| 1. |
- Blomgren, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Få indikationer för antibiotikaprofylax
- 2009
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Ingår i: Tandläkartidningen. - : Sveriges Tandläkarförbund. - 0039-6982. ; 101:14, s. 50-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tandläkarnas förskrivning av antibiotika har ökat under senare år. Strama (Samverkan mot antibiotikaresistens) redovisar situationer där antibiotikaprofylax kan göra nytta och tillfällen då det inte har någon bevisad effekt.
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| 2. |
- Fritzell, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Absolute or relative? A comparative analysis of the relationship between poverty and mortality
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1661-8556 .- 1661-8564. ; 60:1, s. 101-110
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We aimed to examine the cross-national and cross-temporal association between poverty and mortality, in particular differentiating the impact of absolute and relative poverty. We employed pooled cross-sectional time series analysis. Our measure of relative poverty was based upon the standard 60 % of median income. The measure of absolute, or fixed, poverty was based upon the US poverty threshold. Our analyses were conducted on data for 30 countries between 1978 and 2010, a total of 149 data points. We separately studied infant, child, and adult mortality. Our findings highlight the importance of relative poverty for mortality. Especially for infant and child mortality, we found that our estimates of fixed poverty is close to zero either in the crude models, or when adjusting for gross domestic product. Conversely, the relative poverty estimates increased when adjusting for confounders. Our results seemed robust to a number of sensitivity tests. If we agree that risk of death is important, the public policy implication of our findings is that relative poverty, which has close associations to overall inequality, should be a major concern also among rich countries.
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| 3. |
- Altena, Renske, et al.
(författare)
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Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) PET Imaging of HER2-Low Breast Cancer with [ 68 Ga]Ga-ABY-025 : Results from a Pilot Study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Medicine. - : Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. - 0161-5505 .- 1535-5667. ; 65:5, s. 700-707
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients with HER2-low metastatic breast cancer (mBC), defined as an immunohistochemistry (IHC) score of 1+ or 2+ without HER2 gene amplification, may benefit from HER2 antibody-drug conjugates. Identifying suitable candidates is a clinical challenge because of spatial and temporal heterogeneity in HER2 expression and discrepancies in pathologic reporting. We aimed to investigate the feasibility and safety of HER2-specific PET imaging with [ 68 Ga]Ga-ABY-025 for visualization of HER2-low mBC.Methods: A prospective pilot study was done with 10 patients who had HER2-low mBC, as part of a phase 2 basket imaging study with [ 68 Ga]Ga-ABY-025 in HER2-expressing solid tumors. Patients were recruited at the Breast Clinic at the Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. PET/CT images were acquired 3 h after injection of 200 MBq of [ 68 Ga]Ga-ABY-025. The SUV max was used to quantify tracer uptake. Ultrasound-guided tumor biopsies were guided by results from the HER2 PET. The main outcome-the safety and feasibility of HER2 PET in patients with HER2low mBC, measured the occurrence of possible procedure -related adverse events.Results: Ten patients with HER2-low mBC underwent [ 68 Ga]Ga-ABY-025 PET/CT with paired tumor biopsies. No adverse events occurred. In all patients, [ 68 Ga]Ga-ABY-025-avid lesions with substantial intra- and interindividual heterogeneity in tracer uptake were noted. In 8 of 10 patients with ABY-025-avid lesions, the HER2low status of the corresponding lesions was confirmed by IHC or in situ hybridization. Two patients had an IHC score of 0 in the tumor biopsies:1 in a cutaneous lesion with a low SUV max and 1 in a liver metastasis with a high SUV max but a "cold" core.Conclusion: The visualization of HER2-low mBC with [ 68 Ga]Ga-ABY-025 PET/CT was feasible and safe. Areas of tracer uptake showed varying levels of HER2 expression on IHC. The observed intra- and interindividual heterogeneity in [ 68 Ga]Ga-ABY-025 uptake suggested that HER2 PET might be used as a tool for the noninvasive assessment of disease heterogeneity and has the potential to identify patients in whom HER2-targeted drugs can have a clinical benefit.
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| 4. |
- Blomgren, Johan
(författare)
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Den lilla världen
- 2016
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Blomgren, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Decentralized market-based radio resource management in multi-network environments
- 2007
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Ingår i: IEEE VTS VEH TECHNOL CONF. - 9781424402656 ; , s. 2884-2889
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- For voice, an efficient radio resource management (RRM) essentially boils down to providing a predefined signal to interference ratio (SIR) at lowest cost possible and centralized schemes has, evidently, been an effective approach to address these problems. Delay-elastic data services, however, introduce both heterogeneous user requirements and possibilities for opportunistic RRM. One way, among others,to handle this would be to let autonomous trade-agents, acting on behalf of users, manage the radio resources, and this is our point of departure. We propose a market-based framework for decentralized RRM in environments populated by multiple, possibly heterogeneous, "access points" (APs), and the provided service for the users consists of file transfers. Resources (transmission time) are partitioned between users through a proportionally fair divisible auction. The problem at hand for the user (trade-agent), is then to determine how much resources it should purchase from the different APs in order to maximize its utility ("value for money"). Our results indicate that decentralized selfish bidding strategies are able to capitalize on temporary beneficial conditions and offer comparable performance with a centralized scheme (based on the 'mu C-rule') that requires knowledge about peak data-rates, queue lengths, and preferences for all users in the system.
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| 6. |
- Blomgren, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Demand-responsive pricing in open wireless access markets
- 2007
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Ingår i: IEEE VTS VEH TECHNOL CONF. - 9781424402656 ; , s. 2990-2995
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Radio resource management (RRM) across operator boundaries is emerging as a salient feature for wireless systems beyond 3G. Until recently, research has been confined to solutions where cooperating networks enter explicit sharing agreements that define how responsibilities and revenues should be divided. An alternative would be to share the infrastructure implicitly by establishing an open wireless access market wherein networks not only compete for users on a long-term time-scale, but also on a much shorter time-base. This could be realized with an architecture where autonomous trade-agents, that reside in terminals and access points (APs), manage the resources through negotiations. In this paper we develop a framework for studying demand-responsive pricing in contexts where APs with overlapping coverage compete for users. Resources are partitioned through a proportional fair divisible auction and our aim is to establish if, and when, an open market for wireless access can be se sustained. Compared to a scenario where APs cooperate, our results show that, an open access market results in better services at lower price which in the prolonging also yields more satisfied customers. As an effect demand will increase and, from the perspective of the APs, act as a counterbalance to the reduced prices. Thus, the revenue earned by the AN will be comparable to the one in which obtained through AP cooperation and monopoly (cartel) pricing. Generally speaking, the difference between the cooperative and noncooperative RRM is small when the demand is concave and increases with the convexity of demand.
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| 7. |
- Blomgren, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Distributed demand-aware access selection in wireless multi-cell data networks
- 2007
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Ingår i: 2007 IEEE 18th International Symposium On Personal, Indoor And Mobile Radio Communications. - 9781424411436 ; , s. 2888-2892
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Regardless of advances in transmission technology, wireless broadband access will result in that fewer active users can be supported in a given cell. This may, due to lower levels of statistical multiplexing, yield in an unbalanced network. For such contexts load aware access point (AP) selection (load balancing) has been proposed as a means to increase network performance. This paper evaluates the downlink capacity (maximum number of users that can be admitted given a throughput requirement) of distributed load aware AP selection criteria for a well planned network, where the expected number of users per cell coincide. We propose a market based algorithm in which AP selection is aided by market mechanisms. In contrast to most of the existing research, we account for that interference levels generated in different cells depend on user assignment, and therefore varies as terminals perform handoff. Compared to single-frequency systems where users base their selection on the received signal strength our results show that the downlink capacity can be increased with around 25 percent by introducing a channel plan in combination with demand, or load, aware AP selection criteria. This gain is fairly insensitive to the throughput requirement and does not come at the expense of uplink performance. To benefit from demand metrics it is, however, of paramount importance that the entire system bandwidth is not reused in all cells.
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| 8. |
- Blomgren, Roger, et al.
(författare)
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Biblioteksgeografin
- 2022
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Eklund, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Discursive shifts in the Swedish parliament
- 2021
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work in progress aims to perform a comprehensive analysis of digital data publicly available from the Swedish parliament, such as motions, interpellations, and protocols from discussions in the plenum. To this end, we will use methods based on computational linguistics, such as topic modeling, word embeddings, and sentiment analysis, to identify prominent discourses corresponding to co-occurrence patterns of the words used. Using data from the early 1970s and onward, this project will involve a chronological examination of semantic and discursive changes with regard to topics such as equality, neutrality, the EU, the monarchy, immigration, climate change, and cultural policy. One research question that will be investigated in relation to this analysis is to what extent discursive changes can be detected within specific political parties, and what historical and political reasons can be posited to underlie these changes.Another research question focuses on scientometric aspects of how scholarly research is used to support claims made in the political discussion. With regard to this question, we will more specifically investigate the conceptual aspects of the texts surrounding citations (so-called citances) which will be mined for information such as what research is referred to in terms of individuals, position, disciplinary affiliations, and active research topics. In these citances, the significant content is often present as latent references that require further elucidation, together with an analysis of the sentiments expressed in the argumentation. This analysis will be further enhanced by investigating the usage of hedge terms that may indicate a level of uncertainty about the cited research.
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| 10. |
- Ekman, Bertil, et al.
(författare)
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A randomised double blind crossover study comparing two and four dose hydrocortisone regimen with regard to quality for life, cortisol and ACTH profiles in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency
- 2012
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Ingår i: Clinical Endocrinology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0300-0664 .- 1365-2265. ; 77:1, s. 18-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ContextCurrent guidelines on how to divide the daily cortisol substitution dose in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) are controversial and mainly based on empirical data.ObjectiveTo assess how an equal dose of hydrocortisone given either four times daily or twice daily influence diurnal profiles of cortisol and ACTH, patient preferences and health related quality of life (HRQoL).DesignDouble blind, crossover.MethodsFifteen patients with PAI (6 women) were included. Capsules of hydrocortisone or placebo were given at 07:00, 12:00, 16:00 and 22:00 h in 4-week treatment periods: either one period with four doses (10+10+5+5 mg) or one period with two doses (20+0+10+0 mg). Diurnal profiles of cortisol and ACTH were collected and area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. Questionnaires were used to evaluate patient preferences and HRQoL.ResultsThe four-dose regimen gave a higher serum cortisol before tablet intake in the morning (P = 0.027) and a higher 24-h-cortisolAUC (P < 0.0001) compared with the two-dose period. In contrast a lower median plasma ACTH in the morning before tablet intake (P = 0.003) and a lower 24-h-ln(ACTHAUC) were found during the four-dose period. The patients preferred the four-dose regimen (P = 0.03), and the HRQoL scores tended to be higher (high score indicates better HRQoL) for the four-dose period.In summary a four-dose regimen gives increased availability of cortisol and an enhanced effect with a less elevated ACTH in the morning in comparison with a two-dose regimen but the effect on HRQoL remains inconclusive.
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