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- Adler, Andrew F., et al.
(författare)
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hESC-Derived Dopaminergic Transplants Integrate into Basal Ganglia Circuitry in a Preclinical Model of Parkinson's Disease
- 2019
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Ingår i: Cell Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2211-1247. ; 28:13, s. 5-3473
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell replacement is currently being explored as a therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative disease. Using stem cells as a source, transplantable progenitors can now be generated under conditions compliant with clinical application in patients. In this study, we elucidate factors controlling target-appropriate innervation and circuitry integration of human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived grafts after transplantation to the adult brain. We show that cell-intrinsic factors determine graft-derived axonal innervation, whereas synaptic inputs from host neurons primarily reflect the graft location. Furthermore, we provide evidence that hESC-derived dopaminergic grafts transplanted in a long-term preclinical rat model of Parkinson's disease (PD) receive synaptic input from subtypes of host cortical, striatal, and pallidal neurons that are known to regulate the function of endogenous nigral dopamine neurons. This refined understanding of how graft neurons integrate with host circuitry will be important for the design of clinical stem-cell-based replacement therapies for PD, as well as for other neurodegenerative diseases. Adler et al. graft hESC-derived dopaminergic progenitors into a rat model of Parkinson's disease. They find grafts correctly innervate host targets and receive appropriate synaptic input after intranigral and intrastriatal placement. Furthermore, the same host neurons projecting toward endogenous dopamine neurons are found to also connect to the grafts.
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- Alricsson, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Spinal alignment, mobility of the hip and thoracic spine and prevalence of low back pain in young elite cross-country skiers.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation. - Seoul : Korean Society of Exercise Rehabilitation. - 2288-176X .- 2288-1778. ; 12:1, s. 21-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the association between spinal alignment, mobility of the hips and the thoracic spine and low back pain in adolescent cross-country skiers. Cohort of 51 elite cross-country skiers from a cross-country skiing high school in Sweden participated in the study. Sagittal spinal alignment, active range of motion in flexion, extension and rotation of the thoracic spine as well as passive and active extension of the hips were measured. The participants also completed a questionnaire regarding training, competition, skiing technique and occurrence of low back pain. A simple linear regression was calculated to predict pain score based on thoraco-lumbar relation, with a significant (P<0.05) regression equation of y=-0.069x+2.280 (standard error of estimate, 0.034). Participants with greater lordosis than kyphosis were more likely to suffer from low back pain than subjects without this offset. Thoracic mobility and passive or active hip extension showed no correlation with low back pain. Sagittal spinal alignment seems to be related with low back pain among young elite cross-country skiers. This study shows that range of motion of the thoracic spine and hips do not have an effect on the prevalence of low back pain in this population.
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- Bertills, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
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Biologiska effekter av Exanter
- 1986
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I syfte att belysa miljöeffekterna av xantater, som används som flotationsreagens vid anrikning av sulfidmalmer, genomfördes toxicitetstester med fisk, alger och bakterier (microtox-teknik). De testade kemikalierna var K-etylxantat, Na-isopropylxantat och K-amylxantat. Dessutom testades också kombinationseffekterna med metallerna Zn, Cu, Pb och Cd på alger och fisk, samt xantaternas inverkan på anrikingen av Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd och Hg i fisklever.xantanterna visade sig vara mycket toxiska för alger och bakterier ( EC50-värden på 25-650µg/l) med mindre giftiga för fisk (lax, 4d LC50=11000-65000 µg/l) En mycket kraftig ökning av metallernas akuta giftverkan i kombination med xanter konstaterades. För fisk var potentieringsgraden upp till 25 gånger och för alger upp til 3,5 gånger, jämfört med ämnenas adderade effekter. Etyl och isobutyl-xantat medförde den kraftigaste potentieringen. Exponeringen för xantat medförde vidare att anrikningen av bly i fisklever ökade med upp till åtta gånger.
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| 7. |
- Björklund, Camilla, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Framework for analysing children’s ways of experiencing numbers
- 2019
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Ingår i: In U. T. Jankvist, M. Van den Heuvel-Panhuizen, & M. Veldhuis, (Eds.), Proceedings of the Eleventh Congress of the European Society for Research in Mathematics Education (CERME11, February 6 – 10, 2019). Utrecht, the Netherlands: Freudenthal Group & Freudenthal Institute, Utrecht University and ERME..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
- Björklund, Camilla, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Implementing a structural approach in preschool number activities. Principles of an intervention program reflected in learning
- 2021
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Ingår i: Mathematical Thinking and Learning. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1098-6065 .- 1532-7833. ; 23:1, s. 72-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report here on an intervention implementing a structural approach to arithmetic problem-solving in relation to learning outcomes among preschoolers. Using the fundamental principles of the variation theory of learning for developing the intervention and as an analytical framework, we discuss teaching and learning in commensurable terms. The research question is how teaching grounded on a structural approach and designed based on principles of variation theory is reflected in children’s learning of numbers. To answer this, three analyses were conducted, addressing: i) how the children’s ways of experiencing numbers changed after participating in the intervention, ii) how the theoretical ideas were afforded in the intervention program, and iii) synthesizing how the affordance was associated with the children’s arithmetic learning. One group of eight children participating in the intervention program was chosen for thorough analysis. Progression was observed in how the children changed their ways of experiencing numbers during the intervention that allowed them to enact more advanced arithmetic strategies, which was associated with the structural approach in teaching. The results also show how analysis focusing on aspects discerned in learning and aspects afforded in teaching provides a way of describing arithmetic learning with significant implications for teaching practices.
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