where the performance variability is higher. The prior art shows the prominence of increasing the request redundancy to curtail the latency either in the off-line setting or without scaling-in cores of virtual machines. In this paper, we propose an opportunistic scaler, termed SmallTail, which aims to achieve stringent targets of tail latency while provisioning a minimum amount of resources and keeping them well utilized. Against dynamic workloads, SmallTail simultaneously adjusts the core provisioning per VM and probabilistically replicates requests so as to achieve the tail latency target. The core of SmallTail is a two level controller, where the outer loops controls the core provision per distributed VMs and the inner loop controls the clones in a finer granularity. We also provide theoretical analysis on the steady-state latency for a given probabilistic replication that clones one out of N arriving requests. We extensively evaluate SmallTail on three different web systems, namely web commerce, web searching, and web bulletin board. Our testbed results show that SmallTail can ensure the 95th latency below 1000 ms using up to 53% less cores compared to the strategy of constant cloning, whereas scaling-core only solution exceeds the latency target by up to 70%.
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| 2. |
- Birke, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Self-aware computing systems : Open challenges and future research directions
- 2017
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Ingår i: Self-Aware Computing Systems. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319474748 - 9783319474724 ; , s. 709-722
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this chapter, we discuss the open challenges in building self-aware computing systems that are still being faced by the research and development community. The challenges can be theoretical, technical, computational, or even sociological. First, we highlight the challenges associated with each of the earlier parts of the book and summarize on respective future research directions. We then offer concluding remarks and an outlook into the future in the last section.
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| 3. |
- Chiaraviglio, Luca, et al.
(författare)
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5G in rural and low-income areas : Are we ready?
- 2016
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Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2016 ITU KALEIDOSCOPE ACADEMIC CONFERENCE - ICTS FOR A SUSTAINABLE WORLD (ITU WT). - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE. - 9789261204518 ; , s. 99-106
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current trends in telecommunication networks foresee the adoption of the,fifth generation (5G) of wireless networks in the near fixture. However; a large number of people are living without coverage and connectivity. To face this issue, we consider the possibility of deploying 5G networks in rural and low-income zones. After detailing the current state-of-the-art, we consider the main challenges that need to be faced. Moreover; we define the main pillars to follow in order to deploy 5G networks in such zones, as well as a proposal of a future network architecture.
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| 4. |
- Chiaraviglio, Luca, et al.
(författare)
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Bringing 5G into Rural and Low-Income Areas : Is It Feasible?
- 2017
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Ingår i: IEEE Communications Standards Magazine. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2471-2825. ; 1:3, s. 50-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nowadays, at least two billion people are experiencing a complete lack of wireless cellular network coverage. These users live in rural areas and low-income regions, where network operators are not keen to invest, mainly due to high capital expenditure and operational expenditure costs, as well as the scarcity of electricity from the grid. We tackle this challenge by proposing a 5G network explicitly designed to serve rural and low-income areas. Our solution investigates the possibility of mounting remote radio heads on top of unmanned aerial vehicles, as well as large cells (LCs) to increase the coverage range. In addition, 5G nodes are powered by solar panels and batteries. Preliminary results, obtained over three representative case studies located in Italy, Cook Islands, and Zimbabwe, show that providing connectivity in rural and low-income areas by means of the proposed 5G architecture is feasible. At the same time, we also show that the monthly subscription fee paid by the users can be kept sufficiently low, that is, less than €1/month in low-income areas, and around €11/month in rural regions.
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