| 1. |
- Borsuk, İmren, et al.
(författare)
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Consolidating and Contesting Authoritarian Neoliberalism in Turkey: Towards a Framework
- 2022
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Ingår i: Authoritarian Neoliberalism and Resistance in Turkey : Construction, Consolidation, and Contestation - Construction, Consolidation, and Contestation. - Singapore : Springer Singapore. - 9789811642128 - 9789811642135 ; , s. 11-59
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the early years of the ruling Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi (Justice and Development Party, AKP), Turkey was seen as a burgeoning democratic power propped up by economic prosperity in line with the reforms for European Union (EU) accession and International Monetary Fund (IMF) conditionality. However, 20 years later, it is considered an emblematic case of democratic backsliding in line with rising poverty and inequalities that have been amplified as a result of sweeping neoliberal reforms and authoritarian consolidation in the country. The recent literature has identified these concomitant and complementary modes of authoritarian governance and neoliberal policies in Turkey as ‘authoritarian neoliberalism’. In this chapter, we discuss the dynamics of consolidation of authoritarian neoliberalism in Turkey as well as the acts of contention against it. Building mainly on the eight case studies presented in this volume, we put forward a framework that explains the consolidation of authoritarian neoliberalism in Turkey through the mechanisms of executive centralisation, autocratic legalism, cronyism, violence-fuelled rentier accumulation, criminalisation and stigmatisation, and contestations against authoritarian neoliberalism through strikes, protests, demonstrations, network building, litigation, everyday struggles, and armed acts of contention.
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| 2. |
- Borsuk, İmren, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction
- 2022
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Ingår i: Authoritarian Neoliberalism and Resistance in Turkey : Construction, Consolidation, and Contestation - Construction, Consolidation, and Contestation. - Singapore : Springer Singapore. - 9789811642128 - 9789811642135 ; , s. 1-10
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Borsuk, Imren, et al.
(författare)
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Displacement and asset transformation from inner-city squatter settlement into peripheral mass housing
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Urban and Regional Studies. - : SAGE Publications. - 0969-7764 .- 1461-7145. ; 27:2, s. 142-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While slum clearance projects in the Global South have displaced a large number of urban poor from the inner city to peripheral areas, peripheral mass housing estates have been developed as a spatial fix to improve the livelihood of the urban poor through slum development projects. Shifting the focus of displacement and poverty studies on changing assets and social experiences of displacement, this study makes an empirical contribution to the literature with a case study from Turkey. It demonstrates that mass housing projects that increase the importance of market-based processes and financial assets at the expense of intangible assets (household relations and social capital) make the urban poor more vulnerable to displacement pressure and external shocks. Using the example of a mass housing project in Turkey designed for the relocation of a highly concentrated Kurdish migrant squatter settlement, this research demonstrates that slum development projects can cause different types of displacement, divesting residents of opportunities to accumulate assets and reconstruct a sense of place. The research demonstrates that the dissolution of intangible assets and the exclusion of social spaces that are important to relocated residents in the mass housing estate bring about community displacement in the case of Kurdish residents. Also, relocated squatters feel pressured by the ongoing and daily experiences of displacement-notably everyday, symbolic and temporal displacement-as the spatial design of the mass housing unfamiliar with the livelihood of squatter dwellers constrains their opportunities to appropriate neighbourhood space in everyday life and enact a sense of place.
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| 5. |
- Borsuk, Imren
(författare)
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Gendered dispossession and women's changing poverty by slum/squatter redevelopment projects : A case study from Turkey
- 2023
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 55:5, s. 1190-1206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Informal settlements have been crucial sites of spatial dispossession and neoliberal urbanization with the displacement of the urban poor from profitable urban areas. This study examines the gendered implications of dispossession and changing dimensions of women's poverty as a result of slum/squatter redevelopment projects. Based on the research of the Kadifekale Urban Transformation Project in Turkey that resettled residents of a highly concentrated Kurdish migrant squatter settlement into a new mass housing estate, the study highlights the impacts of profit-driven urban development projects on women's access to affordable housing, support networks, care work, and employment opportunities. Kurdish women's experiences of displacement and resettlement illustrate in particular the intersectional aspects of gendered dispossession and asset erosion with their exclusion from affordable housing options, dispersal of their communities, and separation from their ethnic employment niches. Drawing upon dispossession and feminist development literature, the study sheds light upon the gendered experiences of displacement, changing livelihood opportunities, gendered access and control over resources, and strategies of resistance that result from slum redevelopment projects.
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| 6. |
- Borsuk, Imren, et al.
(författare)
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Social coexistence and violence during Turkey's authoritarian transition
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Southeast European and Black Sea Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1468-3857 .- 1743-9639. ; 21:2, s. 175-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recent authoritarian turn and democratic backsliding around the world have raised concerns over increased instability and violent conflicts. Turkey is a striking example of this authoritarian turn with the transition from a multiparty democracy to a competitive authoritarian regime. With seven in-depth case studies from Turkey, this special issue sheds light upon the changing dynamics of violence and social coexistence in countries that experience democratic decline from a transdisciplinary perspective. In this introductory article, we briefly trace the authoritarian transition and societal fault lines in Turkey, discuss the case studies presented in this special issue, and draw out our contribution to the literature.
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