| 1. |
- Andersson, Maria, 1965-
(author)
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Cooperation in local electricity markets : modelling of technical measures
- 1997
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis presents a system analysis for co-operation in local electricity markets including distributors and customers. The purpose of co-operation is to minimise the system cost of local markets by introducing system measures, such as end-use measures and municipal co-generation plants. Co-operation will strengthen the position of local markets in the national as well as future international electricity markets. With end-use measures local markets will achieve flexibility, additional reserve capacity and ability to avoid sudden large costs for peak loads. Biomass-fired cogeneration plants can become of great importance in an international market. In Sweden there is a simultaneous demand for electricity and district heating, many local markets already include district heating systems and there are major forest areas which can contribute with renewable fuel. The system analysis is partly based on the simulation model (INDSIM) and the linear programming model (MODEST). The simulation model has been further developed (STRATO) to include calculation of system costs. Shadow price analysis has been developed in order to study incentives for system measures. Calculation procedures have been developed that describe cooperation between distributor and customer. Six case studies of a selection of real, existing local markets in Sweden are presented. The studies show the potential economical effects of co-operation measured by system costs and shadow prices. Co-operation has been considered between demand- and supply-side, electricity- and district heating systems and also between different time periods. In a typical local market with 90 000 inhabitants, if end use measures are introduced without cooperation the system cost of the distributor will increase by 14 million SEK for a time period of 25 years. If instead end-use measures are introduced in co-operation, together with a biomass-fired cogeneration plant, the system cost of the local market will be reduced by 444 million SEK. Furthermore, the use of biomass in the local market is increased from 36 to 72 % while the use of oil is decreased from 34 to 1%. Another case study of another local market (50 000 inhabitants) shows that end-use measures will reduce the system cost (excluding investment costs) of an industry by 50 % corresponding to 1.3 million SEK for one year. The end-use measures imply reduced power demand during peak load periods in the local market and increased power demand during non- peak load periods.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Maria, 1965-
(author)
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Cost-effective incentives for local electric utilities and industries in co-operation : modelling of technical measures
- 1993
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In the Swedish electricity system there is a great potential for increasing the cost efficiency of the electricity use. However, today the economic incentives, offered for instance by existing electricity rates, are too weak to improve the use of the system. On the Swedish electricity market there are, at least, three different actors, the power producer, the distributor and the customer. Today these actors act separately due to low awareness of the costs for electricity generation, over the year and the day. If the actors are aware of the real electricity costs, cost-effective incentives will arise to introduce energy system measures that will reduce the energy system cost considerably. The thesis presents two energy system analyses of an existing Swedish municipality. The first analysis deals with the introduction of industrial end-use measures, with the local utility’s existing electricity rates as boundary conditions. The analysis is carried out with a simulation model for electricity use in industries. The second analysis deals with the introduction of energy system measures, on the municipal supply-side and demand-side, when the local electric utility and the customers are regarded as one system. The analysis is carried out with an optimization model, that is based on linear programming. The results show that if 17 industries introduce end-use measures, with the existing electricity rates as boundary conditions, their energy system costs will be reduced by 12 MSEK for a time period of 10 years, whereas the local utility will increase its energy system cost by 6 MSEK. However, if there is a co-operation between the local electric utility and the customers, their joint energy system cost will be reduced by 330 MSEK for a time period of 10 years.
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| 3. |
- Roussinova, Roussina, 1972-
(author)
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The Art of Pleasing the Eye : Portraits by Nicolas de Largillierre and Spectatorship with Taste for Colour in the Early Eighteenth Century
- 2015
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This study examines the interaction between portraits by the exponent of French colourist painting Nicolas de Largillierre (1656–1745) and elite spectatorship in the early eighteenth century as enactment of the idea of painting as an art of pleasing the eye. As developed in the theory of art of Roger de Piles (1635–1709), the idea of painting as an art of pleasing the eye coexisted with the classicist view, which in turn emphasised the potential of painting to communicate discursive meanings and hence to engage the mind. The idea of painting as an art of pleasing the eye was associated with a taste that valued the pictorial effects of painting and related to the ideal of honnêteté, which expanded on the art of pleasing in polite society by means of external appearances as a sign of social distinction.The aim of the study is to explore how portraits by Nicolas de Largillierre address the spectator and how such paintings might have come to have meaning for spectators in the early eighteenth century. To do this, the study takes a performative approach and defines meaning as a product of the interplay of pictorial effects and spectatorial response, progressing from the initial encounter throughout the sustained exploration of the paintings. Building on close analyses of selected paintings and readings of texts that bear on issues of pictorial imitation, spectatorship and social interaction, the study brings into focus the interplay of cognitive and sensory activities, including verbal articulation and bodily movement, which come into play in the production of meanings through the act of spectatorial experience. The study also emphasises the interplay of the mimetic and the material aspects of the paintings as an important bearer of meanings and identifies several interrelated sites of tension in which the pictorial effectiveness of the portraits resides.The study concludes by suggesting that to infer such meanings, the spectator should be prepared to respond to the address of the paintings actively, by engaging the mind, the senses and the body. Such an interpretation of the interaction between portrait paintings and spectators proposes a complex view of the ways in which artistic and spectatorial practices in the early eighteenth century might have interacted to create meanings while reproducing at the same time social and aesthetic conventions and ideals, such as the art of pleasing the eye.
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| 4. |
- Weibull, Nina, 1947-
(author)
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Spegling och skapande : En studie i Lena Cronqvists "Målaren och hennes modell"
- 2006
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- For their self-representation painters are referred to the use of existing codes of representation. These codes can be modified by displacement of conventional meaning. In the historically central discourse of the figure of the artist, the model functions as a complementary aspect of the painter. If, as in the work analysed in this thesis, the conventional code is changed into "the painter and her model", the outcome will be not only a deconstruction of the concept of "the painter and his model", but also a new meaning.Cronqvist (b. in 1938) represents herself with paint brushes and a hand mirror. Whereas the brush signifies the artist's potential for creation, the mirror introduces an imaginary aspect of the painter. The mirror is a critical factor in self-portraiture in the sense that the mirrored image may convey both familiar and unfamiliar aspects of its spectator. The mirror is a source of ambiguity. I maintain that the mirroring theme relates to three separate discourses; Vanity, Narcissus and Medusa. The theme of Medusa provides a productive, if not all-inclusive, context for the interpretation of the androgynously signified body of the painter, of the mirror face and of the petrification of the painter's body.Cronqvist also investigates the potential for representing herself within the codes of the nude, a metaphor for art, which is here characterized by ambivalent gestures and the ambiguous whiteness signifying the untouched picture surface. While an imaginary aspect of the maternal body can inspire male artists, it tends to represent a source of ambivalence to the female artist.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Daniel, 1978-
(author)
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Necessary Optimality Conditions for Two Stochastic Control Problems
- 2008
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis consists of two papers concerning necessary conditions in stochastic control problems. In the first paper, we study the problem of controlling a linear stochastic differential equation (SDE) where the coefficients are random and not necessarily bounded. We consider relaxed control processes, i.e. the control is defined as a process taking values in the space of probability measures on the control set. The main motivation is a bond portfolio optimization problem. The relaxed control processes are then interpreted as the portfolio weights corresponding to different maturity times of the bonds. We establish existence of an optimal control and necessary conditions for optimality in the form of a maximum principle, extended to include the family of relaxed controls. In the second paper we consider the so-called singular control problem where the control consists of two components, one absolutely continuous and one singular. The absolutely continuous part of the control is allowed to enter both the drift and diffusion coefficient. The absolutely continuous part is relaxed in the classical way, i.e. the generator of the corresponding martingale problem is integrated with respect to a probability measure, guaranteeing the existence of an optimal control. This is shown to correspond to an SDE driven by a continuous orthogonal martingale measure. A maximum principle which describes necessary conditions for optimal relaxed singular control is derived.
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| 6. |
- Bonander, Carl, et al.
(author)
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The value of combining individual and small area sociodemographic data for assessing and handling selective participation in cohort studies: Evidence from the Swedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study
- 2022
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In: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 17:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives To study the value of combining individual- and neighborhood-level sociodemographic data to predict study participation and assess the effects of baseline selection on the distribution of metabolic risk factors and lifestyle factors in the Swedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS). Methods We linked sociodemographic register data to SCAPIS participants (n = 30,154, ages: 50-64 years) and a random sample of the study's target population (n = 59,909). We assessed the classification ability of participation models based on individual-level data, neighborhood-level data, and combinations of both. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were used to examine how reweighting the sample to match the population affected the averages of 32 cardiopulmonary risk factors at baseline. Absolute SMDs >0.10 were considered meaningful. Results Combining both individual-level and neighborhood-level data gave rise to a model with better classification ability (AUC: 71.3%) than models with only individual-level (AUC: 66.9%) or neighborhood-level data (AUC: 65.5%). We observed a greater change in the distribution of risk factors when we reweighted the participants using both individual and area data. The only meaningful change was related to the (self-reported) frequency of alcohol consumption, which appears to be higher in the SCAPIS sample than in the population. The remaining risk factors did not change meaningfully. Conclusions Both individual- and neighborhood-level characteristics are informative in assessing study selection effects. Future analyses of cardiopulmonary outcomes in the SCAPIS cohort can benefit from our study, though the average impact of selection on risk factor distributions at baseline appears small.
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| 7. |
- Eriksson, Jonatan, 1975-
(author)
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On the pricing equations of some path-dependent options
- 2006
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis consists of four papers and a summary. The common topic of the included papers are the pricing equations of path-dependent options. Various properties of barrier options and American options are studied, such as convexity of option prices, the size of the continuation region in American option pricing and pricing formulas for turbo warrants. In Paper I we study the effect of model misspecification on barrier option pricing. It turns out that, as in the case of ordinary European and American options, this is closely related to convexity properties of the option prices. We show that barrier option prices are convex under certain conditions on the contract function and on the relation between the risk-free rate of return and the dividend rate. In Paper II a new condition is given to ensure that the early exercise feature in American option pricing has a positive value. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the American option price to coincide with the corresponding European option price in at least one diffusion model. In Paper III we study parabolic obstacle problems related to American option pricing and in particular the size of the non-coincidence set. The main result is that if the boundary of the set of points where the obstacle is a strict subsolution to the differential equation is C1-Dini in space and Lipschitz in time, there is a positive distance, which is uniform in space, between the boundary of this set and the boundary of the non-coincidence set. In Paper IV we derive explicit pricing formulas for turbo warrants under the classical Black-Scholes assumptions.
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| 8. |
- Nordström, Charlotta
(author)
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Up the Stylish Staircase : Situating the Fürstenberg Gallery and Art Collection in a Late Nineteenth-Century Swedish Art World
- 2015
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This dissertation investigates the establishment (in 1885), the influence, the critical reception, and the legacy of the Fürstenberg Gallery and Art Collection in Gothenburg, Sweden. The aim of this research is to demonstrate how the gallery and the collection were products and producers of specific art-historical situations, within a particular nineteenth-century Swedish art world. This art world presents itself as a complex network of influences, in which social and economical forces are influencing art production of the time and its assimilation within the cultural fabric of society. Through five chapters, a careful examination of the collection’s artworks in their expanded environment is undertaken. A wide range of images, archival material and primary sources are presented, analyzed, and contextualized. The Fürstenberg Gallery and Art Collection are first discussed through Swedish art-historical accounts that have shaped the image of Pontus Fürstenberg as an art lover and a generous patron of modern, Swedish art. In this master narrative, the reputation of the Fürstenberg home and gallery as a base for Swedish artists working in Paris during the 1880s is established. Continuing from the gallery’s and collection’s place in art history, issues related to the emergence of the “interior” in the nineteenth century as a concept focus on how the collection was housed within a domestic setting – the Fürstenberg residence – that functioned as a public space through its gallery. The dynamic relationship between the Fürstenberg home (including the gallery) and the urban surroundings is also undertaken. The gallery becomes more than a private endeavor – as a central component of the city’s economical, cultural and social life.Through analysis of exhibitions and collecting practices, connections between the Fürstenberg Gallery and a broader segment of the Swedish art scene are examined. A special focus is brought on the year 1885, and the moment of identification of a “modern breakthrough” in Swedish art. Artistic manifestations organized in Stockholm and Blanch’s Art Salon with the exhibitions of the Opponents are directly linked to the art scene in Gothenburg and the Fürstenberg Gallery. Finally, the dissertation demonstrates how the Fürstenberg Art Collection is the outcome of three interwoven collecting efforts: 1) a collection built on inheritance, 2) Pontus Fürstenberg’s collection from before 1880, and 3) Pontus and Göthilda Fürstenbergs joined collecting practices. The collection with apparent focus on art from the 1880s and 1890s is prominently viewed (and promoted) as representing a “young” generation of late nineteenth-century Swedish artists. However, investigations into the core of the collection points to its greater diversity. Older works (from before 1880s) are included, although many of them were never made public through display in the actual gallery. The small number of female artists represented in the collection is called into question. This study revises a prevailing view on the gallery and the collection linked to a modernist art-historical perspective. It also explores how the art world related to the modern breakthrough in Swedish art was not solely the autonomous effort of a group of artists working in exile in France. It was entangled with local art collecting and exhibition practices.
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| 9. |
- Skaremyr, Ellinor, 1970-
(author)
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Nyanlända barns deltagande i språkliga händelser i förskolan
- 2014
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The overall aim of this study is to contribute with knowledge about newly arrived children’s participation in communicative events and the communicative tools that are being practiced by them. The study takes its starting point in a sociocultural perspective on learning and is informed by Vygotsky´s (1896-1934) thoughts on development, which is learning taking place in interaction between people in a sociocultural context.Through participant observation combined with use of interaction analysis, a number of children´s interactions were observed and analyzed. Two newly arrived children were observed during their daily child-to-child interactions during a period of five months. Ethical considerations according to the Swedish research council have been addressed and the study has been approved by the Swedish Central Ethical Review Board.The result shows how newly arrived children participate by combining different communicative tools as speech, bodily language and materials when they shadow, mix languages, invent languages, use their voice, meta-communicates and use surrounding structures in interaction. The result also shows how the newly arrived children’s practice of communicative tools change from a salient bodily form to a more verbal form in a period of five months. This change in their practice of communicative tools leads to changed participation in communicative events in Swedish preschools. The study contributes with knowledge about how newly arrived children use various ways of approaching a new language (Swedish) and a new cultural context but also children´s informal learning which take place in interaction.
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