| 1. |
- Berglund, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnostic accuracy and safety of short-term teledermoscopic monitoring of atypical melanocytic lesions
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. - : Wiley. - 0926-9959 .- 1468-3083. ; 34:6, s. 1233-1239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Short-term dermoscopic monitoring (STDM) of atypical melanocytic lesions (AML) after 3.0–4.5months can be used to detect featureless melanomas without performing countless unnecessary excisions of nevi. Recently, short-term teledermoscopic monitoring (STTM) was incorporated into the STDM clinical routine at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Gothenburg, Sweden. Follow-up images for STTM were taken by an assistant nurse with subsequent teledermoscopic assessment by a dermatologist. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and safety of STTM. Methods: In this retrospective observational study, data from electronic health records of patients with teledermoscopically monitored AMLs were explored. The number of changed and excised AMLs and their histopathological diagnoses were recorded. The excised AMLs were categorized into three subgroups according to when they changed and were excised: (i) following STTM, (ii) after planned long-term follow-up or (iii) after unplanned long-term follow-up. Results: A total of 686 patients with 883 AMLs were monitored with STTM. Sixty-two AMLs (7.0%) were excised following STTM, 14 (1.6%) after planned long-term follow-up and 10 (1,1%) after unplanned long-term follow-up. Twenty-one melanomas were detected using STTM, three after planned long-term follow-up and three after unplanned long-term follow-up. All melanomas were insitu (n=20) or thin and non-ulcerated (n=7; median Breslow thickness 0.4mm, range 0.3–0.8mm). The sensitivity for the diagnosis of melanoma by means of STTM with the option of additional planned follow-up was 88.9%, and the specificity was 93.9%. The number of AMLs needed to monitor in order to detect one melanoma with the STTM routine was 32.7, and the number needed to excise was 3.2. Conclusions: STTM of AMLs was safe and allowed for high diagnostic accuracy. All detected melanomas were insitu or thin and non-ulcerated. Furthermore, a considerable number of unnecessary excisions were spared. © 2019 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
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| 2. |
- Billing, L., et al.
(författare)
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Slipped capital femoral epiphysis - The mechanical function of the periosteum: New aspects and theory including bilaterality
- 2004
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Ingår i: ACTA RADIOLOGICA. - : SAGE Publications. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; 45, s. 1-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This particular ailment has many designations in the literature but none is quite adequate. Here we use the terminology slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE). The anatomy of the proximal femur in all mammals reflects their growth and function. The main forces acting on the head are perpendicular to the growth plate. The thick tear‐proof perichondrium‐periosteum on the femoral neck is like a stocking attached to the epiphysis and the trochanter region. Growth in length causes a strong tensile stress in the periosteum, pressing the epiphysis against the metaphysis and thus stabilizing the vulnerable growth plate—the periosteum theory. Several factors may diminish the stability of the growth plate. SCFE begins with fissures, which coalesce to a fracture in the growth plate, invisible on a radiograph. As the slip progresses, an increasing angulation between the epiphysis and the remainder of the femur occurs. Weight and muscular forces displace the epiphysis posteriorly in a flexed hip. A rift in the ventral half of the periosteal stocking occurs at the border to the perichondrium and, after that, a longitudinal rift in the periosteum at the anterior midline of the femoral neck. This rift becomes broader as the epiphysis slips posteriorly, withdrawing the ruptured periosteum. Displacement of the epiphysis is due to a rotational slip and tilt, made possible by a compression fracture in the posterior part of the metaphysis. Parts of the periosteum function as reins steering the slip direction and counteracting the displacement. SCFE may be regarded as a pseudoarthrosis in the growing cartilage of the plate. The periosteum theory extended to a pseudoarthrosis theory has been supported by findings at surgery and on true lateral radiographs of usual and unusual cases of SCFE presented in this opus. On a true lateral view, the displacement can be measured as the slipping angle (SA) based on anatomical and geometrical considerations. SA values from 95 normal hips and from 22 contralateral asymptomatic hips from SCFE patients are presented in a histogram and bar graph. Statistically, SCFE is always bilateral, but in about 1/3 of the asymptomatic, contralateral hips, the physis ossifies and closes with SA below 13°, and surgery is not necessary. It is most important that the position of the femur on the X‐ray table is exactly defined in two dimensions: 1) the angle between the femoral shaft and the tabletop (angle of elevation), 2) the degree of rotation of the femur around its axis. A precisely defined positioning of the femur is a prerequisite for an exact reproducible measurement of the SA on a true lateral view and is also valuable for the evaluation of radiographic “signs”. An aid, the Youth Hip Triangle (YHT), has been designed to facilitate positioning of the femur and measurement of SA. YHT is recommended for routine use in every X‐ray facility. The method is quick, cost effective and makes it possible to diagnose SCFE in the contralateral hip before clinical signs or symptoms have occurred.
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| 3. |
- da Silva, Fernando L B, et al.
(författare)
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Titration of fatty acids solubilized in catonic, nonionic and anionic micelles: Theory and experiment.
- 2002
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5207 .- 1520-6106. ; 106:13, s. 3515-3522
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The titration properties of a fatty acid solubilized in different types of micelles, cationic, anionic and nonionic, have been investigated experimentally and theoretically. The solution containing micelles, counterions, and added salt was treated as a dielectric continuum in the Monte Carlo simulations. The dielectric permittivity of the interior of the micelle can have a profound effect on the calculated pK shifts depending on how the dielectric discontinuity is chosen in the model. The simulated results are compared to data from Poisson-Boltzmann calculations and from experiments. The experimentally observed apparent pKa value changes from 7.6 to 4.9 when solubilizing lauric acid in anionic (SDS) and cationic (DoTAC) micelles, respectively. For the nonionic micelle it is found to be approximately 6.6. A significant ion specificity in the pKa value is observed for the DoTAC and DoTAB systems and surprisingly enough both systems show an upward pK shift.
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| 4. |
- Haffajee, A D, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in the subgingival microbiota of Swedish and USA subjects who were periodontally healthy or exhibited minimal periodontal disease.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical periodontology. - 0303-6979. ; 32:1, s. 33-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown differences in the mean proportions of subgingival species in samples from periodontitis subjects in different countries, which may relate to differences in diet, genetics, disease susceptibility and manifestation. The purpose of the present investigation was to determine whether there were differences in the subgingival microbiotas of Swedish and American subjects who exhibited periodontal health or minimal periodontal disease. METHOD: One hundred and fifty eight periodontally healthy or minimally diseased subjects (N Sweden=79; USA=79) were recruited. Subjects were measured at baseline for plaque, gingivitis, BOP, suppuration, pocket depth and attachment level at 6 sites per tooth. Subgingival plaque samples taken from the mesial aspect of each tooth at baseline were individually analyzed, in one laboratory, for their content of 40 bacterial species using checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization (total samples=4345). % DNA probe counts comprised by each species was determined for each site and averaged across sites in each subject. Significance of differences in proportions of each species between countries was determined using ancova adjusting for age, mean pocket depth, gender and smoking status. p values were adjusted for multiple comparisons. Cluster analysis was performed to group subjects based on their subgingival microbial profiles using a chord coefficient and an average unweighted linkage sort. RESULTS: On average, all species were detected in samples from subjects in both countries. After adjusting for multiple comparisons, 5 species were in significantly higher adjusted mean percentages in Swedish than American subjects: Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies 1 (9.7, 3.3); Streptococcus sanguis (2.5, 1.2); Eikenella corrodens (1.7, 1.0); Tannerella forsythensis (3.5, 2.3) and Prevotella melaninogenica (6.3, 1.8). Leptotrichia buccalis was in significantly higher adjusted mean percentages in American (5.5) than Swedish subjects (3.0). Cluster analysis grouped 121 subjects into 8 microbial profiles. Twenty four of the 40 test species examined differed significantly among cluster groups. Five clusters were dominated by American subjects and 2 clusters by Swedish subjects. Fifty eight of 79 (73%) of the Swedish subjects fell into 1 cluster group dominated by high proportions of A. naeslundii genospecies 1, Prevotella nigrescens, T. forsythensis and P. melaninogenica. Other clusters were characterized by high proportions of Actinomyces gerencseriae, Veillonella parvula, Capnocytophaga gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Eubacterium saburreum, L. buccalis and Neisseria mucosa. CONCLUSIONS: The microbial profiles of subgingival plaque samples from Swedish and American subjects who exhibited periodontal health or minimal disease differed. The heterogeneity in subgingival microbial profiles was more pronounced in the American subjects, possibly because of greater genetic and microbiologic diversity in the American subjects sampled.
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| 5. |
- Nettelbladt, Per, 1942-, et al.
(författare)
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Does it make sense to do repeated surveys? - The Lundby Study, 1947-1997.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-690X .- 1600-0447. ; 111:6, s. 444-452
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To describe the Lundby Study and the difficulties in doing repeated surveys. Method: Best-estimate consensus diagnoses have been used since 1957 together with DSM-IV and ICD-10 in 1997. Results: The Lundby population consisting of 3563 probands was investigated in 1947, 1957 and 1972. Sufficient information was available for 98–99%. In 1997–2000 a fourth field investigation was carried out. Attrition rate for the interviews was 13% (238/1797). About 36% (1030/2827) had died between 1972 and 1997, but data from registers, case notes and key-informants for the period 1972 and 1997 completed the information for 94% (2659/2827). The population has followed the same pattern of development as many rural populations in Sweden since the 1940s. Multiple sources of information are preferable in longitudinal studies in order to tackle the problem of changing diagnostic systems. Conclusion: Low attrition rates over 50 years and reasonable diagnostic uniformity make comparisons over time justifiable.
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| 6. |
- Nettelbladt, Per, 1942-, et al.
(författare)
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Lundbystudien 1947-1997
- 2002
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Ingår i: FoU-konferens,2002.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Sidlauskaite, L., et al.
(författare)
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THERMAL MAPPING IN FLAT LOWLANDS AND UNDULATING UPLANDS - A COMPARISON OF RESULTS
- 2019
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Ingår i: Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering. - : Riga Technical University. - 1822-427X .- 1822-4288. ; 14:3, s. 326-340
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thermal mapping has been known as a reliable technique to analyse and even predict road surface temperature in a stretch of road, rather than just a single point (e.g. road weather station location). The method itself was developed in the 1980s, and as time progressed, the technique was improved and has become more applicable. Due to other methods, such as climate modelling, becoming widely accessible and more affordable to apply, thermal mapping started being pushed out to the background as an expensive alternative. The idea for this paper arose from thermal mapping applications to Lithuanian roads that produced inconclusive results in some research areas and raised the question of whether this technique applies to flatlands as effectively as to uplands. The Czech Republic was chosen as a country with an available database and environmentally different road network. Several stretches of road thermal mapping data were analysed and compared. It was concluded, that in flat landscapes altitude has lesser predictability value for road surface temperature than in undulating uplands. In addition, thermal mapping results appear to be more inconclusive in flatlands, compared to uplands. Nevertheless, thermal mapping is a good and reliable method for determining cold spots.
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