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- Magnusson Hanson, Linda L., et al.
(författare)
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Work related sexual harassment and risk of suicide and suicide attempts: prospective cohort study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Bmj-British Medical Journal. - : BMJ. - 1756-1833. ; 370
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE To analyse the relation between exposure to workplace sexual harassment and suicide, as well as suicide attempts. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Sweden. PARTICIPANTS 86 451 men and women of working age in paid work across different occupations responded to a self-report questionnaire including exposure to work related sexual harassment between 1995 and 2013. The analytical sample included 85 205 people with valid data on sexual harassment, follow-up time, and age. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Suicide and suicide attempts ascertained from administrative registers (mean follow-up time 13 years). RESULTS Among the people included in the respective analyses of suicide and suicide attempts, 125 (0.1%) died from suicide and 816 (1%) had a suicide attempt during follow-up (rate 0.1 and 0.8 cases per 1000 person years). Overall, 11 of 4095 participants exposed to workplace sexual harassment and 114 of 81 110 unexposed participants committed suicide, and 61/4043 exposed and 755/80 513 unexposed participants had a record of suicide attempt. In Cox regression analyses adjusted for a range of sociodemographic characteristics, workplace sexual harassment was associated with an excess risk of both suicide (hazard ratio 2.82, 95% confidence interval 1.49 to 5.34) and suicide attempts (1.59, 1.21 to 2.08), and risk estimates remained significantly increased after adjustment for baseline health and certain work characteristics. No obvious differences between men and women were found. CONCLUSIONS The results support the hypothesis that workplace sexual harassment is prospectively associated with suicidal behaviour. This suggests that suicide prevention considering the social work environment may be useful. More research is, however, needed to determine causality, risk factors for workplace sexual harassment, and explanations for an association between work related sexual harassment and suicidal behaviour.
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| 2. |
- Bondestam, E, et al.
(författare)
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Pain assessment by patient and nurse in the early phase of acute myocardial infarction
- 1987
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 12:6, s. 677-682
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 47 patients admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU) at Sahlgren's Hospital in Göteborg, Sweden, due to acute myocardial infarction (MI) the intensity of pain independently assessed by the patient and by the nurse on duty was evaluated during the first 24 hours in CCU. Pain was assessed according to a modified numerical rating scale graded from 0-10, where 0 meant no pain and 10 meant the most severe pain. A positive correlation between the patients’ and nurses’ assessments was found (r = 0-76; P < 0-001). However, the nurses under-estimated the patients’ pain in 23% of the situations and over-estimated it in 20%. Over-estimation was particularly found when heart rate and blood pressure increased. Many patients scoring their pain to fairly high degrees were not given pain-relieving treatment. Treatment with morphine did not cause substantial pain relief in a substantial number of patients. A significantly positive correlation was found between the patients’ and nurses’ assessments of pain, although underestimation as well as over-estimation occurred. A few patients with severe pain were not treated and when treatment was given it was often ineffective.
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| 7. |
- Hjalmarson, Å, et al.
(författare)
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Chest pain in acute myocardial infarction : a descriptive study according to subjective assessment and morphine requirement
- 1986
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Ingår i: Clinical Cardiology. - : John Wiley & Sons, Inc.. - 0160-9289 .- 1932-8737. ; 9:9, s. 423-428
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 722 patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction (MI) we have tried to describe the course of chest pain according to their own assessment and morphine requirement. Patients were asked to score pain from 0-10 every second hour after arrival in the coronary care unit (CCU) and also to score their maximal pain at home. A very high intensity of chest pain was observed at home (mean score 7.1). At arrival in the CCU the mean pain score already had declined to 1.8, although 51% still had chest pain. Pain score declined successively during the first 12 hours in the CCU. At 24 hours after arrival, 20% still had some chest discomfort. In one quarter of the series a score of more than 0 was observed later than 24 hours after arrival in CCU. Patients developing definite MI had, as expected, a longer duration of pain and a much higher requirement of morphine compared with those with no MI. The difference between MI and no MI patients regarding subjective assessment of the initial intensity of pain at home and in hospital was, however, surprisingly low.
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| 8. |
- Hovgren, K, et al.
(författare)
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Initial pain course and delay to hospital admission in relation to myocardial infarct size
- 1988
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Ingår i: Heart & Lung. - : Mosby, Inc.. - 0147-9563 .- 1527-3288. ; 17, s. 274-280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 47 patients admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU) at Sahlgren's Hospital because of acute myocardial infarction (MI), we evaluated the intensity of pain before admission and during the first 24 hours in the CCU and the delay time between the onset of symptoms and the decision to go to the hospital. Pain was assessed according to a modified visual analogue scale graded from 0 to 10, where 0 meant no pain and 10 meant the most severe pain. Patients generally scored their maximal pain before admission higher than their pain in the CCU. The maximal pain before admission did not seem to differ between patients with larger and smaller infarcts, estimated from maximal serum enzyme activity, whereas patients with larger infarcts tended to have more intensive pain in the hospital despite consuming more analgesics during the first 3 hours and the first 24 hours in the CCU. The time between onset of symptoms and decision to go to the hospital was not influenced by the intensity of pain before admission, but patients with larger infarcts made their decision much faster than those with smaller infarcts. In conclusion, infarct size, a major determinant of the initial prognosis, appeared to influence the initial pain course in the CCU and to markedly affect the delay time between onset of symptoms and the decision to seek medical care.
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