| 1. |
- Nilsson, Markus, et al.
(författare)
-
Mapping prostatic microscopic anisotropy using linear and spherical b-tensor encoding : A preliminary study
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0740-3194 .- 1522-2594. ; 86:4, s. 2025-2033
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Tensor-valued diffusion encoding provides more specific information than conventional diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), but has mainly been applied in neuroimaging studies. This study aimed to assess its potential for the imaging of prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: Seventeen patients with histologically proven PCa were enrolled. DWI of the prostate was performed with linear and spherical tensor encoding using a maximal b-value of 1.5 ms/µm2 and a voxel size of 3 × 3 × 4 mm3. The gamma-distribution model was used to estimate the mean diffusivity (MD), the isotropic kurtosis (MKI), and the anisotropic kurtosis (MKA). Regions of interest were placed in MR-defined cancerous tissues, as well as in apparently healthy tissues in the peripheral and transitional zones (PZs and TZs). Results: DWI with linear and spherical encoding yielded different image contrasts at high b-values, which enabled the estimation of MKA and MKI. Compared with healthy tissue (PZs and TZs combined) the cancers displayed a significantly lower MD (P <.05), higher MKI (P < 10−5), and lower MKA (P <.05). Compared with the TZ, tissue in the PZ showed lower MD (P < 10−3) and higher MKA (P < 10−3). No significant differences were found between cancers of different Gleason scores, possibly because of the limited sample size. Conclusion: Tensor-valued diffusion encoding enabled mapping of MKA and MKI in the prostate. The elevated MKI in PCa compared with normal tissues suggests an elevated heterogeneity in the cancers. Increased in-plane resolution could improve tumor delineation in future studies.
|
|
| 2. |
- Olander, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
-
Angiosarcoma in the breast: a population-based cohort from Sweden
- 2023
-
Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : Oxford University Press. - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 110:12, s. 1850-1856
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Breast angiosarcoma is a rare disease mostly observed in breast cancer (BC) patients who have previously received radiotherapy (RT). Little is known about angiosarcoma aetiology, management, and outcome. The study aim was to estimate risk and to characterize breast angiosarcoma in a Swedish population-based cohort. Methods: The Swedish Cancer Registry was searched for breast angiosarcoma between 1992 and 2018 in three Swedish healthcare regions (population 5.5 million). Information on previous BC, RT, management, and outcome were retrieved from medical records. Results: Overall, 49 angiosarcomas located in the breast, chest wall, or axilla were identified, 8 primary and 41 secondary to BC treatment. Median age was 51 and 73 years, respectively. The minimum latency period of secondary angiosarcoma after a BC diagnosis was 4 years (range 4–21 years). The cumulative incidence of angiosarcoma after breast RT increased continuously, reaching 1.4‰ after 20 years. Among 44 women with angiosarcoma treated by surgery, 29 developed subsequent local recurrence. Median recurrence-free survival was 3.4 and 1.8 years for primary and secondary angiosarcoma, respectively. The 5-year overall survival probability for the whole cohort was 50 per cent (95 per cent c.i., 21 per cent–100 per cent) for primary breast angiosarcoma and 35 per cent (95 per cent c.i., 23 per cent–54 per cent) for secondary angiosarcoma. Conclusion: Breast angiosarcoma is a rare disease strongly associated with a history of previous BC RT. Overall survival is poor with high rates of local recurrences and distant metastasis.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Andersson, Petra, et al.
(författare)
-
Investigation of fire emissions from Li-ion batteries
- 2013
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report presents an investigation on gases emitted during Lithium-ion battery fires. Details of the calibration of an FTIR instrument to measure HF, POF3 and PF5 gases are provided as background to the minimum detection limits for each species. The use of FTIR in tests has been verified by repeating experiments reported in the literature. The study reports on gases emitted both after evaporation and after ignition of the electrolyte fumes. Tests were conducted where electrolyte is injected into a propane flame and the influence of the addition of water is studied. Finally three types of battery cells were burnt and emission of fluorine and/or phosphorous containing species quantified.
|
|
| 6. |
- Andersson, Petra, et al.
(författare)
-
Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to determine toxic gases in fires with lithium-ion batteries
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Fire and Materials. - : Wiley. - 0308-0501 .- 1099-1018. ; 40:8, s. 999-1015
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Batteries, in particular lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, are seen as an alternative to fossil fuels in the automotive sector. Li-ion batteries, however, have some safety issues including possible emissions of toxic fluorine-containing compounds during fire and other abuse situations. This paper demonstrates the possibilities to use the Fourier transform infrared technique to assess some of the most important compounds, including hydrogen fluoride and the far less often measured POF3 and PF5. The study is conducted in the cone calorimeter with different solvents used in Li-ion batteries. The measurements show that, in addition to hydrogen fluoride, with a known high toxicity, POF3 is emitted and can be quantified using Fourier transform infrared.
|
|
| 7. |
- Arvidsson, Anna K, et al.
(författare)
-
Klimatanpassning av vägkonstruktion, drift och underhåll
- 2012
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Klimatförändringarna är en realitet och påverkar vårt samhälle och därigenom även våra transporter. Genom att klimatanpassa transportsystemen blir systemen mer robusta och risken för transportstörningar blir mindre. För vägars konstruktion, drift och underhåll innebär klimatanpassningen i de flesta fall relativt stora förändringar men det saknas idag en övergripande bild av det totala klimatanpassningsbehovet nationellt sett samt vilka åtgärder som behöver tas och som är rimliga att tas. Eftersom klimatförändringarna generellt varierar mellan Sveriges klimatzoner är det förenat med stora svårigheter att förutsäga vilken påverkan klimatförändringarna får på vägarnas beteende och livslängd. Inom vinterväghållningen i Sverige kommer saltanvändandet totalt sett att minska på grund av det varmare klimatet. Plogningstillfällena kommer antagligen minska, men beredskapen bör inte minskas för mycket eftersom de mer extrema tillfällena kommer att öka. För att lyckas klimatanpassa vägtransportsystemen så att de blir robusta konstaterar vi att det finns ett stort behov för att ta fram mer kunskap om vägkonstruktionens påverkan av ett förändrat klimat, samt inom drift och underhåll hur man skall anpassa sig genom olika typer av varierande och flexibla klimatanpassningsåtgärder och till effekterna av extrema väderhändelser.
|
|
| 8. |
- Blomqvist, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Understanding the catalytic effects of H(2)S on CVD-growth of alpha-alumina : Thermodynamic gas-phase simulations and density functional theory
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Surface & Coatings Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0257-8972 .- 1879-3347. ; 206:7, s. 1771-1779
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The catalytic effect of H(2)S on the AlCl(3)/H(2)/CO(2)/HCl chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process has been investigated on an atomistic scale. We apply a combined approach with thermodynamic modeling and density functional theory and show that H(2)S acts as mediator for the oxygenation of the AI-surface which will in turn increase the growth rate of Al(2)O(3). Furthermore we suggest surface terminations for the three investigated surfaces. The oxygen surface is found to be hydrogenated, in agreement with a number of previous works. The aluminum surfaces are Cl-terminated in the studied CVD-process. Furthermore, we find that the AlClO molecule is a reactive transition state molecule which interacts strongly with the aluminum and oxygen surfaces.
|
|
| 9. |
- Blomqvist, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Understanding the catalytic effects of H2S on CVD-growth of α-alumina : Thermodynamic gas-phase simulations and density functional theory
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films (ICMCTF) — ICMCTF 2011. - : Elsevier BV. ; 206:7, s. 1771-1779
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The catalytic effect of H2S on the AlCl3/H2/CO2/HCl chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process has been investigated on an atomistic scale. We apply a combined approach with thermodynamic modeling and density functional theory and show that H2S acts as mediator for the oxygenation of the Al-surface which will in turn increase the growth rate of Al2O3. Furthermore we suggest surface terminations for the three investigated surfaces. The oxygen surface is found to be hydrogenated, in agreement with a number of previous works. The aluminum surfaces are Cl-terminated in the studied CVD-process. Furthermore, we find that the AlClO molecule is a reactive transition state molecule which interacts strongly with the aluminum and oxygen surfaces.
|
|
| 10. |
- Blomqvist, Fredrik Lennart Rune, 1947, et al.
(författare)
-
Platelet aggregation in healthy women during normal pregnancy - a longitudinal study.
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Platelets. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1369-1635 .- 0953-7104. ; 30:4, s. 438-444
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased platelet activation is involved in obstetric complications such as preeclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation. It is of interest to study platelet aggregation during pregnancy, since increased aggregation theoretically could be a mechanism associated with placenta-mediated complications, which possibly could be prevented by drugs inhibiting platelet aggregation. There are, however, few robust studies describing platelet aggregation during normal pregnancy. The present longitudinal study was performed in order to study platelet aggregation during normal pregnancy resulting in a healthy child, during the puerperium and in nonpregnant, fertile women. Healthy, nonsmoking, pregnant women (n=104), aged under 39years and with BMI <35, were followed during pregnancy and postpartum. Twenty-seven nonpregnant, non-puerperal, fertile women were studied for comparison. Platelet aggregation was determined with multiple electrode impedance aggregometry and analyzed at inclusion, 4 times during pregnancy and after at least 3 months postpartum. Platelet aggregation postpartum was compared with gestational weeks 8-15 and 37-40, respectively, and with nonpregnant, fertile women. Hemoglobin, leucocyte count, platelet count, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time were determined at inclusion in order to verify normal hemostasis. Activation of platelets by arachidonic acid, adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and thrombin receptor activating peptide (trap-6) resulted in less aggregation during pregnancy, compared with postpartum (p<0.03-<0.001). Platelet aggregation following activation by collagen was unchanged. A minor increase in aggregation as pregnancy continued was found related to ADP (p<0.021). Positive correlations were found between platelet counts and platelet aggregation. Postpartum platelet aggregation after activation with arachidonic acid, collagen, and trap-6 was lower than in the non-puerperal fertile state. Other hemostatic analyses were normal. In conclusion, there is a minor decrease in platelet aggregation after activation with arachidonic acid, trap-6, and ADP, measured with multiple electrode impedance aggregometry during normal pregnancy resulting in healthy babies, compared with the postpartum period. The small changes in platelet aggregation may be a consequence of a minor decrease in platelet count and probably lack clinical significance under normal conditions. Interindividual variations at certain time-points are substantial, which limits the usefulness of the multiple electrode impedance aggregometry for determining minor changes in platelet function.
|
|
