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| 2. |
- Sumaila, U. Rashid, et al.
(författare)
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WTO must ban harmful fisheries subsidies
- 2021
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 374:6567, s. 544-544
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Kilinc, D, et al.
(författare)
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Charge and topography patterned lithium niobate provides physical cues to fluidically isolated cortical axons
- 2017
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 110:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In vitro devices that combine chemotactic and physical cues are needed for understanding how cells integrate different stimuli. We explored the suitability of lithium niobate (LiNbO3), a transparent ferroelectric material that can be patterned with electrical charge domains and micro/ nanotopography, as a neural substrate. On flat LiNbO3 z-surfaces with periodically alternating charge domains, cortical axons are partially aligned with domain boundaries. On submicron-deep etched trenches, neurites are aligned with the edges of the topographical features. Finally, we bonded a bicompartmental microfluidic chip to LiNbO3 surfaces patterned by etching, to create isolated axon microenvironments with predefined topographical cues. LiNbO3 is shown to be an emerging neuron culture substrate with tunable electrical and topographical properties that can be integrated with microfluidic devices, suitable for studying axon growth and guidance mechanisms under combined topographical/chemical stimuli.
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| 4. |
- Blasiak, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Evolving Perspectives of Stewardship in the Seafood Industry
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Marine Science. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-7745. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Humanity has never benefited more from the ocean as a source of food, livelihoods, and well-being, yet on a global scale this has been accompanied by trajectories of degradation and persistent inequity. Awareness of this has spurred policymakers to develop an expanding network of ocean governance instruments, catalyzed civil society pressure on the public and private sector, and motivated engagement by the general public as consumers and constituents. Among local communities, diverse examples of stewardship have rested on the foundation of care, knowledge and agency. But does an analog for stewardship exist in the context of globally active multinational corporations? Here, we consider the seafood industry and its efforts to navigate this new reality through private governance. We examine paradigmatic events in the history of the sustainable seafood movement, from seafood boycotts in the 1970s through to the emergence of certification measures, benchmarks, and diverse voluntary environmental programs. We note four dimensions of stewardship in which efforts by actors within the seafood industry have aligned with theoretical concepts of stewardship, which we describe as (1) moving beyond compliance, (2) taking a systems perspective, (3) living with uncertainty, and (4) understanding humans as embedded elements of the biosphere. In conclusion, we identify emerging stewardship challenges for the seafood industry and suggest the urgent need to embrace a broader notion of ocean stewardship that extends beyond seafood.
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| 5. |
- Blasiak, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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The ocean genome and future prospects for conservation and equity
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature Sustainability. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2398-9629. ; 3, s. 588-596
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Life has evolved in the ocean for 3.7 billion years, resulting in a rich 'ocean genome', the ensemble of genetic material present in all marine biodiversity, including both the physical genes and the information they encode. Rapid advances in sequencing technologies and bioinformatics have enabled exploration of the ocean genome and are informing innovative approaches to conservation and a growing number of commercial biotechnology applications. However, the capacity to undertake genomic research and to access and use sequence data is inequitably distributed among countries, highlighting an urgent need to build capacity, promote inclusive innovation and increase access to affordable technologies. The ocean genome is the genetic material present in marine biodiversity. While technological advances are enabling exploration, conservation and innovation of this resource, the associated capacities are inequitably distributed among countries.
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| 6. |
- Blasiak, Wlodzimierz, et al.
(författare)
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"Flameless" oxyfuel combustion development for process improvement, emission reduction in furnaces and incinerators
- 2006
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Ingår i: Waste Management and the Environment III. - ASHURST, SOUTHAMPTON : WIT PRESS/COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS PUBLICATIONS. - 1845641736 ; , s. 247-256
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, the focus for the development of combustion technology focus has been set on the following main aims: fuel consumption reduction, nitrogen oxides emission reduction, increased productivity and product quality. Fuel consumption reduction has been reduced by as much as 30-40%, and also CO2 emission reduction was achieved by replacing combustion air with oxygen. To achieve very low emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx) the new combustion technology is characterised by: lower temperature of flame, more uniform temperature distribution and reduced concentration of oxygen as well as nitrogen inside the combustion chamber. As in this combustion technique a flame is replaced by a large chemical reaction zone and thus is often not visible the process was named as "flameless" combustion. "Flameless" combustion process that use oxygen, so called oxyfuel combustion, as well as its technical application is the subject of this work. The work presents a description and main features of the "flameless" oxyfuel combustion, results of laboratory tests of a new type of burner, REBOX (R), as well as examples of industrial applications including waste incineration are included.
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| 7. |
- Blasiak, W., et al.
(författare)
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Flameless oxyfuel combustion for fuel consumption and nitrogen oxides emissions reductions and productivity increase
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of the Energy Institute. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1743-9671 .- 1746-0220. ; 80:1, s. 3-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to achieve very low emission of nitrogen oxides, a 'flameless' combustion process that uses oxygen, the so called 'flameless oxyfuel' combustion, has been developed. This new combustion technology is characterised by a lower temperature flame, more uniform temperature distribution and low concentrations of oxygen as well as nitrogen inside the combustion chamber. This work presents a description and the main features of the flameless oxyfuel combustion, the effect of flame structure and temperature on the heat transfer, the comparison of flameless oxyfuel and flameless air fuel combustion results of laboratory tests of new type of flameless oxyfuel burner, as well as examples of industrial applications. This newly developed and applied combustion technology guarantees fuel consumption reduction ( thus CO2 reduction), increase in productivity as well as drastic reduction of nitrogen oxides emission when applied, for example, to thermal treatment processes of wastes, and to the recovery of zinc bearing feed in a rotary kiln.
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| 8. |
- Blasiak, Włodzimierz, et al.
(författare)
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Oxyfuel flameless combustion for fuel consumption and nitrogen oxides emissions reductions and productivity increase
- 2006
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Ingår i: A and WM, Annual International Conference on Incineration and Thermal Treatment Technologies. - 0923204849 - 9780923204846 ; , s. 668-685
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- During last years development of combustion technology focussed the following main aims: fuel consumption reduction, nitrogen oxides emission reduction, increase of productivity and product quality. Fuel savings up to 50%, thus also CO 2 emission reduction, was achieved by replacing combustion air with oxygen. To achieve very low emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx) the new combustion technology is characterised by: lower temperature of flame, more uniform temperature distribution and low concentration of oxygen as well as nitrogen inside combustion chamber. Because in such combustion a flame is replaced by a large chemical reaction zone and thus often is not visible the process was named as flameless combustion. Flameless combustion process with use of oxygen, so called oxyfuel combustion, as well as its technical application is subject of this work. This work presents description and main features of the flameless oxyfuel combustion, results of laboratory tests of new type of flameless oxyfuel burner, as well as examples of industrial applications. This newly developed and applied combustion technology guarantees fuel consumption reduction (thus CO 2 reduction), increase of productivity as well as drastic reduction of nitrogen oxides emission when applied for example to thermal treatment processes of wastes, and a recovery of zinc-bearing feed in a rotary kiln.
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| 9. |
- Donaj, Pawel J., et al.
(författare)
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Conversion of Industrially Processed Biomass Waste into Value-added Products Using High Temperature Agents
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Conference on Thermal Treatment Technologies and Hazardous Waste Combustors.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biomass can be utilized for energy and chemicals generation, gradually replacing the significance of fossil fuels. In this work the conversion of an industrially processed biomass waste (straw pellets) has been studied by means of High Temperature Steam Gasification (HTSG) and High Temperature Pyrolysis (HTP) at T=750-950oC and at three levels of steam to fuel ratio (S/F): 3.2; 1.875 and 0. The primary objectives are focused on a parametric study in which the emphasis is put on the influence of temperature and S/F on the reaction rate, conversion of carbon to gas, as well as yields, composition and heating value of generated Syngas. The results show the increasing trend in the reaction rate, hydrogen yield and tar cracking with an increase in agent temperature and S/F. However, this growth is significantly increased for the temperatures around 950oC. The yield of gas varied from 1.2 to 1.5 Nm3/kg for HTP to 1.5 to 2.5 Nm3/kg for HTSG and the LHV ranged between 8-13MJ/Nm3. At highest S/F the reduction of CO and hydrocarbons is observed even at 850oC yielding amount of hydrogen by 100% up to 38% compared with a lower S/F. Pyrolysis and lower S/F generated gas suitable for energetic purpose, whereas higher S/F for chemical synthesis.
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| 10. |
- Donaj, Pawel J., et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Pressure Drop Due to Grate-Bed Resistance on the Performance of a Downdraft Gasifier
- 2011
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Ingår i: Energy & Fuels. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0887-0624 .- 1520-5029. ; 25:11, s. 5366-5377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The grate-bed resistance coefficient appears to be an important operating parameter having a strong influence on the overall performance during downdraft fixed-bed gasification- it affects, directly, the velocity profile, temperature distribution, and height of the bed. To date no information on the pressure drop due to the grate-bed resistance has been found. The objective of this paper is to propose a correlation that can predict the total effectof pressure drop (caused by bed resistance and grate-bed resistance), through a grate of a certain surface porosity (open area/total area) covered by the porous bed. The term related to the grate-bed resistance is based on the effective grate porosity, which combined surface bed porosity with geometrical criteria of the grate. Based on this a new term has been integrated into the Ergun’s equation. The prediction has been validated within the experimental work conducted on a 0.7MW downdraft fixed-bed gasifier fueled with wood pellets. In this study, three grates of different porosities and thicknesses have been tested using various operating conditions. The predicted values of pressure drop showed a good agreement within the experimental results with ±7.10% of uncertainty. Although, the lower grate porosity, the higher conversion of fuel and heating value of gas is produced, the stability of the process is disturbed; therefore the grate porosity reduction below 20% is not recommended.
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