| 1. |
- Bostedt, Göran, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Contingent values as implicit contracts : Estimating minimum legal willingness to pay for conservation of large carnivores in Sweden
- 2008
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Ingår i: Environmental and Resource Economics. - : Springer Netherlands. - 0924-6460 .- 1573-1502. ; 39:2, s. 189-198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mean willingness-to-pay (WTP) based on multiple bounded, discrete choice responses from contingent valuation surveys are normally obtained using some kind of parametric estimator. This paper instead exploits the possibility to interpret the response to the discrete-choice question as an implicit contract between the researcher and the respondent, resulting in a minimum legal WTP (MLW) estimator. Never previously used in valuation literature, it is used in this paper to estimate the WTP for the preservation of large carnivores in Sweden, based on a large scale, national survey. Results show that MLW estimates only were 12–19% of the comparable parametric estimates. In keeping with other results in contingent valuation literature, we find that the MLW estimates are positively related to the educational level, income and the fraction of urban population, while negatively related to age. Among the advantages of the MLW estimator is its transparency as well as the fact that it rests on a contractual notion of WTP.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Ericsson, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Are wolves driving willingness to pay for large carnivores? : Wolves as a symbol for people’s willingness to pay for large carnivore conservation
- 2008
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Ingår i: Society & Natural Resources. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0894-1920 .- 1521-0723. ; 21:4, s. 294-309
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A successful implementation of a mammalian conservation policy requires knowledge of how people value animals. Little is known about how people value large carnivores. The discussion is therefore dominated by people's perception of wolves. In a mail survey (65% response rate) we asked persons residing in areas with populations of wolves, bears, lynx, and wolverines whether they were willing to pay to reach the national conservation goals for those species. We compared 69 Swedish counties with a representative national sample of Swedes living outside the areas with large carnivores. We found that the behavioral intention willingness to pay (WTP) was negatively related to the presence of wolves, to the urban profile, and to opposition against the European Union Monetary Union. We encourage future studies to compare national surveys with local samples in controversial issues to discover conflicting views among national, regional, and local natural resource management stakeholders.
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| 4. |
- Ericsson, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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The problem of spatial scale when studying human dimensions of a natural resource conflict : Human and wolves in Sweden
- 2006
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Biodiversity Science and Management. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1745-1590 .- 1745-1604. ; 2:4, s. 343-349
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Some surveys are performed at a spatial scale that hides the core of the problem. This is not a trivial problem if local members of the public and more distant respondents disagree over a certain issue. We contrast a Swedish national, proportional survey with corresponding regional and local surveys. We use three survey questions about wolves to illustrate the risk of extrapolation from proportional national surveys to areas where human and nature conservation issues are in conflict. As attitudes towards large carnivores generally tend to be favourable amongst the general public, but negative amongst those most likely to be adversely affected, surveys performed at a too large a spatial scale do not capture the problem or reveal disagreements between local and general public. This could lead to a conceptual mismatch between the spatial scales of, first, the natural resource problem and, second human population sampling. Our study in the mountain region of northern Sweden illustrates biases potentially introduced to controversial issues tied to local problems by using proportional national surveys. We suggest over-sampling in problem areas contrasted with proportional regional/national sampling, or proportional sampling matching the scale of problem, to identify the driving mechanisms and related variables.
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| 5. |
- Ericsson, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Willingness to pay (WTP) for wolverine Gulo gulo conservation
- 2007
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Ingår i: Wildlife Biology. - 0909-6396 .- 1903-220X. ; 13:Suppl. 2, s. 2-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knowledge about people’s willingness to pay (WTP) for conservation efforts is becoming increasingly important for natural resource management. We used a mail survey with four contacts to 11,418 people, aged 16-65, to investigate how much and why Swedes were willing to pay for wolverine Gulo gulo conservation. With the restricted distribution of European wolverines, Sweden has a key role in their management. We found that Swedes were least likely to support wolverine conservation efforts compared to wolves Canis lupus, lynx Lynx lynx and brown bears Ursus arctos. The amount varied between 965 and 1,233 SEK per person. Of the national representative control group, 47% expressed willingness to pay an average of 1,253 SEK per person. We found that in densely populated urban municipalities with a high proportion of university educated, high female-to-male ratio, positive attitude to the European monetary union (EMU), and a high income, people were more positive towards paying for wolverine conservation. The presence of wolves, but not the presence of any of the other large carnivores, was negatively related to peoples’ WTP for wolverine conservation. This indicates that the presence and related experience of wolves might be the principal driver of people’s perception of all large carnivores, including wolverines.
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| 6. |
- Håkansson, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring distributional determinants of large carnivore conservation in Sweden
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Planning and Management. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0964-0568 .- 1360-0559. ; 54:5, s. 577-595
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to fill the gap in the literature about distributional impacts (who wins and who loses) of implementing new management plans for non-market priced environmental goods and services. The focus is on whether and to what extent, age, gender, presence of large carnivores and income affect willingness-to-pay (WTP) for increasing large carnivore stocks in Sweden. Our results contradict findings from previous studies on large carnivores in the sense that patterns change when different distributional dimensions are analysed together. The results indicate that WTP is independent of the presence of large carnivores, except for the group 'young men'. In general, young men are found to be a disparate group.
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| 9. |
- Andersson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring Transaction Costs for Pastoralists in Multiple Land Use Situations: Reindeer Husbandry in Northern Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Land Economics. - : University of Wisconsin Press. - 0023-7639 .- 1543-8325. ; 91, s. 704-722
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Analysis of transaction costs in multiple land use situations is helpful in policymaking and land use management, especially in natural resource management situations where interdependence prevails. By using reindeer herding–forestry land use management as an example, the aim of this study is to analyze transaction costs among stakeholders in a comanagement situation. The results demonstrate that a key variable driving transaction costs is the presence of a “land use plan for reindeer husbandry,” which is an interesting paradox as reindeer herders pursue the development of these land use plans even though this drives their transaction costs.(JEL D7, Q23)
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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The role of Swedish forests in climate change mitigation - A frame analysis of conflicting interests
- 2022
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Ingår i: Forest Policy and Economics. - : Elsevier. - 1389-9341 .- 1872-7050. ; 144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Forests are assumed to play a significant role in relation to climate change mitigation. However, previous studies show that actor groups’ perspectives vary regarding how to best utilize forests. This paper focuses on exploring frames in recent Swedish forest- and climate politics and to what extent they may form the basis for conflict resolution or contribute to perpetuate conflicts among actors. The analysis of recent forest- and climate policies, and actor groups’ positioning on the issues, builds upon the pathways to sustainability approach in combination with frame analysis. The results showed that ideas based on “Ecological Modernisation†dominated within the forest-climate nexus, but also a clear presence of alternative frames promoting “Sustainable Developmentâ€. As a result, conflicting frames were identified within the policies on how to reach policy targets - stressing both the importance of consensus and neutral dialogue with actors, while concurrently prioritizing an economic perspective.
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