| 1. |
- Hedelind, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Factory-in-a-Box - Solutions for Availability and Mobility of Flexible Production Capacity
- 2007
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Ingår i: The Swedish Production Symposium,2007.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this paper is to present examples of how to realize a flexible and reconfigurable production system. An ongoing research project in Sweden called Factory-in-a-Box will be presented which is one research initiative within this area. The purpose of the Factory-in-a-Box project is to develop solutions for mobile production capacity on demand. Three key features have been identified as enablers for these kinds of production capabilities: mobility, flexibility, and speed. The concept consists of standardized modules that can be installed in e.g. containers and easily transported by trucks, rail vehicles, and boats. The modules can easily be combined into complete production systems and reconfigured for new products and/or scaled to handle new volumes. The goal of the Factory-in-a-Box project is to build fully operative production modules that are developed in close cooperation between different academic and industrial partners. This paper will present the results from these demonstrators giving examples of the usability of the Factory-in-a-Box concept in industry.
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| 2. |
- Anna, Malm, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Production start-up phase - A comparison between New Product Development and Production Relocation
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 5th International Swedish Production Symposium. - 9789175197524 ; , s. 593-598
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- New product development in a globalized industrial environment with a constant increasing competition, challenges the ways to perform production start-up and production relocation. A product development process focuses in general on product function and to avoid product quality problems. A production relocation focus also on avoiding product quality problems, but relocation is mostly related to forgotten or misunderstood information. The challenging situation due to a more global market is the increasing need for production relocation. In this paper, a literature review is performed investigating these three areas and relate them with industrial experience from production relocations. To summaries, the existing processes in industry today seem to be based on processes for product development. The results view that effectiveness in production relocation are dependent on technology and knowledge transfer and the production start-up process.
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| 3. |
- Björk, Robert G., 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Temporal pattern of CO2, CH4 and N2O fluxes and soil microbial structure from snow-covered Alpine plant communities
- 2006
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Ingår i: Abstracts and Proceedings of the Geological Society of Norway. ; :4
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Global warming is expected to have large effects on carbon exchange between the biosphere and the atmosphere in the Arctic. Arctic ecosystems, which can be a net sink in the summer, are often a net source of CO2 to the atmosphere on an annual basis. Few studies on winter CO2 and CH4 efflux have been conducted in the subarctic part of Sweden. So far, no integrated estimates of winter fluxes of CO2, CH4 or N2O has been reported from the alpine areas in the Scandinavian mountains. As much as 44 to 53% of the northern hemispheres landmass may be snow covered for parts of the year. The depth and spatial spread of snow cover is a result of moisture availability, duration of temperatures bellow 0ºC, storm frequency and the more local factors such as wind redistribution and compaction. In future climate scenarios, predictions of warmer climate and increased precipitations are often mentioned, but to which extent is more uncertain. However, the major changes in precipitation will occur over the North Pacific, North Atlantic and Scandinavia. The controlling factor for microbial activity in the organic layer during winter in alpine areas is the development of a consistent snow cover, which effectively decouples the soil from the atmospheric temperature. The air and soil temperature the days before snow cover development is important, as it sets the temperature conditions for the whole winter period. Soil microbial activity is markedly reduced below temperatures of 0 to -5°C, when the soil starts to freeze and free water becomes limited. Nitrogen mineralisation, nitrification and denitrification can, however, be maintained down to -4°C, and N2O production (from denitrification) in frozen soils has potential to affect annual dynamics and budgets of N (although the soil pore water content prior to freezing is an important regulating factor for winter N2O production). Snowbed communities are rarely, if ever, subjected to temperatures as low as -5°C, which implies that they may be favourable for microbial activity during the winter. Furthermore, tundra soil microbial biomass reaches its annual peak under snow, and fungi account for most of the biomass. However, how the microbial community changes during winter and snowmelt are poorly know and, in particular, in relation to trace gas fluxes. Flux of CO2, CH4 and N2O through a seasonal snowpack, using Fick’s law, from four plant communities with different snow regime and how it changes during snowmelt in the subarctic-alpine part of Sweden will be presented. We will also try to relate the trace gas fluxes to the soil microbial community composition using phospholipid fatty acid analysis.
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| 4. |
- Björk, Robert G., 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Temporal variation in soil microbial communities and the influence of snow cover
- 2007
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Ingår i: The 14th ITEX workshop, Falls Creek, Victoria, Australia, 2–6 February 2007..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Global climate change is projected to have a large impact in arctic and alpine areas. Future projections with increased temperature also include increased precipitation, but to which extent is uncertain. However, the major changes in precipitation will occur over the North Pacific, North Atlantic and Scandinavia. As much as 44 to 53% of the northern hemispheres landmass may be snow covered for parts of the year and in higher alpine terrain the increased precipitation will lead to a greater snow accumulation. The controlling factor for microbial activity in the organic layer during winter in alpine areas is the development of a consistent snow cover, which effectively decouples the soil from the atmospheric temperature. The air and soil temperature the days before snow cover development is important, as it sets the temperature conditions for the whole winter period. Soil microbial activity is markedly reduced below temperatures of 0 to -5°C, when the soil starts to freeze and free water becomes limited. Nitrogen mineralisation, nitrification and denitrification can, however, be maintained down to -4°C, and N2O production (from denitrification) in frozen soils could potentially affect the annual dynamics and budgets of N. Snowbed communities are rarely, if ever, subjected to temperatures as low as -5°C, which implies that they may be favourable for microbial activity during the winter. Furthermore, tundra soil microbial biomass reaches its annual peak under snow, and fungi account for most of the biomass. However, how the microbial community changes during winter and snowmelt is poorly known and, in particular, in relation to trace gas fluxes. The objective of our study was, therefore, to investigate the temporal pattern of soil microbial structure in four plant communities with contrasting snow cover and nitrogen turnover. This study was conducted at Latnjajaure Field Station (LFS) located in the midalpine region in northern Sweden. The study includes four different plant communities, heath snowbed, heath meadow, meadow snowbed, and mesic meadow. To characterize the soil microbial community we used phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA), which is a method targeting the fatty acid profiles of membrane phospholipids microorganisms. The results show that at each individual sampling occasion the four plant communities’ exhibits different soil microbial structure. However, the temporal variation is larger than the difference across plant communities. This temporal shift in microbial structure seems to be partially related to the fatty acid 18:2ω6, indicative of fungi, which show a high proportion in soils protected by snow and decreases after snow melt. Furthermore, the shift in microbial structure during the season is more modest in snowbeds than the mesic heath and meadow.
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| 5. |
- Björk, Robert G., 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Temporal variation in soil microbial communities in Alpine tundra
- 2008
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Ingår i: Soil Biology & Biochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0038-0717. ; 40:1, s. 266-268
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Temporal variation in soil microbial communities was studied at a mid-alpine environment in Latnjajaure, northern Sweden, using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis. The results show two seasonal shifts in microbial composition. The first shift was associated with snowmelt and mainly related to a decrease in fungal PLFAs, accompanied by an increase in branched 17:0 and methylated PLFAs (biomarkers for Gram-positive- and actinobacteria, respectively), resulting in a decrease in the ratio of fungi-to-bacteria. The second shift occurred across the growing, season, and was associated with a switch from shorter to longer PLFAs and an increase in 18:1 omega 7 (biomarker for Gram-negative bacteria). Vegetation, snow cover dynamics, and N turnover seem to be of minor importance to broadscale microbial community structure in this area. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 9. |
- Engkvist, Inga-Lill, et al.
(författare)
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Joint investigation of working conditions, environmental and system performance at recycling centres : Development of instruments and their usage
- 2010
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Ingår i: Applied Ergonomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-6870 .- 1872-9126. ; 41:3, s. 336-346
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recycling is a new and developing industry, which has only been researched to a limited extent. This article describes the development and use of instruments for data collection within a multidisciplinary research programme "Recycling centres in Sweden - working conditions, environmental and system performance". The overall purpose of the programme was to form a basis for improving the function of recycling centres with respect to these three perspectives and the disciplines of: ergonomics, safety, external environment, and production systems. A total of 10 instruments were developed for collecting data from employees, managers and visitors at recycling centres. including one instrument for observing visitors. Validation tests were performed in several steps. This, along with the quality of the collected data, and experience from the data collection, showed that the instruments and methodology used were valid and suitable for their purpose.
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| 10. |
- Engkvist, Inga-Lill, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Planera, utforma och driva en återvinningscentral
- 2009
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Denna bok baserar sig på de forskningsresultat och erfarenheter som kommit fram inom forskningsprogrammet ”Framtidens återvinningscentral” som är ett multidiciplinärt forskningsprogram som drivits vid Linköpings universitet under åren 2002-2007.Boken vänder sig till alla som är involverade vid planering, byggnation, ombyggnation och drift av återvinningscentraler. Dessa kan vara ansvariga inom kommuner, arkitekter, konsulter, arbetsledare på återvinningscentral, skyddsombud, fackliga förtroendemän med flera.
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