| 1. |
- Cruz, Raquel, et al.
(författare)
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Novel genes and sex differences in COVID-19 severity
- 2022
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Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press. - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 31:22, s. 3789-3806
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Here, we describe the results of a genome-wide study conducted in 11 939 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positive cases with an extensive clinical information that were recruited from 34 hospitals across Spain (SCOURGE consortium). In sex-disaggregated genome-wide association studies for COVID-19 hospitalization, genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10−8) was crossed for variants in 3p21.31 and 21q22.11 loci only among males (P = 1.3 × 10−22 and P = 8.1 × 10−12, respectively), and for variants in 9q21.32 near TLE1 only among females (P = 4.4 × 10−8). In a second phase, results were combined with an independent Spanish cohort (1598 COVID-19 cases and 1068 population controls), revealing in the overall analysis two novel risk loci in 9p13.3 and 19q13.12, with fine-mapping prioritized variants functionally associated with AQP3 (P = 2.7 × 10−8) and ARHGAP33 (P = 1.3 × 10−8), respectively. The meta-analysis of both phases with four European studies stratified by sex from the Host Genetics Initiative (HGI) confirmed the association of the 3p21.31 and 21q22.11 loci predominantly in males and replicated a recently reported variant in 11p13 (ELF5, P = 4.1 × 10−8). Six of the COVID-19 HGI discovered loci were replicated and an HGI-based genetic risk score predicted the severity strata in SCOURGE. We also found more SNP-heritability and larger heritability differences by age (<60 or ≥60 years) among males than among females. Parallel genome-wide screening of inbreeding depression in SCOURGE also showed an effect of homozygosity in COVID-19 hospitalization and severity and this effect was stronger among older males. In summary, new candidate genes for COVID-19 severity and evidence supporting genetic disparities among sexes are provided.
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| 2. |
- Li, Hairong, et al.
(författare)
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Hole-Transporting Small Molecules Based on Thiophene Cores for High Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells
- 2014
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Ingår i: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 7:12, s. 3420-3425
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two new electron-rich molecules, 2,3,4,5-tetra[4,4'-bis(methoxyphenyl)aminophen-4 ''-yl]-thiophene (H111) and 4,4',5,5'-tetra[4,4'-bis(methoxyphenyl) aminophen-4 ''-yl]-2,2'-bithiophene (H112), which contain thiophene cores with arylamine side groups, are reported. When used as the hole-transporting material (HTM) in perovskite-based solar cell devices, power conversion efficiencies of up to 15.4% under AM 1.5G solar simulation were obtained. This is the highest efficiency achieved with HTMs not composed of 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(N,N'-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD) and its isomers. Both HTMs, especially H111, have great potential to replace expensive spiro-OMeTAD given their much simpler and less expensive syntheses.
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| 3. |
- Serafini, Patricio, et al.
(författare)
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Photonic Processing of MAPbI3 Films by Flash Annealing and Rapid Growth for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells
- 2022
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Ingår i: Solar RRL. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2367-198X. ; 6:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Defects in polycrystalline halide perovskite films can cause a decrease of the solar cell photoconversion efficiency and stability. The perovskite film enhanced during crystal growth by controlling the processing method can alleviate defects and the related recombination sites that affect the performance of cells. Herein, flash infrared annealing is employed to crystallize methylammonium lead iodide perovskite with a single heating pulse, where uniform grain domains are optically observed and mapped. Films are annealed with different temperature ramps up to 48 degrees C s(-1) heating rate. Annealing with higher heating rates presents lower defect densities, decreases the Urbach energy tail, and improves the optoelectrical performance of the films. These improvements are rationalized by Raman spectroscopy of nucleation points and grain surface differences among the process variations. The role of crystal growth and subsequent film quality allows to achieve a champion photovoltaic device growth at 48 degrees C s(-1) with stability around 250 h under 1 sun illumination and 60% relative humidity for 100 h under 3 sun (AM1.5G) illumination. In situ optical imaging is recorded during the process, confirming that rapid annealing, i.e., higher heating rates, contributes to obtain more stable devices with the added advantage of shorter processing time.
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