| 1. |
- Bonde, Hans
(författare)
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Gymnastics between Protestantism and Libertinism from 1880 to 1940 : A Comparative Analysis of Two Internationally Renowned Danish Gymnastics Educators
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Educational History. - Umeå : Umeå University Library. - 2001-7766 .- 2001-9076. ; 4:2, s. 85-111
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this article is to analyze and compare two internationally renowned Danish Gymnastics teachers, Jørgen Peter Muller and Niels Bukh. Whereas Muller’s home gymnastics had a cosmopolitan agenda that appealed to everyone regardless of ethnic origin, including many Jews, Bukh’s gymnastics increasingly became embedded in a right-wing nationalist frame of reference. Muller created an individual system of home gymnastics with a focus on health by means of exercises and the cleansing of the body that included a cold shower. In contrast, Bukh’s system was a collective form of gymnastics that emphasised the beauty of the young body. Common to both of them, however, was propagation of sexual liberation, which in Muller’s case focused on the naked heterosexual body’s manifestations in the sunlight and the fresh air. By contrast, Bukh was homosexual and through his aesthetic gaze he encouraged well-trained and sweaty young men to show their muscular upper body in touch-tight choreographies wearing only boxer shorts. It is the main thesis of the article that the contribution of sport to sexual liberation from late Victorianism’s firm grip is far greater than hitherto assumed.
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| 2. |
- Bonde, Magnus, 1979-
(författare)
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Economic studies of Green Commercial Buildings in Sweden
- 2013
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Climate change has risen to become one of our most critical global issues to resolve. Greenhouse gas emissions have been identified as one of the main causes for increased global temperature. As most energy production causes emission of greenhouse gases, a more energy efficient real estate sector could reduce the global greenhouse gas emissions. This reduction could be dramatic, as the real estate sector accounts for quite a large share of the society’s total energy usage. However, it is argued that even economically profitable investments are not being conducted to the full extent, leaving an “energy efficiency gap”. From an economic perspective there are multiple hinders that hampers environmental and/or energy efficiency investments (e.g. transaction costs, split incentives, capital constraints).This licentiate thesis studies environmental issues from an economic point of view in the commercial built environment in Sweden. The main purpose is to illustrate how different real estate actors respond to building environmental and/or energy performance, with focus on barriers, actions and economic outcome/impact. The thesis consists of an introductory essay and two articles.The first article studies the implementation of green leases. The study showed that complex contract structure involving different parties easily create so called “split incentives”, which can be very hard to resolve by additional agreements. This could be one explanation to why some profitable energy efficiency investments are not being realized. Furthermore, the study showed that the building owners were quite risk averse, in the sense that they were reluctant to conduct energy efficiency investments with longer pay-off periods than the current lease term. As Swedish commercial leases have a short contract length, this myopic view hampers energy efficiency investments with longer pay-off periods. An additional result from the study was the emotional aspect, from the tenant’s point of view, to invest in somebody else’s property. In general, the tenant considered building improvements to be the landlord’s responsibility. All in all, a conclusion that could be drawn is that the separation of building ownership and usage may have a negative impact on the leased commercial building stock’s energy performance.The second article studies whether energy performance affects the appraised value of office buildings. The overall result was that the energy performance rating had no impact on the commercial office buildings’ market values. The study indicated that rents, “time of valuation”, changes in vacancy rates, location and “low building age” had the greatest impact on assessed market values. This result could be due to that the correlation between energy usage and maintenance costs is low. Further explanation could be that the specified model suffers from multicollinearity, as the effect of improved energy efficiency cannot be separated from the building age or rent.The including studies support the notion that energy efficiency measures are difficult to implement and appraise to the full extent. Hence, future research is going to focus on how “green” features better could be incorporated into real estate valuation practices as well as evaluation of how environmental certified buildings are actually performing (concerning rents, energy usage, user satisfaction etc.).
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| 3. |
- Bonde, Tiago M., et al.
(författare)
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Risk of prostate cancer death after radical radiotherapy with neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy with bicalutamide or gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists
- 2023
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 62:12, s. 1815-1821
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Oncological outcome after radical radiotherapy (RRT) combined with neoadjuvant and adjuvant androgen suppression therapy (AST) may differ according to type of AST. The aim of this nationwide register-based study was to investigate risk of prostate cancer (Pca) death after different neoadjuvant and adjuvant ASTs; (i) bicalutamide, (ii) gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH) or (iii) combined bicalutamide and GnRH (CAB), together with RRT.Materials and MethodsData for 6882 men diagnosed with high-risk Pca between 2007 and 2020 and treated with primary RRT was retrieved from Prostate Cancer data Base Sweden (PCBaSe) 5.0. Time to Pca death according to type of neoadjuvant and adjuvant AST was assessed by use of Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for putative confounders.Results: Data were stratified by RRT type since the effect of AST in risk of Pca death differed according to type of RRT. Compared with the reference RRT combined with neoadjuvant CAB/adjuvant GnRH, risk of Pca death for men treated with CAB/bicalutamide and conventionally fractionated external beam radiotherapy (CF-EBRT) was hazard ratio (HR) 0.73 (95% CI: 0.50-1.04), hypofractionated EBRT (HF-EBRT), HR 1.35 (95% CI: 0.65-2.81) and EBRT with high dose rate brachytherapy (EBRT-HDRBT), HR 0.85 (95% CI: 0.37-1.95). Risk of Pca death for men treated with bicalutamide/bicalutamide and: (i) CF-EBRT was HR 2.35 (95% CI: 1.42-3.90), (ii) HF-EBRT, HR 0.70 (95% CI: 0.26-1.85), (iii) HF-EBRT, HR 4.07 (95% CI: 1.88-8.77) vs the reference.Conclusion: In this observational study, risk of Pca death between men receiving different combinations of AST varied according to RRT type. No difference was found in risk of Pca death for men treated with bicalutamide or GnRH as adjuvant therapy to RRT following neoadjuvant CAB. Risk of Pca death was increased for men with monotherapy neo-/adjuvant bicalutamide in combination with CF-EBRT or EBRT-HDRBT.
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| 4. |
- Bonde, Tiago M., et al.
(författare)
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Time to castration-resistant prostate cancer and prostate cancer death according to PSA response in men with non-metastatic prostate cancer treated with gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of urology. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 2168-1805 .- 2168-1813. ; 56:3, s. 169-175
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To predict castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and prostate cancer (Pca) death by use of clinical variables at Pca diagnosis and PSA levels after start of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH) in men with non-metastatic castration sensitive prostate cancer (nmCSPC).Materials and Methods: PSA values for 1603 men with nmCSPC in the National Prostate Cancer Register of Sweden who received GnRH as primary treatment were retrieved from Uppsala-Örebro PSA Cohort and Stockholm PSA and Biopsy Register. All men had measured PSA before (pre-GnRH PSA) and 3–6 months after (post-GnRH PSA) date of start of GnRH. Unadjusted and adjusted Cox models were used to predict CRPC by PSA levels. PSA levels and ISUP grade were used to construct a risk score to stratify men by tertiles according to risk of CRPC and Pca death.Results: 788 (49%) men reached CRPC and 456 (28%) died of Pca during follow-up. Post-GnRH PSA predicted CRPC regardless of pre-GnRH PSA. CRPC risk increased with higher post-GnRH PSA, HR 4.7 (95% CI: 3.4–6.7) for PSA > 16 ng/mL vs 0–0.25 ng/mL and with ISUP grade, HR 3.7 (95%: 2.5–5.4) for ISUP 5 vs ISUP 1. Risk of Pca death in men above top vs bellow bottom tertile of post-GnRH PSA and ISUP grade was HR 4.1 (95% CI: 3.0–5.5).Conclusion: A risk score based on post-GnRH PSA and ISUP grade could be used for early identification of a target group for future clinical trials on additional therapy to GnRH.
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| 5. |
- Charpentier Ljungqvist, Fredrik, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Regional Patterns of Late Medieval and Early Modern European Building Activity Revealed by Felling Dates
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-701X. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although variations in building activity are a useful indicator of societal well-being and demographic development, historical datasets for larger regions and longer periods are still rare. Here, we present 54,045 annually precise dendrochronological felling dates from historical construction timber from across most of Europe between 1250 and 1699 CE to infer variations in building activity. We use geostatistical techniques to compare spatiotemporal dynamics in past European building activity against independent demographic, economic, social and climatic data. We show that the felling dates capture major geographical patterns of demographic trends, especially in regions with dense data coverage. A particularly strong negative association is found between grain prices and the number of felling dates. In addition, a significant positive association is found between the number of felling dates and mining activity. These strong associations, with well-known macro-economic indicators from pre-industrial Europe, corroborate the use of felling dates as an independent source for exploring large-scale fluctuations of societal well-being and demographic development. Three prominent examples are the building boom in the Hanseatic League region of northeastern Germany during the 13th century, the onset of the Late Medieval Crisis in much of Europec. 1300, and the cessation of building activity in large parts of central Europe during armed conflicts such as the Thirty Years’ War (1618–1648 CE). Despite new insights gained from our European-wide felling date inventory, further studies are needed to investigate changes in construction activity of high versus low status buildings, and of urban versus rural buildings, and to compare those results with a variety of historical documentary sources and natural proxy archives.
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| 6. |
- Cook, ER, et al.
(författare)
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Old World megadroughts and pluvials during the Common Era
- 2015
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Ingår i: Science Advances. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 2375-2548. ; 1:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate model projections suggest widespread drying in the Mediterranean Basin and wetting in Fennoscandia in the coming decades largely as a consequence of greenhouse gas forcing of climate. To place these and other “Old World” climate projections into historical perspective based on more complete estimates of natural hydroclimatic variability, we have developed the “Old World Drought Atlas” (OWDA), a set of year-to-year maps of tree-ring reconstructed summer wetness and dryness over Europe and the Mediterranean Basin during the Common Era. TheOWDAmatches historical accounts of severe drought and wetness with a spatial completeness not previously available. In addition, megadroughts reconstructed over north-central Europe in the 11th and mid-15th centuries reinforce other evidence from North America and Asia that droughts were more severe, extensive, and prolonged over Northern Hemisphere land areas before the 20th century, with an inadequate understanding of their causes. The OWDA provides new data to determine the causes of Old World drought and wetness and attribute past climate variability to forced and/or internal variability.
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| 7. |
- Laustsen, Christoffer, et al.
(författare)
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Antioxidant treatment attenuates lactate production in diabetic nephropathy
- 2017
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Ingår i: American Journal of Physiology - Renal Physiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 0363-6127 .- 1522-1466 .- 1931-857X. ; 312:1, s. F192-F199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The early progression of diabetic nephropathy is notoriously difficult to detect and quantify before the occurrence of substantial histological damage. Recently, hyperpolarized [1-(13)C]pyruvate has demonstrated increased lactate production in the kidney early after the onset of diabetes, implying increased lactate dehydrogenase activity as a consequence of increased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide substrate availability due to upregulation of the polyol pathway, i.e., pseudohypoxia. In this study, we investigated the role of oxidative stress in mediating these metabolic alterations using state-of-the-art hyperpolarized magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Ten-week-old female Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: healthy controls, untreated diabetic (streptozotocin treatment to induce insulinopenic diabetes), and diabetic, receiving chronic antioxidant treatment with TEMPOL (4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl) via the drinking water. Examinations were performed 2, 3, and 4 wk after the induction of diabetes by using a 3T Clinical MR system equipped with a dual tuned (13)C/(1)H-volume rat coil. The rats received intravenous hyperpolarized [1-(13)C]pyruvate and were imaged using a slice-selective (13)C-IDEAL spiral sequence. Untreated diabetic rats showed increased renal lactate production compared with that shown by the controls. However, chronic TEMPOL treatment significantly attenuated diabetes-induced lactate production. No significant effects of diabetes or TEMPOL were observed on [(13)C]alanine levels, indicating an intact glucose-alanine cycle, or [(13)C]bicarbonate, indicating normal flux through the Krebs cycle. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that diabetes-induced pseudohypoxia, as indicated by an increased lactate-to-pyruvate ratio, is significantly attenuated by antioxidant treatment. This demonstrates a pivotal role of oxidative stress in renal metabolic alterations occurring in early diabetes.
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| 8. |
- Lind, Hans, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Hur värderas energieffektiva och miljöanpassade kommersiella fastigheter?
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- På uppdrag av Energimyndigheten påbörjade vi i januari 2009 en förstudie med frågeställningen ”Hur värderas energieffektiva och miljöanpassade kommersiella lokaler” .Syftet med denna studie var att:- Analysera och beskriva de miljöklassningssystem som används för att bedöma en byggnads energi- och miljöprestanda.- Undersöka hur olika aktörer på fastighetsmarknaden tar hänsyn till en byggnads miljöprestanda.- Undersöka vilka värdepåverkande faktorer som eventuellt kan påverkas av byggnadens miljöprestanda.Metoden innebar främst en internationell litteraturöversikt. För att erhålla information om svenska förhållanden har examensarbeten med intervjuer använts och dessutom har en enkätundersökning till fastighetsvärderare genomförts.Gällande miljöklassningssystemen upptäckte vi att det fanns ett stort antal och därför valde vi att fokusera på de tre större, internationella, system (LEED, BREEAM och Green Star) samt det svenska systemet ”Miljöklassad byggnad”, vilket arbetats fram inom initiativet Bygga Bo-Dialogen. Vi valde även att beskriva EU GreenBuilding, trots att detta system endast beaktaren byggnads energiförbrukning, då det har fått stort genomslag på den svenska marknaden.Ett resultat var att många fastighetsföretag vill ha ett internationellt gångbart systemeftersom många utländska företag är verksamma på den svenska marknaden. "Doublebranding" är också en trolig utveckling med både en svensk och en internationellklassificering.När det gäller marknadens syn på "gröna byggnader" har vissa fastighetsägare och fastighetsutvecklare blivit allt mer intresserade av ”gröna” byggnader. Många menar dockatt efterfrågan idag är liten, men att det i framtiden kan bli ett krav från hyresgäster. Att dåinte kunna erbjuda ett ”grönt” alternativ kan innebära stort inkomstbortfall i form av ökadevakanser. Vår uppfattning är också att det skett en mycket snabb förändring under desenaste halvåret med ett klart ökat intresse, trots en lågkonjunktur som förväntades leda tillett minskat intresse för gröna byggnader.Våra resultat visar på att det finns ett antal teorier om hur byggnadens miljöprestanda kanpåverka en byggnads värde, både via intäktssida, kostnadssida och via avkastningskravet påfastigheterna. Vissa empiriska studier, utförda på den amerikanska marknaden, gerindikationer på en värdeökning. I dessa studier har dock märkningen av byggnaden varit inriktad på byggnadens energiprestanda, vilket bara utgör en liten del av miljöpåverkan. Vid fastighetsvärdering i Sverige fokuseras i dagsläget främst på lägre drift- och underhållskostnader. Många tillfrågade värderade menar dock att större hänsynstaganden, exempelvis lägre riskpremie, skulle tas vid värderingar om 5 – 10 år. I dag görs bara justeringar i avkastningskrav om investeraren särskilt efterfrågar en ”grön” byggnad.
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| 9. |
- Miranda, Tiago Bonde, et al.
(författare)
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5 alpha-Reductase Inhibitors and Risk of Prostate Cancer Death
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Urology. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 0022-5347 .- 1527-3792. ; 204:4, s. 714-719
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: 5 alpha-Reductase inhibitors reduced the risk of prostate cancer in 25% in 2 randomized trials but increased the risk of Gleason 8-10 at biopsy. One explanation is that 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors induce morphological changes in prostate cancer cells similar to higher Gleason grades but without its adverse biology. We compared risk of prostate cancer death between men on 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors and men not on 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors before prostate cancer diagnosis in each Gleason Grade Group. Materials and Methods: Prostate Cancer data Base Sweden consists of linkages between the National Prostate Cancer Register, the Prescribed Drug Registry and the Cause of Death Registry. Of 89,227 men diagnosed with prostate cancer between July 2007 and December 2016, 5,816 had been on 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors for more than 180 days before the date of diagnosis. Followup ended in December 2018. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to assess hazard ratio for prostate cancer death. Adjustments for age, comorbidity, education and curative treatment were made. Men with high risk cancer were stratified according to Gleason Grade Group. Results: In men with high risk cancer the risk of prostate cancer death was similar among 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor users and nonusers, with Gleason Grade Group 1 HR 1.02 (95% CI 0.53-1.95), Gleason Grade Group 2 HR 1.04 (95% CI 0.65-1.69), Gleason Grade Group 3 HR 1.27 (95% CI 0.89-1.80), Gleason Grade Group 4 HR 0.95 (95% CI 0.76-1.18) and Gleason Grade Group 5 HR 0.99 (95% CI 0.83-1.19), for 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor users vs nonusers. Conclusions: We found no evidence that 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors affect Gleason grading as no difference in mortality was observed among 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor users and nonusers in each Gleason group.
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| 10. |
- Rudstam, Gabriella, et al.
(författare)
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Trauma-focused group music and imagery with women suffering from PTSD/Complex PTSD : A randomized controlled study
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation. - : Elsevier. - 2468-7499. ; 6:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundWomen with a history of physical, sexual, and/or emotional abuse often suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD). Meta-analyses report that cognitive behavioural therapies (CBTs), followed by eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) are the most studied psychotherapies for trauma treatment. Focus primarily lies on individual therapy – even though some studies on group therapy for trauma treatment also exist. Few studies exist regarding other alternative therapy forms, such as art-based psychotherapies or body-focused therapies.AimThis study investigated effects from the group music and imagery (GrpMI) method – a type of receptive music therapy – on trauma-related symptoms in women suffering from PTSD or CPTSD after physical, psychological, and/or sexual abuse.Material and methodsUsing a randomized controlled parallel-group design, a sample of 45 women were either assigned to a treatment group (T) who received 12 weekly treatment sessions of GrpMI or to a waiting list control group (WLC). Self-report scales were administered immediately before and after the intervention and at a three-month follow-upResultsA two-way mixed ANOVA showed a large group-by-time interaction effect on PTSD symptom severity (F(1, 42) = 8.68, p = .005 and Cohen's d = 0.94). A repeated-measures ANOVA showed a large effect within the T group (F(1, 20) = 16.6, p = .001, dav = 1.02), and the improvement remained at follow-up. The drop-out rate in the T group was as low as 4.5%.ConclusionThe findings suggest that GrpMI may be efficacious for treating women with PTSD/CPTSD, but further controlled studies with larger samples are warranted. The study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Registration number: NCT03503526)
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