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- Ohlsson, Claes, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Regulation of bone mass by the gut microbiota is dependent on NOD1 and NOD2 signaling
- 2017
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Ingår i: Cellular Immunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0008-8749. ; 317, s. 55-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Germ-free (GF) mice have increased bone mass that is normalized by colonization with gut microbiota (GM) from conventionally raised (CONV-R) mice. To determine if innate immune signaling pathways mediated the effect of the GM, we studied the skeleton of GF and CONV-R mice with targeted inactivation of MYD88, NOD1 or NOD2. In contrast to WT and Myd88(-/-) mice, cortical bone thickness in mice lacking Nodi or Nod2 was not increased under GF conditions. The expression of Tnf alpha and the osteoclastogenic factor Rankl in bone was reduced in GF compared to CONV-R WT mice but not in Nodl(-/-) or Nod2(-/-) mice indicating that the effect of the GM to increase Tnfa and Rankl in bone and to reduce bone mass is dependent on both NOD1 and NOD2 signaling.
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2. |
- Schwarzer, M., et al.
(författare)
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Microbe-mediated intestinal NOD2 stimulation improves linear growth of undernourished infant mice
- 2023
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 379:6634
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The intestinal microbiota is known to influence postnatal growth. We previously found that a strain of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (strain LpWJL) buffers the adverse effects of chronic undernutrition on the growth of juvenile germ-free mice. Here, we report that LpWJLsustains the postnatal growth of malnourished conventional animals and supports both insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin production and activity. We have identified cell walls isolated from LpWJL, as well as muramyl dipeptide and mifamurtide, as sufficient cues to stimulate animal growth despite undernutrition. Further, we found that NOD2 is necessary in intestinal epithelial cells for LpWJL-mediated IGF-1 production and for postnatal growth promotion in malnourished conventional animals. These findings indicate that, coupled with renutrition, bacteria cell walls or purified NOD2 ligands have the potential to alleviate stunting.
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