| 1. |
- Bohman, Katarina, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of seat belt fit and comfort experience between elderly and younger front seat passengers in cars
- 2019
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Ingår i: Traffic Injury Prevention. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1538-957X .- 1538-9588. ; 20:sup2, s. S7-S12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective : The purpose was to study how occupant age affects seat belt fit and comfort by comparing older adults and younger occupants in the front seat of a passenger vehicle. Methods : An exploratory user study was performed for the front seat of a stationary large passenger vehicle in a laboratory environment, including 11 older (aged 72–81) and 11 younger (aged 25–30) participants. Each participant first entered the vehicle and buckled up in a predefined seat position. Next, they adjusted the seat to their preferred seat position and buckled up again. Anthropometric data were collected on height, weight, and waist and hip circumferences. Photographs and measurements were taken of seat/seat belt positions and posture, and structured interviews were conducted regarding comfort perceptions of the 2 tested scenarios, including previous experience and awareness of seat belt usage and discomfort experienced as passengers in cars. Results : Nonoptimal belt fit included shoulder belt on the shoulder edge or close to the neck or lap belt over the abdomen. Five of 11 older adults had nonoptimal belt fit in the predefined position, and in the preferred position 7 older adults had nonoptimal belt fit. Only one showed safety awareness and recognized the nonoptimal belt fit in the preferred position. In the younger group, 4 of 11 had nonoptimal belt fit in the predefined position and 4 in the preferred position. Two acknowledged the nonoptimal belt fit. Older adult participants with a more pronounced kyphotic posture had the upper part of the shoulder belt positioned closer to the suprasternal notch compared to younger participants. Older adults were also more likely to have the lower part of the shoulder belt higher up on the abdomen compared to younger participants. Participants with higher body mass indexes (BMIs) were more likely to have the shoulder belt higher up on the abdomen, independent of age and gender. When the shoulder belt was positioned higher up on the abdomen the upper portion of the shoulder belt was routed closer to the throat. Older adults preferred to sit higher up to achieve a better field of vision compared to younger adults. Conclusions : The change in body posture due to aging influences belt fit. Older adults seemed less aware of safety related to belt fit. Increased BMI influenced shoulder belt fit, independent of age. These findings are important when designing restraint systems to ensure safety for all occupants.
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| 4. |
- Dimberg, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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alphaB-crystallin promotes tumor angiogenesis by increasing vascular survival during tube morphogenesis
- 2008
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Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 111:4, s. 2015-2023
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Selective targeting of endothelial cells in tumor vessels requires delineation of key molecular events in formation and survival of blood vessels within the tumor microenvironment. To this end, proteins transiently up-regulated during vessel morphogenesis were screened for their potential as targets in antiangiogenic tumor therapy. The molecular chaperone alpha B-crystallin was identified as specifically induced with regard to expression level, modification by serine phosphorylation, and subcellular localization during tubular morphogenesis of endothelial cells. Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of alpha B-crystallin expression did not affect endothelial proliferation but led to attenuated tubular morphogenesis, early activation of proapoptotic caspase-3, and increased apoptosis. alpha B-crystallin was expressed in a subset of human tumor vessels but not in normal capillaries. Tumors grown in alpha B-crystallin(-/-) mice were significantly less vascularized than wild-type tumors and displayed increased areas of apoptosis/necrosis. Importantly, tumor vessels in alpha B-crystallin(-/-) mice were leaky and showed signs of caspase-3 activation and extensive apoptosis. Ultrastructural analyses showed defective vessels partially devoid of endothelial lining. These data strongly implicate alpha B-crystallin as an important regulator of tubular morphogenesis and survival of endothelial cell during tumor angiogenesis. Hereby we identify the small heat shock protein family as a novel class of anglogenic modulators.
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| 5. |
- Everberg, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Affinity Purification of Egg-White Allergens for Improved Component-Resolved Diagnostics
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Archives of Allergy and Immunology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1018-2438 .- 1423-0097. ; 154:1, s. 33-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Egg is a common cause of food-allergic reactions, especially among young children. Some egg-allergic patients do, however, tolerate heated egg products and component-resolved diagnostics (CRD) may facilitate prediction of different disease manifestations. Commercially available preparations of the egg-white allergens, ovomucoid, ovalbumin, conalbumin and lysozyme, have been reported to contain impurities which interfere with accurate CRD. Methods: Commercial preparations of the 4 egg-white allergens were characterized using allergen-specific monoclonal chimeric human/mouse IgE antibodies in experimental ImmunoCAP (R) tests. Further purification of commercial ovomucoid, ovalbumin and conalbumin preparations was performed by chromatography based on affinity to monoclonal antibodies. Purity was monitored by size exclusion chromatography, SDS-PAGE, Western blotting and experimental ImmunoCAP tests using allergen-specific chimeric IgE antibodies. IgE reactivity to the highly purified egg components was analyzed in 83 samples from egg white-sensitized individuals. Results: Preparations of commercially available ovomucoid, ovalbumin and conalbumin were found to contain other egg allergens which were removed by chromatographic purification. No impurities were detected in the commercial lysozyme preparation. Previously unknown complexes between the target allergens and contaminating allergens were detected and removed by affinity chromatography. IgE reactivity to ovalbumin was most common in the analyzed samples (87%), followed by ovomucoid (72%), conalbumin (69%) and lysozyme (58%). Conclusions: In this study we demonstrate the advantage of using monoclonal antibodies for purification, and monoclonal chimeric IgE antibodies for characterization, of egg allergens intended for CRD. Our study also established that ovalbumin, ovomucoid, conalbumin and lysozyme are all major allergens.
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| 6. |
- Hultengren, Svante, et al.
(författare)
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Inventeringar av kalkhällmarker i östra Dalsland
- 2013
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Naturcentrum AB har på uppdrag av Länsstyrelsen i Västra Götaland genomfört inventeringar av naturvårdsintressanta arter på kalkhällmarker i östra Dalsland. Inventeringen har fokuserat på särskilt intressanta arter t ex rödlistade arter, sällsynta arter m m, inom grupperna fjärilar, bin, lavar, mossor och marksvampar. Dessutom har presenteras spridda observationer inom andra grupper, till exempel tvåvingar och trollsländor.De dalsländska kalkrika lerskifferhällmarkerna utgörs av någon mil breda, omvandlade berggrundsstråk i de mellersta och östra delarna av landskapet. Dessa kalkmarker skiljer sig från de geologiskt yngre och sedimentära kalkområdena som är typiska för till exempel Öland och Gotland. Förutsättningarna för floran och faunan i Dalslands kalkområden är unika genom det milda och fuktiga klimatet och att markke- min avviker något från de flesta andra kalkrika trakterna i Sverige. Dessa specifika förhållanden gynnar en lång rad sällsynta eller rödlistade arter.Fyra av de besökta områdena ligger på Ryrhalvön norr om Köpmannebro och den femte vid Ånimskogs kyrka. Samtliga delområden utgörs av västvända branter i direkt anslutning till sjöarna Ånimmen och Östebosjön. Miljöerna är generellt öppna och det västvända läget skapar ett varmt och solexponerat mikroklimat. I anslutning till de kala hällarna finns partier med tunna, kalkhaltiga jordlager och grusmarker. Graden av beskogning varierar både inom och mellan de olika delområdena.Inventeringarna genomfördes under några dagar under sommaren 2006 samt med en dags kompletterande lavinventering under februari 2008. Totalt på träffades 24 rödlistade arter fördelade enligt följande; sju fjärilsarter, två biarter, tre lavar, sex olika mossor och sex arter av svampar. Flera av dessa är ytterst sällsynta och har sin huvudsakliga utbredning i landet på dessa kalkrika lerskifferhällar. Vidare noterades ett 30-tal nya arter för landskapet Dalsland. Det största antalet nya fynd gjordes inom gruppen insekter vilket visar att kännedomen om landskapets insektsfauna är mycket bristfällig.Klot-tegellaven Psora globifera är klassad som starkt hotad (EN) och har huvuddelen av sina kända före- komster i kalkrika områden i Dalsland. Arten växer på lättvittrade, solexponerade, kalklerskifferhällar. I delområde 3 förekommer arten rikligt och i delområde 4 något mera sparsamt. Klotsporig skifferlav Sarcogyne distinguenda (VU) är en annan mycket sällsynt lav med få kända lokaler i landet av vilken den ena utgörs av delområde 5 (Carlsson 1998). Arten är knuten till klippor av kalklerskiffer. Det stora antalet arter gelélavar Collema spp. (sju stycken) är anmärkningsvärt även om ingen av arterna är rödlistade. Av mos-sorna bör särskilt nämnas hår-rosettmossa Riccia ciliata (VU), dvärgrosettmossa Riccia warnstorfii (VU) och trubbklockmossa Encalypta mutica (NT) vilka alla är mer eller mindre knutna till kalkhällar eller kalkrika jordar. Rosettmossorna växer rikligt i delområde 1 medan trubbklockmossan, som omfattas av habitatdi-rektivet inom Natura 2000, noterades i delområde 5. Brun fingersvamp Clavaria pullei (EN) noterades på gräsmarkerna i delområde 5. Arten verkar vara knuten till öppna och hävdade kalkrika marker. Bland in-sekterna utgör nyponsandbiet Andrena nitida (VU), fibblesandbiet A. fulvago (NT) och jungfrulinpraktmal Hypercallia citrinalis (NT) några av de mest anmärkningsvärda arterna. Nyponsandbiet som noterades i del-område 1 är mycket sällsynt och observerades senast 1949 i Dalsland.Inventeringarna som utförts är av stickprovskaraktär och det bedöms som sannolikt att fler värdefulla arter kan påträffas vid fördjupade inventeringar. Detta gäller både de behandlade delområdena och kalk-lerskiffermarker i allmänhet.
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| 7. |
- Matsumoto, Taro, et al.
(författare)
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VEGF receptor-2 Y951 signaling and a role for the adapter molecule TSAd in tumor angiogenesis.
- 2005
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Ingår i: EMBO J. - 0261-4189. ; 24:13, s. 2342-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) activation by VEGF-A is essential in vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. We have generated a pan-phosphorylation site map of VEGFR-2 and identified one major tyrosine phosphorylation site in the kinase insert (Y951), in addition to two major sites in the C-terminal tail (Y1175 and Y1214). In developing vessels, phosphorylation of Y1175 and Y1214 was detected in all VEGFR-2-expressing endothelial cells, whereas phosphorylation of Y951 was identified in a subset of vessels. Phosphorylated Y951 bound the T-cell-specific adapter (TSAd), which was expressed in tumor vessels. Mutation of Y951 to F and introduction of phosphorylated Y951 peptide or TSAd siRNA into endothelial cells blocked VEGF-A-induced actin stress fibers and migration, but not mitogenesis. Tumor vascularization and growth was reduced in TSAd-deficient mice, indicating a critical role of Y951-TSAd signaling in pathological angiogenesis.
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| 9. |
- Osvalder, Anna-Lisa, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Seat Belt Fit and Comfort for Older Adult Front Seat Passengers in Cars
- 2019
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Ingår i: Conference proceedings International Research Council on the Biomechanics of Injury, IRCOBI. - 2235-3151. ; :IRC-19-12, s. 32-43
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- An explorative user study was performed to study seat belt fit, perceived comfort and safety awareness of older adults in the front passenger seat of a large, stationary passenger car. The study included 55 participants between 65 and 80 years (32 males, 23 females). The participants buckled up in two scenarios, in a pre-defined seat position and in a self-adjusted preferred seat position. Anthropometric measures, photographs, and measurements of seat and seat belt positions were taken. Interviews were conducted regarding comfort perception and previous awareness of seat belt usage and discomfort. The results showed a change in seat belt fit due to older adults’ body compositions and increased BMI, and a limited safety awareness of non-optimal shoulder and lap belt fit. Some usually experienced discomfort in regular driving and used add-on accessories to increase sitting height and decrease sitting discomfort. These findings are important when designing restraint systems in future vehicles to ensure further improved safety for older adults.
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