| 1. |
- Ahlqvist, Margary, et al.
(författare)
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Handling of peripheral intravenous cannulae : effects of evidence-based clinical guidelines.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 15:11, s. 1354-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: This study aimed at evaluating the outcome of implemented evidence-based clinical guidelines by means of surveying the frequency of thrombophlebitis, nurses' care, handling and documentation of peripheral intravenous cannulae. BACKGROUND: Peripheral intravenous cannulae are frequently used for vascular access and, thereby, the patients will be exposed to local and systemic infectious complications. Evidence-based knowledge of how to prevent these complications and how to care for patients with peripheral intravenous cannula is therefore of great importance. Deficient care, handling and documentation of peripheral intravenous cannulae have previously been reported. DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey was conducted by a group of nurses at three wards at a university hospital before and after the implementation of the evidence-based guidelines. METHOD: A structured observation protocol was used to review the frequency of thrombophlebitis, the nurses' care, handling and the documentation of peripheral intravenous cannulae in the patient's record. RESULTS: A total of 107 and 99 cannulae respectively were observed before and after the implementation of the guidelines. The frequency of peripheral intravenous cannulae without signs of thrombophlebitis increased by 21% (P < 0.01) and the use of cannula size 0.8 mm increased by 22% (P < 0.001). Nurses' documentation of peripheral intravenous cannula improved significantly (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: We conclude that implementation of the guidelines resulted in significant improvements by means of decreased frequency of signs of thrombophlebitis, increased application of smaller cannula size (0.8 mm), as well as of the nurses' documentation in the patient's record. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Further efforts to ameliorate care and handling of peripheral intravenous cannulae are needed. This can be done by means of increasing nurses' knowledge and recurrent quality reviews. Well-informed patients can also be more involved in the care than is common today.
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| 2. |
- Bogren, Alexandra, 1976-
(författare)
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Female Licentiousness versus Male Escape? : Essays on Intoxicating Substance Use, Sexuality and Gender
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this thesis is to study cultural aspects of alcohol and drug use in Sweden, and also to some extent in other countries. In the context of changing patterns of drinking and drug use in Sweden and in the rest of the world, such studies are increasingly important.The thesis comprises four self-contained but interrelated studies. Each study, in different ways, addresses the question of cultural variation (within and between cultures) and the cultural position of intoxicating substances. Acknowledging that young people’s use of intoxicating substances as well as women’s and men’s use of such substances are important social policy issues, each of the four studies also relates to the position of either young people or the position of gender with regard to intoxicating substance use.Study 1 investigates what it means to drink, take drugs and become intoxicated as understood from the official-organizational perspective of the FMN’s (Parents Against Drugs’) 2003 campaign directed towards teenagers´ parents. As a contrast to the hegemonic perspective presented by the organization in Study 1, Study 2 explicitly tries to find and describe different lines of reasoning with regard to alcohol use and intoxication among young people.Study 3 investigates the link – so commonly referred to in the Western world – between drinking, drug use and intoxication, on the one hand, and sexuality and gender, on the other. Study 3 further tries to grasp why women who drink are considered bad both because they violate the norms of feminine appearance and because they are perceived as sexually promiscuous and “available”. Study 4 focuses on cultural variation in the intoxication – sexuality link. It uses cross-country comparisons and multiple regression analysis of data from 11 countries within and outside the West to examine the link between positive expectancies about the effects of drinking on sexual feelings, on the one hand, and drinking, on the other.
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| 3. |
- Bogren, Karin M., et al.
(författare)
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Dynamic-mechanical properties of wood-fibre reinforced polyactide : experimental characterization and micro-mechanical modelling
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials. - : SAGE Publications. - 0892-7057 .- 1530-7980. ; 19:6, s. 613-638
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wood-fiber reinforced polylactide is a biodegradable compositewhere both fibers and matrix are from renewableresources. When designing new materials of this kind, itis useful to measure the influence of fiber–matrixinterface properties on macroscopic mechanicalproperties. In particular, a quantitative measure of thedynamic stress transfer between the fibers andthe matrix when the material is subjected tocyclic loading would simplify the development of wood-fibercomposites. This is obtained by comparing themechanical dissipation of the composite with avalue predicted by a viscoelastic micromechanical model basedon perfect interfacial stress transfer. Theloss factors predicted by the model are 0.12 and 0.16 at dryand humid conditions, respectively, which amountto 63 and 66% of the experimentally determinedvalues. For Young's moduli the predicted values are 1.01 and0.88 GPa, which correspond to 92% of the experimentallydetermined values. The mismatch between thepredicted and experimental values may be attributed toimperfect interfaces with restrained stress transfer.Loss factors are also determined for specificmolecular bonds using dynamic Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) spectroscopy. These values show the sametrends with regard to moisture content as themacroscopically determined loss factors.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Larsson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Introducing waterbirth in a university hospital setting in Sweden: A qualitative study of midwives' experiences.
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Journal of Midwifery. - 2585-2906. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Waterbirth is a popular and increasing care option in several countries but is still debated. In Sweden, there are challenges in the process of reintroducing waterbirth after decades of interruption invoked by a dissuasion. The aim of this study was to explore factors affecting midwives' provision of waterbirth at a university birthing clinic in Sweden.A qualitative research design was used with three focus group interviews with 18 midwives at three birthing units. The data were analyzed using the principles of inductive content analysis.The midwives in the study expressed positive attitudes and potentiality about waterbirth, contributing to their desire to support physiological birth. However, obstacles were also disclosed, maiming waterbirth evolvement. Hence, two categories emerged, promoting factors and obstructing factors. The subcategories were: Provides a good experience whilst promoting physiological birth; Increased knowledge and information about waterbirth; Support from management; Updated guidelines; Ergonomic challenges; Lacking practical conditions; Lack of knowledge; Paradigm conflicts; and Limiting guidelines.The study concluded that midwives recognized both promoting and obstructing factors affecting the provision of waterbirth. The predominant factor highlighted was the care-culture, with a clear distinction between a risk-focused, medicalized approach that inhibits waterbirth and a salutogenic perspective advocating for it. This dichotomy underscores the importance of providing opportunities that support women's choices to facilitate an empowering birth experience.
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| 6. |
- Madianos, Phoebus, et al.
(författare)
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EFP Delphi study on the trends in Periodontology and Periodontics in Europe for the year 2025
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 43:6, s. 472-481
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim was to assess the potential trends in Periodontology and Periodontics in Europe that might be anticipated by the year 2025, using the Delphi method. Material and Methods: The expert opinion of 120 experts was sought through the use of an open-ended questionnaire, developed by an advisory group, containing 40 questions concerning the various trends in periodontology Results: The experts (113 responders) expect a stabilization of the prevalence of periodontitis, both for the chronic as well as the aggressive cases, but an increase in implant-related diseases up to the year 2025. Concurrently, the importance of implants is seen to be increasing. They foresee an increased demand for postgraduate periodontology and implantology training. This is mirrored in an increase in publications for implant dentistry and increase in demand and need for training. Concerning the patients, better-informed individuals seeking more routine checkups are expected Conclusion: A continued need for specialized periodontists, but also well trained dental practitioners is foreseen for next decade in Europe. Apart from periodontology they will be increasingly exposed to and trained in implant dentistry
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| 7. |
- Salonen, J. Sakari, et al.
(författare)
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Uncovering Holocene climate fluctuations and ancient conifer populations : Insights from a high-resolution multi-proxy record from Northern Finland
- 2024
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Ingår i: Global and Planetary Change. - 0921-8181 .- 1872-6364. ; 237
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A series of abrupt climate events linked to circum-North Atlantic meltwater forcing have been recognised in Holocene paleoclimate data. To address the paucity of proxy records able to characterise robustly the regional impacts of these events, we retrieved a sub-centennial resolution, well-dated core sequence from Lake Kuutsjarvi, northeast Finland. By analysing a range of paleo-environmental proxies (pollen, plant sedimentary ancient DNA, plant macrofossils, conifer stomata, and non-pollen palynomorphs), and supported with proxy-based paleotemperature and moisture reconstructions, we unravel a well-defined sequence of vegetation and climate dynamics over the early-to-middle Holocene. The birch-dominated pioneer vegetation stage was intersected by two transient tree-cover decrease events at 10.4 and 10.1 thousand years ago (ka), likely representing a two-pronged signal of the 10.3 ka climate event. Our data also show a clear signal of the 8.2 ka climate event, previously not well recorded in the European Arctic, with a collapse of the pine-birch forest and replacement by juniper developing in tight synchrony with Greenland isotopic proxies over 8.4-8.0 ka. Supported by climate modelling, severe winter cooling rather than summer might have been driving vegetation disruptions in the early Holocene. The Kuutsjarvi data indicate an early arrival of Norway spruce (Picea abies) by 9.2 ka (pollen, DNA, and stoma finds), as well as the first evidence for Holocene presence of larch (Larix) in Finland, with pollen finds dating to 9.6-5.9 ka.
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| 8. |
- Strigård, Karin, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Ventral hernia and patient experience of an elastic girdle
- 2015
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Ingår i: ANZ journal of surgery. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1445-1433 .- 1445-2197. ; 85:7-8, s. 525-528
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Abdominal girdles are used to prevent hernia and to facilitate the in-growth of mesh following ventral hernia surgery or instead of surgery. Scientific evidence supporting the use of girdle, including patient experience, is lacking. The aim was to investigate patient experience of wearing an elastic girdle in terms of support and tolerability. METHODS: A trans-sectional study with quantitative onset was performed. Telephone interviews following a strict protocol were performed 2 years after girdle prescription. Of the 89 eligible patients, 67 completed the interview. The questionnaire constituted 13 questions. RESULTS: Of the 52 women and 15 men, two thirds had ventral hernia surgery. Patients over 70 years more often used girdle as a substitute for surgery. Most patients (64%) were satisfied with the girdle and 94% used it as prescribed. Five out of 53 who used girdles preoperatively stated no improvement in their inconvenience. Almost all patients (97%) had some problem with the girdle. CONCLUSION: In this first study on patient experience, nearly all patients used it as prescribed and subjective benefit was achieved even though side effects were present in most cases. Individual fitting and improved information about when and how to use the girdle is important for patient comfort and optimal function. This study attended patient experience of negative side effects from wearing a girdle. Improvement may be reached concerning comfort from the patients' perspective. The importance of both written and oral information has been revealed.
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| 9. |
- Vikner, Pia, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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En utvärdering av egenmonitorering i vården av gravida kvinnor med diabetes
- 2023
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Ingår i: Konferens Reproduktiv Hälsa 2023.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Integrerad egenmonitorering i vården har, med covid-19-pandemin som katalysator, genomgått en revolutionerande utveckling. Vårdformen sprids alltmer och har potential att göra vården mer effektiv, tillgänglig och individanpassad. För gravida kvinnor med läkemedelsbehandlad diabetes (typ 1-, typ 2- och graviditetsdiabetes) är tät uppföljning avgörande för den medicinska säkerheten. Under år 2020 och 2021 införde Specialistmödravården på Sahlgrenska universitetssjukhuset i Göteborg egenmonitorering i vården av patientgruppen. Införandet av integrerad egenmonitorering har resulterat i att kvinnorna nu följer Mödrahälsovårdens basprogram för fysiska graviditetsbesök. Resterande uppföljning sker digitalt. Den integrerade egenmonitoreringen ska nu utvärderas vetenskapligt. Intervention består av: kontroll av blodtryck, äggvita i urinen och ett välmåendeformulär och CTG från hemmet samt möjlighet till digital uppföljning via digitala vårdmöten och chattfunktioner. Syftet med utvärderingen är att undersöka faktorer som påverkade implementeringen av egenmonitorering i vården av gravida kvinnor med läkemedelsbehandlad diabetes samt följa medicinsk utfall efter implementeringen av egenmonitoreringen. Utvärderingen kommer göras i enlighet med UK Medical Research Council riktlinjer för processutvärdering av komplexa interventioner. Patienter, medarbetare, chefer och verksamhetsledare kommer intervjuas med semistrukturerade intervjuer. Jämförelse av medicinska utfall fyra år före och fyra år efter implementeringen av egenmonitorering (ca 800 kvinnor). Utvärderingen förväntas ge ökad kunskap kring hur implementering av integrerad egenmonitorering kan införas i andra verksamheter, om integrerad egenmonitorering är en säker vårdform för patientgruppen och om vårdformen accepteras av de gravida kvinnorna.
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