| 1. |
- Allard, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Rasbiologiskt språkbruk i statens rättsprocess mot sameby : DN Debatt 2015-06-11
- 2015
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Statens hantering av forskningsresultat i rättsprocessen med Girjas sameby utgör ett hot mot Sverige som rättsstat och kunskapsnation. Åratal av svensk och internationell forskning underkänns och man använder ett språkbruk som skulle kunna vara hämtat från rasbiologins tid. Nu måste staten ta sitt ansvar och börja agera som en demokratisk rättsstat, skriver 59 forskare.
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| 2. |
- Bostedt, Göran, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Benefits and costs of two temporary no-take zones
- 2020
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Ingår i: Marine Policy. - : Elsevier. - 0308-597X .- 1872-9460. ; 117
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Temporary no-take zones (NTZs) are increasingly introduced in Sweden as a fisheries management tool to restore populations of specific target species. This paper presents a cost-benefit analysis of two real case temporary NTZs closed during a 5–6 year period in the coastal zone of the Baltic Sea, using scenario analysis to account for uncertainty in both the biological and economic effects. A sensitivity analysis was added for certain key parameters. The results of the cost-benefit analyses for the two NTZs are positive in all scenarios relating to the most realistic case of no opportunity costs, i.e., assuming that all fishing activity could be relocated to adjacent areas without cost during the closed period. As an extreme case comparison, full opportunity costs were included, assuming that no fishing activity could be relocated to other areas during the closed period. One of the NTZs then exhibited a negative net result for most scenarios. For the other area the net result was positive even when the maximum opportunity costs of temporary lost fishing opportunities were included, largely depending on the strong positive change in the value of commercial fishing. By demonstrating potential costs and benefits of using temporary no-take zones in fisheries management this study may contribute to policy making, as well as to creating acceptance from stakeholder groups that incur short-term costs from closing areas to fishing.
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| 3. |
- Brännlund, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Railway Timetabling Using Lagrangian Relaxation
- 1998
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Ingår i: Transportation Science. - : Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS). - 0041-1655 .- 1526-5447. ; 32:4, s. 358-369
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a novel optimization approach for the timetabling problem of a railway company, i.e., scheduling of a set of trains to obtain a profit maximizing timetable, while not violating track capacity constraints. The scheduling decisions are based on estimates of the value of running different types of service at specified times. We model the problem as a very large integer programming problem. The model is flexible in that if allows for general cost functions. We have used a Lagrangian relaxation solution approach, in which the track capacity constraints are relaxed and assigned prices, so that the problem separates into one dynamic program for each physical train. The number of dual variables is very large. However, it turns out that only a small fraction of these are nonzero, wh ich one may take advantage of in the dual updating schemes. The approach has been, tested on a realistic example suggested by the Swedish National Railway Administration. This example contains 18 passenger trains and 8 freight trains to be scheduled during a day on a stretch of single track, consisting of 17 stations. The computation times are rather modest and the obtained timetables are within a few percent of optimality.
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