| 1. |
- Hudson, Thomas J., et al.
(författare)
-
International network of cancer genome projects
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 464:7291, s. 993-998
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) was launched to coordinate large-scale cancer genome studies in tumours from 50 different cancer types and/or subtypes that are of clinical and societal importance across the globe. Systematic studies of more than 25,000 cancer genomes at the genomic, epigenomic and transcriptomic levels will reveal the repertoire of oncogenic mutations, uncover traces of the mutagenic influences, define clinically relevant subtypes for prognosis and therapeutic management, and enable the development of new cancer therapies.
|
|
| 2. |
- Stenström, Pernilla, et al.
(författare)
-
Total colonic aganglionosis: : a multicenter study of surgical treatment and patient-reported outcomes up to adulthood
- 2020
-
Ingår i: BJS Open. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2474-9842. ; 4:5, s. 943-953
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Surgery for total colonic aganglionosis (TCA) is designed to preserve continence and achieve satisfactory quality of life. This study evaluated a comprehensive group of clinical and social outcomes.Methods: An international multicentre study from eight Nordic hospitals involving examination of case records and a patient-reported questionnaire survey of all patients born with TCA between 1987 and 2006 was undertaken.Results: Of a total of 116 patients, five (4 center dot 3 per cent) had died and 102 were traced. Over a median follow-up of 12 (range 0 center dot 3-33) years, bowel continuity was established in 75 (73 center dot 5 per cent) at a median age of 11 (0 center dot 5-156) months. Mucosectomy with a short muscular cuff and straight ileoanal anastomosis (SIAA) (29 patients) or with aJpouch (JIAA) (26) were the most common reconstructions (55 of 72, 76 per cent). Major early postoperative complications requiring surgical intervention were observed in four (6 per cent) of the 72 patients. In 57 children aged over 4 years, long-term functional bowel symptoms after reconstruction included difficulties in holding back defaecation in 22 (39 per cent), more than one faecal accident per week in nine (16 per cent), increased frequency of defaecation in 51 (89 per cent), and social restrictions due to bowel symptoms in 35 (61 per cent). Enterocolitis occurred in 35 (47 per cent) of 72 patients. Supplementary enteral and/or parenteral nutrition was required by 51 (55 per cent) of 93 patients at any time during follow-up. Of 56 responders aged 2-20 years, true low BMI for age was found in 20 (36 per cent) and 13 (23 per cent) were short for age.Conclusion: Reconstruction for TCA was associated with persistent bowel symptoms, and enterocolitis remained common. Multidisciplinary follow-up, including continuity of care in adulthood, might improve care standards in patients with TCA.
|
|
| 3. |
- Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., et al.
(författare)
-
Determinants of morbidity and mortality following emergency abdominal surgery in children in low-income and middle-income countries
- 2016
-
Ingår i: BMJ Global Health. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2059-7908. ; 1:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Child health is a key priority on the global health agenda, yet the provision of essential and emergency surgery in children is patchy in resource-poor regions. This study was aimed to determine the mortality risk for emergency abdominal paediatric surgery in low-income countries globally.Methods: Multicentre, international, prospective, cohort study. Self-selected surgical units performing emergency abdominal surgery submitted prespecified data for consecutive children aged <16 years during a 2-week period between July and December 2014. The United Nation's Human Development Index (HDI) was used to stratify countries. The main outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality, analysed by multilevel logistic regression.Results: This study included 1409 patients from 253 centres in 43 countries; 282 children were under 2 years of age. Among them, 265 (18.8%) were from low-HDI, 450 (31.9%) from middle-HDI and 694 (49.3%) from high-HDI countries. The most common operations performed were appendectomy, small bowel resection, pyloromyotomy and correction of intussusception. After adjustment for patient and hospital risk factors, child mortality at 30 days was significantly higher in low-HDI (adjusted OR 7.14 (95% CI 2.52 to 20.23), p<0.001) and middle-HDI (4.42 (1.44 to 13.56), p=0.009) countries compared with high-HDI countries, translating to 40 excess deaths per 1000 procedures performed.Conclusions: Adjusted mortality in children following emergency abdominal surgery may be as high as 7 times greater in low-HDI and middle-HDI countries compared with high-HDI countries. Effective provision of emergency essential surgery should be a key priority for global child health agendas.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Borg, Jennie, et al.
(författare)
-
Konsumenter om julblommor : en explorativ undersökning av 100 konsumenters preferenser och köp
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Landskap, trädgård, jordbruk : rapportserie. - 1654-5427.
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study derives from an overall question regarding the growth and competitiveness of the Swedish ornamental industry, more specific to what extent imports gain market share at the expense of the domestic production. The present study deals with the issue of consumer preferences and purchases of Christmas flowers. We ask to what extent consumers are traditional or not in their choices of Christmas flowers. A convenient sample of 100 respondents was recruited outside a major shopping mall in Lund after Christmas. The respondents were asked to fill out a questionnaire consisting of questions regarding their preferences for and actual purchases of flowers for Christmas, as well as attitudinal questions related to Christmas and flowers. The result shows that Amaryllis is the favourite flower for Christmas, and that the two most important product attributes are that the flowers stay fresh and last for a long time and that they are easy to take care of. The result also shows that Christmas flowers have a given role in the Christmas tradition, and that they contribute to the festive spirit. A majority of the respondents are traditional in their choices of Christmas flowers; however, there is a segment (around 20 per cent) that prefers less traditional flowers for Christmas. In spite of its limitation and aggregated level, it is clear from the official statistics that the imports of pot plants and bedding plants are growing while the Swedish production is rather stable. If the number of consumers who prefer more trendy flowers for Christmas will increase in the future, the Swedish growers might face problems if they do not offer trendy alternatives. To conclude, the result indicates that there is a group of consumers who prefer and buy less traditional flowers for Christmas. However, we did not manage to characterise this group of consumers based on demographic variables. We believe there is a great need for more consumer research within the area, in order to better map out consumer preferences and choices of flowers. Moreover, background variables, such as lifestyle and values, would probably result in a better understanding of consumer preferences and choices than mere demographic variables
|
|
| 6. |
- Borg, Jennie, et al.
(författare)
-
Växande växtmarknad : tillväxt och utveckling i produktion, handel och konsumtion av blommor och växter i Skåne
- 2010
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Marknaden för blommor och växter uppvisade höga tillväxtsiffror under 2000-talets första år. I denna rapport beskrivs utvecklingen med fokus på odling och försäljning i Skåne. Övergripande frågeställning har varit hur denna bransch klarar sig i konkurrensen och målet att ge en bred beskrivning över utvecklingen i odlings-. detaljist- och konsumentledet. Värdet av den svenska produktionen av krukväxter och utplanteringsväxter uppgick 2006 till drygt 600 miljoner kronor, en siffra som varit relativt oförändrad sedan 1995. Samtidigt har värdet av importen ökat kraftigt. I Sverige produceras 40-50 miljoner krukväxter per år. Produktionen visar en svagt minskande trend i ett tioårsperspektiv med en liten ökning vid den senaste mätningen, 2008. Den skånska krukväxtproduktionen är mer framgångsrik än odlingen av utplanteringsväxter. Detaljistledets aktörer blir allt större och företagen visar på ökande omsättning. I ett urval av tio försäljningsställen genomfördes en butiksinventering där prisnivån mättes genom att priserna i en för årstiden representativ varukorg jämfördes. Dyrast krukväxter fanns hos marknadsledaren Plantagen, och de billigaste hos Bauhaus och Coop Forum. Undersökningen visade också att ursprungsmärkning och varumärken var sällsynta. Odlarna har svårt att nå ut med någon profilering till konsument. Data över konsumtionen är bristfälliga men värdet anges till 9-10 miljarder. Data från SCB visar en stadig värdeökning fram till 2006, med 25 procent under fyra år. Uppgifter från tidningen Market visar plus 18 procent 2002 till 2006 och fortsatt värdeökningen (+ 3 %) 2007 men denna bröts 2008, då konsumtionsvärdet minskade med en halv procent. Konsumtionsdata från GfK visar på variationer mellan dessa år men i stort sett oförändrade värden 2006 till 2009. Skillnaderna mellan de olika källorna för värdets utveckling beror troligtvis på att man mäter olika saker; i SCB och Market mäts inte bara snittblommor och krukväxter utan även till exempel plantskoleväxter, jord och liknande. Strukturomvandlingen, nyetableringarna och koncentrationen i detaljistledet riskerar medföra minskad förhandlingsstyrka för de skånska odlarna, men de stora aktörerna kan också stärka växtintresset från konsumenternas sida. Producenterna bör se upp så att man inte missar utvecklingen i gardencenterbranschen och detta ökade intresse. Risken finns att man blir fast i mitten; inte tillräckligt stora för att konkurrera med ökad import till låga priser och inte tillräckligt specialiserade på ett unikt sortiment. Abstract This report is the result of a project titled Growing plants market, financed by the foundation Sparbanksstiftelsen Skåne. The project has run parallel to the program for growth in Swedish horticulture (Tillväxt Trädgård http://www.tillvaxtprogram.slu.se ) which deals with all horticultural products. The focus here has been on pot plants and annual bedding plants produced in the southern region, Skåne, which is a horticultural cluster in Sweden. The descriptions and discussions are made within the strategic frameworks of Michael Porter. The annual domestic production consists of some 40 to 50 Million pot plants and the same amount of bedding plants, at a total value of around SEK 600 Millions (€ 60 millions). Imports are increasing and gaining markets shares. The producers in Skåne are more successful on the pot plant market than on the market for bedding plants. Bulbs in pots are increasing while cut flowers show decreasing figures, with the exception of tulips - a product for which the southern region holds no more than fifteen percent of total domestic production. The retail sector is going through fast structural changes with fewer and larger firms. The two largest garden centre companies Plantagen and Blomsterlandet, each with a turnover of more than SEK 1,000 Million in 2008, are expanding. Independent retailers are forming new coalitions. Observation of prices and assortments in ten retail units showed big differences in price of similar plants and showed that the market leader Plantagen had the highest price level, in spite of a marketing image of good low price products. The origin of the pot plants was not easily detected and the garden centres did not display origin or brands to any large extent. The local growers have thus not succeeded in profiling their products to the consumers. Consumption data are scarce and incoherent, but the total value of plants, cut flowers, pots and the like amounts to around SEK 9,000 to 10,000 Millions. The market increased by 18 to 25 per cent 2002 to 2006 (depending on the database used). The latest figures show a further rise 2007 and then a slight fall in 2008. Data from GfK on consumer level show no considerable changes between 2006 and 2009 in purchase of plants and flowers. Case studies of eight firms showed that the 2009 season was good in spite of the recession. The growth in sales from large firms may consist of other garden equipment. The gardens centres sell a full range of products and the smaller ones compete by means of special plants, inspiring shops and more services, while the supermarkets have a much narrower assortment. Structural changes and a higher degree of market concentration, with new actors, owners and capital, may lead to less bargaining power of the growers and their main sales organisation Mäster Grön, but the big outlets could also help enhance the interest of the consumers. This development must be taken advantage of by the local growers, who otherwise risk being stuck in the middle: not large enough to reap economies of scale and compete with imports and not specialised enough in a unique assortment of plants.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Drake, TM, et al.
(författare)
-
Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in children: an international, multicentre, prospective cohort study
- 2020
-
Ingår i: BMJ global health. - : BMJ. - 2059-7908. ; 5:12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). However, there is a lack of data available about SSI in children worldwide, especially from low-income and middle-income countries. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of SSI in children and associations between SSI and morbidity across human development settings.MethodsA multicentre, international, prospective, validated cohort study of children aged under 16 years undergoing clean-contaminated, contaminated or dirty gastrointestinal surgery. Any hospital in the world providing paediatric surgery was eligible to contribute data between January and July 2016. The primary outcome was the incidence of SSI by 30 days. Relationships between explanatory variables and SSI were examined using multilevel logistic regression. Countries were stratified into high development, middle development and low development groups using the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI).ResultsOf 1159 children across 181 hospitals in 51 countries, 523 (45·1%) children were from high HDI, 397 (34·2%) from middle HDI and 239 (20·6%) from low HDI countries. The 30-day SSI rate was 6.3% (33/523) in high HDI, 12·8% (51/397) in middle HDI and 24·7% (59/239) in low HDI countries. SSI was associated with higher incidence of 30-day mortality, intervention, organ-space infection and other HAIs, with the highest rates seen in low HDI countries. Median length of stay in patients who had an SSI was longer (7.0 days), compared with 3.0 days in patients who did not have an SSI. Use of laparoscopy was associated with significantly lower SSI rates, even after accounting for HDI.ConclusionThe odds of SSI in children is nearly four times greater in low HDI compared with high HDI countries. Policies to reduce SSI should be prioritised as part of the wider global agenda.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Gaudet, Mia M., et al.
(författare)
-
Common Genetic Variants and Modification of Penetrance of BRCA2-Associated Breast Cancer
- 2010
-
Ingår i: PLoS Genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7404. ; 6:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The considerable uncertainty regarding cancer risks associated with inherited mutations of BRCA2 is due to unknown factors. To investigate whether common genetic variants modify penetrance for BRCA2 mutation carriers, we undertook a two-staged genome-wide association study in BRCA2 mutation carriers. In stage 1 using the Affymetrix 6.0 platform, 592,163 filtered SNPs genotyped were available on 899 young (, 40 years) affected and 804 unaffected carriers of European ancestry. Associations were evaluated using a survival-based score test adjusted for familial correlations and stratified by country of the study and BRCA2*6174delT mutation status. The genomic inflation factor (lambda) was 1.011. The stage 1 association analysis revealed multiple variants associated with breast cancer risk: 3 SNPs had p-values, 10 25 and 39 SNPs had p-values<10(-4). These variants included several previously associated with sporadic breast cancer risk and two novel loci on chromosome 20 (rs311499) and chromosome 10 (rs16917302). The chromosome 10 locus was in ZNF365, which contains another variant that has recently been associated with breast cancer in an independent study of unselected cases. In stage 2, the top 85 loci from stage 1 were genotyped in 1,264 cases and 1,222 controls. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for stage 1 and 2 were combined and estimated using a retrospective likelihood approach, stratified by country of residence and the most common mutation, BRCA2*6174delT. The combined per allele HR of the minor allele for the novel loci rs16917302 was 0.75 (95% CI 0.66-0.86, p = 3: 8 x 10(-5)) and for rs311499 was 0.72 (95% CI 0.61-0.85, p = 6: 6 x 10(-5)). FGFR2 rs2981575 had the strongest association with breast cancer risk (per allele HR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.18-1.39, p = 1: 2 x 10(-8)). These results indicate that SNPs that modify BRCA2 penetrance identified by an agnostic approach thus far are limited to variants that also modify risk of sporadic BRCA2 wild-type breast cancer.
|
|
