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- Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., et al.
(författare)
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Determinants of morbidity and mortality following emergency abdominal surgery in children in low-income and middle-income countries
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMJ Global Health. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2059-7908. ; 1:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Child health is a key priority on the global health agenda, yet the provision of essential and emergency surgery in children is patchy in resource-poor regions. This study was aimed to determine the mortality risk for emergency abdominal paediatric surgery in low-income countries globally.Methods: Multicentre, international, prospective, cohort study. Self-selected surgical units performing emergency abdominal surgery submitted prespecified data for consecutive children aged <16 years during a 2-week period between July and December 2014. The United Nation's Human Development Index (HDI) was used to stratify countries. The main outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality, analysed by multilevel logistic regression.Results: This study included 1409 patients from 253 centres in 43 countries; 282 children were under 2 years of age. Among them, 265 (18.8%) were from low-HDI, 450 (31.9%) from middle-HDI and 694 (49.3%) from high-HDI countries. The most common operations performed were appendectomy, small bowel resection, pyloromyotomy and correction of intussusception. After adjustment for patient and hospital risk factors, child mortality at 30 days was significantly higher in low-HDI (adjusted OR 7.14 (95% CI 2.52 to 20.23), p<0.001) and middle-HDI (4.42 (1.44 to 13.56), p=0.009) countries compared with high-HDI countries, translating to 40 excess deaths per 1000 procedures performed.Conclusions: Adjusted mortality in children following emergency abdominal surgery may be as high as 7 times greater in low-HDI and middle-HDI countries compared with high-HDI countries. Effective provision of emergency essential surgery should be a key priority for global child health agendas.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Taqvi, Syed Ali Ammar, et al.
(författare)
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State-of-the-Art Review of Biomass Gasification : Raw to Energy Generation
- 2024
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Ingår i: ChemBioEng Reviews. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2196-9744.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the increasing global need for sustainable energy, biomass gasification is becoming a highly promising method for transforming raw biomass into usable energy. The present review article analyzes the essential aspects of biomass-based energy production, starting with an assessment of existing energy needs and the crucial contribution that biomass can make in fulfilling these demands. The research investigates recent advancements in several biomass gasification methods, explaining their mechanics and discussing the related difficulties. The research conducts a thorough evaluation of the efficiency, yield, and environmental consequences of biomass gasification, aiming to determine the feasibility of the technique. In addition, the study rigorously assesses the techno-economic factors of energy generation from biomass, providing valuable information on the economic viability and scalability of various biomass gasification techniques. The present study is focused on providing a comprehensive understanding of biomass gasification by analyzing current improvements and conducting a techno-economic comparison to make well-informed decisions for a sustainable energy future. This review article examines the key aspects of energy production using biomass. It begins with an evaluation of our current energy requirements and the significant role that biomass can play in meeting these demands. The research explores recent developments in various biomass gasification techniques, explaining their mechanisms and discussing the challenges that come with them. The research conducts a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness, productivity, and environmental impact of biomass gasification.
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| 4. |
- Thomas, HS, et al.
(författare)
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- 2019
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 5. |
- Glasbey, JC, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 6. |
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