| 1. |
- Arnqvist, Goran, et al.
(författare)
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Falsk marknadsföring om hållbart skogsbruk
- 2022
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Ingår i: Svenska Dagbladet Debatt. - 1101-2412.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Dagens svenska skogsbruk är inte ekologiskt hållbart. Att saluföra det som hållbart är därför – för att tala klarspråk – falsk marknadsföring, skriver forskare.
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| 2. |
- Elvstam, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Virological failure and all-cause mortality in HIV-positive adults with low-level viremia during antiretroviral treatment
- 2017
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Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 12:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Although most HIV-infected individuals achieve undetectable viremia during antiretroviral therapy (ART), a subset have low-level viremia (LLV) of varying duration and magnitude. The impact of LLV on treatment outcomes is unclear. We investigated the association between LLV and virological failure and/or all-cause mortality among Swedish patients receiving ART. HIV-infected patients from two Swedish HIV centers were identified from the nationwide register InfCare HIV. Subjects aged >= 15 years with triple agent ART were included at 12 months after treatment initiation if >= 2 following viral load measurements were available. Patients with 2 consecutive HIV RNA values >= 1000 copies/mL at this time point were excluded. Participants were stratified into four categories depending on viremia profiles: permanently suppressed viremia (<50 copies/mL), LLV 50-199 copies/mL, LLV 200-999 copies/mL and viremia >= 1000 copies/mL. Association between all four viremia categories and all-cause death was calculated using survival analysis with viremia as a time-varying covariate, so that patients could change viremia category during follow-up. Association between the three lower categories and virological failure >= 2 consecutive measurements >= 1000 copies/mL) was calculated in a similar manner. LLV 50-199 copies/mL was recorded in 70/1015 patients (6.9%) and LLV 200-999 copies/mL in 89 (8.8%) during 7812 person-years of follow-up (median 6.5 years). LLV 200-999 copies/mL was associated with virological failure (adjusted hazard ratio 3.14 [95% confidence interval 1.41-7.03, p<0.01]), whereas LLV 50-199 copies/mL was not (1.01 [0.34-4.31, p = 0.99]; median follow-up 4.5 years). LLV 200-999 copies/mL had an adjusted mortality hazard ratio of 2.29 (0.98-5.32, p = 0.05) and LLV 50-199 copies/mL of 2.19 (0.90-5.37, p = 0.09). In this Swedish cohort followed during ART for a median of 4.5 years, LLV 200-999 copies/mL was independently associated with virological failure. Patients with LLV had higher rates of all-cause mortality, although not statistically significant in multivariate analysis.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Plymoth, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Socio-economic condition and lack of virological suppression among adults and adolescents receiving antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia
- 2020
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 15:12 December
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction The potential impact of socio-economic condition on virological suppression during antiretroviral treatment (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa is largely unknown. In this case-control study, we compared socio-economic factors among Ethiopian ART recipients with lack of virological suppression to those with undetectable viral load (VL). Methods Cases (VL>1000 copies/ml) and controls (VL<150 copies/ml) aged ≥15years, with ART for >6 months and with available VL results within the last 3 months, were identified from registries at public ART clinics in Central Ethiopia. Questionnaire-based interviews on socio-economic characteristics, health condition and transmission risk behavior were conducted. Univariate variables associated with VL>1000 copies/ml (p<0.25) were added to a multivariable logistic regression model. Results Among 307 participants (155 cases, 152 controls), 61.2% were female, and the median age was 38 years (IQR 32-46). Median HIV-RNA load among cases was 6, 904 copies/ml (IQR 2, 843-26, 789). Compared to controls, cases were younger (median 36 vs. 39 years; p = 0.004), more likely to be male (46.5% vs. 30.9%; p = 0.005) and had lower pre-ART CD4 cell counts (170 vs. 220 cells/μl; p = 0.009). In multivariable analysis of urban residents (94.8%), VL>1000 copies/ml was associated with lower relative wealth (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.98; 95% CI 1.49-5.94; p = 0.016), geographic work mobility (aOR 6.27, 95% CI 1.82-21.6; p = 0.016), younger age (aOR 0.94 [year], 95% CI 0.91-0.98; p = 0.011), longer duration of ART (aOR 1.19 [year], 95% CI 1.07-1.33; p = 0.020), and suboptimal (aOR 3.83, 95% CI 1.33-10.2; p = 0.048) or poor self-perceived wellbeing (aOR 9.75, 95% CI 2.85-33.4; p = 0.012), after correction for multiple comparisons. High-risk sexual behavior and substance use was not associated with lack of virological suppression. Conclusion Geographic work mobility and lower relative wealth were associated with lack of virological suppression among Ethiopian ART recipients in this predominantly urban population. These characteristics indicate increased risk of treatment failure and the need for targeted interventions for persons with these risk factors.
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