| 1. |
- De Pieri, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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Joint academic and industrial efforts towards innovative and efficient solutions for clinical needs
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine. - : Springer. - 0957-4530 .- 1573-4838. ; 29:8
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 4(th) Translational Research Symposium (TRS) was organised at the annual meeting of the European Society for Biomaterials (ESB) 2017, Athens, Greece, with a focus on 'Academia-Industry Clusters of Research for Innovation Catalysis'. Collaborations between research institutes and industry can be sustained in several ways such as: European Union (EU) funded consortiums; syndicates of academic institutes, clinicians and industries; funding from national governments; and private collaborations between universities and companies. Invited speakers from industry and research institutions presented examples of these collaborations in the translation of research ideas or concepts into marketable products. The aim of the present article is to summarize the key messages conveyed during these lectures. In particular, emphasis is put on the challenges to appropriately identify and select unmet clinical needs and their translation by ultimately implementing innovative and efficient solutions achieved through joint academic and industrial efforts.
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| 2. |
- Luo, Jun
(författare)
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Calcium Phosphate Based Biomaterials for Bone Augmentation
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Basic (apatite-based) calcium phosphate cements (CPCs), and acidic (brushite and monetite-based) CPCs are used as bone replacement materials because of their bioactivity, mouldability and ability to harden in place. However, their application is limited by their inherent brittleness and difficulties related to their handling. The current thesis aimed to provide solutions to these limitations.To assess the baseline, the mechanical properties of two promising experimental and two commercially available apatite and brushite cements were investigated. The two experimental CPCs exhibited significantly higher mechanical strengths than the two commercially available ones, warranting further advancement of the former towards clinical use.The setting reaction of brushite cements was, for the first time, quantitatively studied in the first seconds and minutes, using synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The reaction was found to include a fast nucleation induction period (<9 s), nucleation (<18 s), brushite content increase and setting completion. The effect of the commonly used retardant citric acid – which usually also gives stronger brushite cements - was also evaluated, providing important information for further cement development. To overcome complicated usage and short shelf life of acidic CPCs, a ready-to-use acidic CPC was developed by mixing a monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM) paste and a β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) paste with suitable amounts of citric acid. The CPC showed adequate shelf life, good cohesion and mechanical performance.To mitigate against the brittle behavior of CPCs, i) poly(vinyl alcohol) fibres were used to reinforce apatite cements, significantly improving the apatite matrix’s toughness and resistance to cracking; ii) injectable, ready-to-use organic-inorganic composites with partly elastomeric compression behavior were designed based on silk fibroin hydrogels and acidic calcium phosphates, and their ability for antibiotic drug delivery was assessed. In summary, insights into the functional properties of currently available CPCs as well as the setting process of brushite cements were gained and several new calcium phosphate-based formulations were developed to overcome some of the drawbacks of traditional CPCs. Further studies, in particular of the biological response, are needed to verify the potential of the developed materials for future use in the clinical setting.
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| 3. |
- Martinez-Sanz, Elena, et al.
(författare)
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Minimally invasive mandibular bone augmentation using injectable hydrogels
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1932-6254. ; 6:S3, s. s15-s23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels are proven biocompatible materials and excellent carriers of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) that have been successfully tested for bone generation in vivo. Different formulations, with or without nanohydroxyapatite, have shown promise for craniofacial applications. In this study, 28 rats were used to investigate whether it is possible to achieve mandibular bone augmentation upon injection of novel hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels containing nanohydroxyapatite and different concentrations of BMP-2 (0, 5 and 150ÎŒg/ml). The biomaterials were injected subperiosteally through fine needles into the innate mandibular diastema, imitating a clinical procedure for resorbed mandibles. No incisions, flaps or sutures were necessary. After 8weeks the mandibles were evaluated by peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT), micro-computed tomography (ÎŒCT), histology, immunohistochemistry and fluorochrome labelling. As a result, engineered bone was observed in all treated mandibles, with a statistically significant increase in mandibular bone volume correlated with the amount of BMP-2 loaded in the hydrogel formula. We therefore demonstrated that minimally invasive mandibular bone augmentation is possible upon injection in rats, when using the appropriate injectable scaffolds. This represents an attractive clinical alternative for oral implantology patients.
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| 4. |
- Åberg, Jonas, 1982-
(författare)
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Premixed Acidic Calcium Phosphate Cements
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Calcium phosphate cements are used in medicine to fill bone defects or give support to screws and plates in fracture fixation. The cements are formed via mixing a powder with water and the mixture harden through a dissolution-precipitation reaction. Today the cement mixing is performed in the operating room and consists of several complicated steps that need to be performed under sterile conditions. This renders the mixing a risk factor, potentially leading to harm for the patient e.g. unsatisfactory healing or infection. To reduce this risk, premixed cements have been developed using glycerol as mixing liquid. The premixed cement sets when it is exposed to body liquids. Therefore, premixed cement can be delivered to the operating room in prefilled syringes ready for use, thus eliminating the mixing step.The aim of this thesis is to describe differences between premixed and water-mixed cements and their advantages and drawbacks. The differences will be discussed based on results obtained from bench testing of specific cement properties as function of cement formulations as well as in vitro and in vivo studies.Several cement formulations were evaluated e.g. the influence of powder to liquid ratio (P/L), powder particle size and addition of water on key properties. The results showed that premixed cements have excellent handling properties and have mechanical properties similar to water-based cements. Both P/L and particle size can be used to control these properties. It was shown that small amounts of water improve certain cement properties while dry raw materials were important for long shelf life. To better understand the setting of premixed cements new methods for evaluating working time and setting of premixed cements were developed. In vivo studies showed that the formulations developed in this thesis are biocompatible, resorbable and show good tissue response in bone.This thesis concludes, that the premixed cements are a promising biomaterial with excellent handling properties and good biological response. The most important challenge for the premixed cements, in order to become commercially successful, is to obtain clinically relevant setting time and shelf life simultaneously. An increasing use of premixed cements in the clinics should shorten operation times and reduce infection rates to the benefit of both patients and medical staff.
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