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- Agha, R. A., et al.
(författare)
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The SCARE 2018 statement: Updating consensus Surgical CAse REport (SCARE) guidelines
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Surgery. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1743-9191. ; 60, s. 132-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The SCARE Guidelines were published in 2016 to provide a structure for reporting surgical case reports. Since their publication, SCARE guidelines have been widely endorsed by authors, journal editors, and reviewers, and have helped to improve reporting transparency of case reports across a range of surgical specialties. In order to encourage further progress in reporting quality, the SCARE guidelines must themselves be kept up to date. We completed a Delphi consensus exercise to update the SCARE guidelines. Methods: A Delphi consensus exercise was undertaken. All members of the previous Delphi group were invited to participate, in addition to researchers who have previously studied case reports, and editors from the International Journal of Surgery Case Reports. The expert group was sent an online questionnaire where they were asked to rate their agreement with proposed changes to each of the 24 items. Results: 56 people agreed to participate and 45 (80%) invitees completed the survey which put forward modifications to the original guideline. The collated responses resulted in modifications. There was high agreement amongst the expert group. Conclusion: A modified and improved SCARE checklist is presented, after a Delphi consensus exercise was completed. The SCARE 2018 Statement: Updating Consensus Surgical CAse REport (SCARE) Guidelines. © 2018
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- Grill, G., et al.
(författare)
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Mapping the world's free-flowing rivers
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 569:7755, s. 215-221
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Free-flowing rivers (FFRs) support diverse, complex and dynamic ecosystems globally, providing important societal and economic services. Infrastructure development threatens the ecosystem processes, biodiversity and services that these rivers support. Here we assess the connectivity status of 12 million kilometres of rivers globally and identify those that remain free-flowing in their entire length. Only 37 per cent of rivers longer than 1,000 kilometres remain free-flowing over their entire length and 23 per cent flow uninterrupted to the ocean. Very long FFRs are largely restricted to remote regions of the Arctic and of the Amazon and Congo basins. In densely populated areas only few very long rivers remain free-flowing, such as the Irrawaddy and Salween. Dams and reservoirs and their up- and downstream propagation of fragmentation and flow regulation are the leading contributors to the loss of river connectivity. By applying a new method to quantify riverine connectivity and map FFRs, we provide a foundation for concerted global and national strategies to maintain or restore them.
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- Yannuzzi, M., et al.
(författare)
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TEFIS: A Single Access Point for Conducting Multifaceted Experiments on Heterogeneous Test Facilities
- 2014
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Ingår i: Computer Networks. - : Elsevier BV. - 1389-1286 .- 1872-7069. ; 63, s. 147-172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A few years ago, an experimental facility composed of networking gear and simulation tools was sufficient for testing the main features of a prototype before the final product could be launched to the Internet market. This paradigm has certainly changed, but the lack of platforms enabling the realistic assessment of the different facets of a product, including cross-cutting trials across different testbeds, poses strong limitations for researchers and developers. In light of this, we present an open platform that offers a versatile combination of heterogeneous experimental facilities called “TEstbed for Future Internet Services” (TEFIS). TEFIS provides a single access point for conducting cutting-edge experiments on testbeds that supply different capabilities, including testbeds dedicated to network performance, software performance, grid computing, and living labs. We shall show that TEFIS covers the entire life-cycle of a multifaceted experiment, with the advantage that a single testrun can seamlessly execute across different experimental facilities. In order to demonstrate the potential and versatility of the TEFIS platform, we describe the deployment of four distinct experiments and provide a set of results highlighting the benefits of using TEFIS. The experiments described in this article cover: i) the experimentation with an open API called OPENER (which is an open and programmable environment for managing experimentation with SDN applications); ii) an application for skiers and tourists at the Megève ski resort in France; iii) an application that can dynamically adapt the Quality of Experience (QoE) of multimedia services for mobile users; and iv) an augmented reality workspace for remote education and learning purposes based on videoconferencing.
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- Cocozza, S., et al.
(författare)
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Redefining the Pulvinar Sign in Fabry Disease
- 2017
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Ingår i: American Journal of Neuroradiology. - 0195-6108 .- 1936-959X. ; 38:12, s. 2264-2269
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The pulvinar sign refers to exclusive T1WI hyperintensity of the lateral pulvinar. Long considered a common sign of Fabry disease, the pulvinar sign has been reported in many pathologic conditions. The exact incidence of the pulvinar sign has never been tested in representative cohorts of patients with Fabry disease. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of the pulvinar sign in Fabry disease by analyzing T1WI in a large Fabry disease cohort, determining whether relaxometry changes could be detected in this region independent of the pulvinar sign positivity.MATERIALS AND METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed brain MR imaging of 133 patients with Fabry disease recruited through specialized care clinics. A subgroup of 26 patients underwent a scan including 2 FLASH sequences for relaxometry that were compared with MRI scans of 34 healthy controls.RESULTS:The pulvinar sign was detected in 4 of 133 patients with Fabry disease (3.0%). These 4 subjects were all adult men (4 of 53, 7.5% of the entire male population) with renal failure and under enzyme replacement therapy. When we tested for discrepancies between Fabry disease and healthy controls in quantitative susceptibility mapping and relaxometry maps, no significant difference emerged for any of the tested variables.CONCLUSIONS:The pulvinar sign has a significantly lower incidence in Fabry disease than previously described. This finding, coupled with a lack of significant differences in quantitative MR imaging, allows hypothesizing that selective involvement of the pulvinar is a rare neuroradiologic sign of Fabry disease.
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- Evans, D. L., et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable futures over the next decade are rooted in soil science
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Soil Science. - : Wiley. - 1351-0754 .- 1365-2389. ; 73:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The importance of soils to society has gained increasing recognition over the past decade, with the potential to contribute to most of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). With unprecedented and growing demands for food, water and energy, there is an urgent need for a global effort to address the challenges of climate change and land degradation, whilst protecting soil as a natural resource. In this paper, we identify the contribution of soil science over the past decade to addressing gaps in our knowledge regarding major environmental challenges: climate change, food security, water security, urban development, and ecosystem functioning and biodiversity. Continuing to address knowledge gaps in soil science is essential for the achievement of the SDGs. However, with limited time and budget, it is also pertinent to identify effective methods of working that ensure the research carried out leads to real-world impact. Here, we suggest three strategies for the next decade of soil science, comprising a greater implementation of research into policy, interdisciplinary partnerships to evaluate function trade-offs and synergies between soils and other environmental domains, and integrating monitoring and modelling methods to ensure soil-based policies can withstand the uncertainties of the future. Highlights: We highlight the contributions of soil science to five major environmental challenges since 2010. Researchers have contributed to recommendation reports, but work is rarely translated into policy. Interdisciplinary work should assess trade-offs and synergies between soils and other domains. Integrating monitoring and modelling is key for robust and sustainable soils-based policymaking.
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- Polymeri, Erini, et al.
(författare)
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Deep learning-based quantification of PET/CT prostate gland uptake : association with overall survival
- 2020
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Ingår i: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - Chichester : Blackwell Publishing. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 40:2, s. 106-113
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To validate a deep-learning (DL) algorithm for automated quantification of prostate cancer on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and explore the potential of PET/CT measurements as prognostic biomarkers. Material and methods: Training of the DL-algorithm regarding prostate volume was performed on manually segmented CT images in 100 patients. Validation of the DL-algorithm was carried out in 45 patients with biopsy-proven hormone-naïve prostate cancer. The automated measurements of prostate volume were compared with manual measurements made independently by two observers. PET/CT measurements of tumour burden based on volume and SUV of abnormal voxels were calculated automatically. Voxels in the co-registered 18F-choline PET images above a standardized uptake value (SUV) of 2·65, and corresponding to the prostate as defined by the automated segmentation in the CT images, were defined as abnormal. Validation of abnormal voxels was performed by manual segmentation of radiotracer uptake. Agreement between algorithm and observers regarding prostate volume was analysed by Sørensen-Dice index (SDI). Associations between automatically based PET/CT biomarkers and age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), Gleason score as well as overall survival were evaluated by a univariate Cox regression model. Results: The SDI between the automated and the manual volume segmentations was 0·78 and 0·79, respectively. Automated PET/CT measures reflecting total lesion uptake and the relation between volume of abnormal voxels and total prostate volume were significantly associated with overall survival (P = 0·02), whereas age, PSA, and Gleason score were not. Conclusion: Automated PET/CT biomarkers showed good agreement to manual measurements and were significantly associated with overall survival. © 2019 The Authors. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Scandinavian Society of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine
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- Ying, T. M., et al.
(författare)
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Automated artificial intelligence-based analysis of skeletal muscle volume predicts overall survival after cystectomy for urinary bladder cancer
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Radiology Experimental. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2509-9280. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Radical cystectomy for urinary bladder cancer is a procedure associated with a high risk of complications, and poor overall survival (OS) due to both patient and tumour factors. Sarcopenia is one such patient factor. We have developed a fully automated artificial intelligence (AI)-based image analysis tool for segmenting skeletal muscle of the torso and calculating the muscle volume. Methods All patients who have undergone radical cystectomy for urinary bladder cancer 2011-2019 at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, and who had a pre-operative computed tomography of the abdomen within 90 days of surgery were included in the study. All patients CT studies were analysed with the automated AI-based image analysis tool. Clinical data for the patients were retrieved from the Swedish National Register for Urinary Bladder Cancer. Muscle volumes dichotomised by the median for each sex were analysed with Cox regression for OS and logistic regression for 90-day high-grade complications. The study was approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (2020-03985). Results Out of 445 patients who underwent surgery, 299 (67%) had CT studies available for analysis. The automated AI-based tool failed to segment the muscle volume in seven (2%) patients. Cox regression analysis showed an independent significant association with OS (HR 1.62; 95% CI 1.07-2.44; p = 0.022). Logistic regression did not show any association with high-grade complications. Conclusion The fully automated AI-based CT image analysis provides a low-cost and meaningful clinical measure that is an independent biomarker for OS following radical cystectomy.
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