| 1. |
- Bodén, Ida, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Characterization of healthy skin using near infrared spectroscopy and skin impedance
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0140-0118 .- 1741-0444. ; 46:10, s. 985-995
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and skin impedance (IMP) spectroscopy are two methods suggested for diagnoses of diseases inducing adverse effects in skin. The reproducibility of these methods and their potential value in non-invasive diagnostics were investigated. Measurements were performed in vivo on healthy skin at five anatomic body sites on eight young women. partial least squares discriminant analysis showed that both methods were useful for classification of the skin characteristics at the sites. Inter-individually the NIR model gave 100% correct classification while the IMP model provided 92%. Intra-individually the NIR model gave 88% correct classification whereas the IMP model did not provide any useful classification. The correct classification was increased to 93% when both datasets were combined, which demonstrates the value of adding information. Partial least squares discriminant analysis gave 72% correct predictions of skin sites while the combined model slightly improved to 73%.
|
|
| 2. |
- Bodén, Ida, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
In vivo skin measurements with a novel probe head for simultaneous skin impedance and near-infrared spectroscopy
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Skin research and technology. - : Wiley. - 0909-752X .- 1600-0846. ; 17:4, s. 494-504
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/purpose: Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and skin impedance (IMP) measurements are useful techniques for objective diagnostics of various skin diseases. Here, we present a combined probe head for simultaneous, time-saving NIR spectroscopy and skin impedance measurements. The probe also ensures that both measurements are performed under equal conditions and at the same skin location.Methods: Finite element method simulations were performed for evaluation of the impedance. In vivo skin measurements were performed and combined NIR and impedance spectra were analysed by means of multivariate methods with respect to body location, age and gender. The classification rate was determined by a planar discriminant analysis. Reproducibility was investigated by calculation of scatter values and statistical significance between overlapping groups was assessed by the calculation of intra-model distances, q.Results: The novel probe yielded rapid reproducible results and was easy to manage. Significant differences between skin locations and to a lesser extent age groups and gender were demonstrated.Conclusion: With the novel probe, statistically significant differences between overlapping classes in score plots can be confirmed by calculating intra-model distances. The influence of molecular differences in the skin at different body locations is larger than the influence of gender or age and therefore relevant reference measurements are discussed.
|
|
| 3. |
- Bodén, Ida, 1977-
(författare)
-
Near infrared and skin impedance spectroscopic in vivo measurements on human skin : development of a diagnostic tool for skin cancer
- 2011
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Every year approximately 2800 Swedes are diagnosed with malignant melanoma, the form of cancer that is most rapidly increasing in incidence in the Western world. The earlier we can identify and diagnose a malignant melanoma, the better is the prognosis. In Sweden, 155 000 benign naevi, harmless skin tumours or moles, are surgically excised each year, many of them because melanoma cannot be dismissed by non-invasive methods. The excisions result in substantial medical costs and cause unrest and suffering of the individual patient. For untrained physicians, it is often difficult to make an accurate diagnosis of melanoma, thus a tool that could help to strengthen the diagnosis of suspected melanomas would be highly valuable. This thesis describes the development and assessment of a non-invasive method for early skin cancer detection. Using near infrared (NIR) and skin impedance spectroscopy, healthy and diseased skin of various subjects was examined to develop a new instrument for detecting malignant melanoma. Due to the complex nature of skin and the numerous variables involved, the spectroscopic data were analysed multivariately using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and partial leas square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The reproducibility of the measurements was determined by calculating Scatter Values (SVs), and the significance of separations between overlapping groups in score plots was determined by calculating intra-model distances. The studies indicate that combining skin impedance and NIR spectroscopy measurements adds value, therefore a new probe-head for simultaneous NIR and skin impedance measurements was introduced. Using both spectroscopic techniques it was possible to separate healthy skin at one body location from healthy skin at another location due to the differences in skin characteristics at various body locations. In addition, statistically significant differences between overlapping groups of both age and gender in score plots were detected. However, the differences in skin characteristics at different body locations had stronger effects on the measurements than both age and gender. Intake of coffee and alcohol prior to measurement did not significantly influence the outcome data. Measurements on dysplastic naevi were significantly separated in a score plot and the influence of diseased skin was stronger than that of body location. This was confirmed in a study where measurements were performed on 12 malignant melanomas, 19 dysplastic naevi and 19 benign naevi. The malignant melanomas were significantly separated from both dysplastic naevi and benign naevi. Overall, the presented findings show that the instrument we have developed provides fast, reproducible measurements, capable of distinguishing malignant melanoma from dysplastic naevi and benign naevi non-invasively with 83% sensitivity and 95% specificity. Thus, the results are highly promising and the instrument appears to have high potential diagnostic utility.
|
|
| 4. |
- Bodén, Ida, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
NIR and skin impedance spectroscopic measurements for studying the effect of coffee and alcohol on skin, and dysplastic naevi
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Skin research and technology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0909-752X .- 1600-0846. ; 18:4, s. 486-494
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/purpose: Near infrared (NIR) and impedance spectroscopy can be used for clinical skin measurements and need to be evaluated for possible confounding factors; (a) are skin conditions of the patient and the subsequent skin measurements influenced by alcohol and/or coffee consumption and (b) are measurements of dysplastic naevi (DN) reproducible over time and significantly different compared to reference skin.Methods: NIR and skin impedance spectroscopic data were analysed multivariately. In the first study, the skin characteristics of 15 healthy individuals were examined related to body location, gender, individual differences, and consumption of coffee or alcohol. The second study included five patients diagnosed with dysplastic naevi syndrome (DNS). Measurements were taken on DN and reference skin over time.Results: In the first study, body location and gender had a major influence on measurement scores. Inter-individual skin characteristics and coffee or alcohol effects on skin characteristics were of minor importance. In the second study, it was shown that DN can be differentiated from reference skin and the measurements are stable over time.Conclusions: Moderate consumption of alcohol and coffee did not influence the results of the measurements. It is possible to follow, stable or changed, characteristics of DN over time.
|
|
| 5. |
- Bodén, Ida, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Non-invasive identification of melanoma with near-infrared and skin impedance spectroscopy
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Skin research and technology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0909-752X .- 1600-0846. ; 19:1, s. e473-e478
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/purpose: An early diagnosis of cutaneous malignant melanoma is of high importance for good prognosis. An objective, non-invasive instrument could improve the diagnostic accuracy of melanoma and decrease unnecessary biopsies. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of Near infrared and skin impedance spectroscopy in combination as a tool to distinguish between malignant and benign skin tumours.Methods: Near infrared and skin impedance spectra were collected in vivo on 50 naevi or suspect melanomas prior to excision. Received data was analysed with multivariate techniques and the results were compared to histopathology analyses of the tumours. A total of 12 cutaneous malignant melanomas, 19 dysplastic naevi and 19 benign naevi were included in the study.Results: The observed sensitivity and specificity of the proposed method were 83% and 95%, respectively, for malignant melanoma.Conclusions: The results indicate that the combination of near infrared and skin impedance spectroscopy is a promising tool for non-invasive diagnosis of suspect cutaneous malignant melanomas.
|
|
| 6. |
- Edvall Malm, Disa, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
-
FATI : Utvärdering 2004 - 2014
- 2015
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sundsvalls kommun har årligen sedan 2009 avsatt förvaltningsgemensamma medel till FATI, Förebyggande Arbete och Tidiga Insatser. Medlen syftar till att skapa trygga och goda uppväxtförhållanden för barn och unga. Dessutom också att förstärka och skapa samverkan inom och mellan förvaltningar och mellan kommun och externa aktörer. Medlen kan sökas av kommunala verksamheter, föreningar och frivilliga organisationer.Utvärderingen av FATI pågick från september 2014 till och med januari 2015. Syftet med utvärderingen var att analysera och värdera ifall de sociala investeringar, som gjorts inom ramen för FATI, uppnått målsättningarna med goda och trygga uppväxtförhållanden samt stimulerat till samverkan. Utvärderingen har ett vetenskapligt upplägg och kan ligga till grund för kommunens fortsatta arbete med sociala investeringar.Både effekter av och processer inom FATI har studerats. För utvärderingens kvantitativa del har befintlig data som skulle kunna mäta uppväxtförhållanden kartlagts och beräkningar gjorts. För utvärderingens kvalitativa del samlades materialet in genom granskning av kommunens dokument samt intervjuer med politiker, tjänstemän och projektledare. Programteori har använts för att lyfta fram underliggande antaganden om hur FATI är tänkt att fungera och hur det fungerar.Några centrala resultat av utvärderingen är att:FATI-arbetet i Sundsvall inneburit en långsiktig politisk satsning som gett omfattande samverkan i bostadsområdena mellan ett starkt föreningsliv, civilsamhället och lokala kommunala aktörer.Sundsvalls kommun har sedan 2009 satsat 27 miljoner i drygt 80 olika projekt.FATI har genom åren har haft stor betydelse för de barn och unga som berörts av medlen. De som deltagit har fått: bättre självkänsla, provat olika idrotter, spelat musik, teater och målat, samt kunnat delta i aktiviteter efter skolan oberoende av föräldrarnas betalningsförmåga. De har fått möjlighet att närma sig olika föreningar och många har blivit förenings aktiva. Som resursutjämningsystem har FATI fungerat på generell nivå mellan bostadsområdena, områden med lägst socioekonomiska förutsättningar har fått flest projekt. Däremot behöver FATI kompletteras för att fungera resursutjämnande på individnivå. Styrning/organisering, resursfördelning, metodutveckling och utvärdering/uppföljning är komponenter som är förutsättningar för att kommuner ska lyckas med sociala investeringar. Sundsvalls kommun har genom FATI arbetet utvecklat goda rutiner för dessa komponenter.
|
|
