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| 2. |
- Wibom, Carl, et al.
(författare)
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DNA-repair gene variants are associated with glioblastoma survival
- 2012
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 51:3, s. 325-332
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patient outcome from glioma may be influenced by germline variation. Considering the importance of DNA repair in cancer biology as well as in response to treatment, we studied the relationship between 1458 SNPs, which captured the majority of the common genetic variation in 136 DNA repair genes, in 138 glioblastoma samples from Sweden and Denmark. We confirmed our findings in an independent cohort of 121 glioblastoma patients from the UK. Our analysis revealed nine SNPs annotating MSH2, RAD51L1 and RECQL4 that were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with glioblastoma survival.
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| 3. |
- Åberg, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Helicobacter pylori adapts to chronic infection and gastric disease via ph-responsive baba-mediated adherence
- 2017
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Ingår i: Cell Host and Microbe. - : Elsevier BV. - 1931-3128 .- 1934-6069. ; 21:3, s. 376-389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The BabA adhesin mediates high-affinity binding of Helicobacter pylori to the ABO blood group antigen-glycosylated gastric mucosa. Here we show that BabA is acid responsive-binding is reduced at low pH and restored by acid neutralization. Acid responsiveness differs among strains; often correlates with different intragastric regions and evolves during chronic infection and disease progression; and depends on pH sensor sequences in BabA and on pH reversible formation of high-affinity binding BabA multimers. We propose that BabA's extraordinary reversible acid responsiveness enables tight mucosal bacterial adherence while also allowing an effective escape from epithelial cells and mucus that are shed into the acidic bactericidal lumen and that bio-selection and changes in BabA binding properties through mutation and recombination with babA-related genes are selected by differences among individuals and by changes in gastric acidity over time. These processes generate diverse H. pylori subpopulations, in which BabA's adaptive evolution contributes to H. pylori persistence and overt gastric disease.
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| 4. |
- Amirian, E. Susan, et al.
(författare)
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The Glioma International Case-Control Study : A Report From the Genetic Epidemiology of Glioma International Consortium
- 2016
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Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 183:2, s. 85-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Decades of research have established only a few etiological factors for glioma, which is a rare and highly fatal brain cancer. Common methodological challenges among glioma studies include small sample sizes, heterogeneity of tumor subtypes, and retrospective exposure assessment. Here, we briefly describe the Glioma International Case-Control (GICC) Study (recruitment, 2010-2013), a study being conducted by the Genetic Epidemiology of Glioma International Consortium that integrates data from multiple data collection sites, uses a common protocol and questionnaire, and includes biospecimen collection. To our knowledge, the GICC Study is the largest glioma study to date that includes collection of blood samples, which will allow for genetic analysis and interrogation of gene-environment interactions.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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MNS16A minisatellite genotypes in relation to risk of glioma and meningioma and to glioblastoma outcome.
- 2009
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Ingår i: International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer. - : Wiley. - 1097-0215 .- 0020-7136. ; 125:4, s. 968-972
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene is upregulated in a majority of malignant tumours. A variable tandem repeat, MNS16A, has been reported to be of functional significance for hTERT expression. Published data on the clinical relevance of MNS16A variants in brain tumours have been contradictory. The present population-based study in the Nordic countries and the United Kingdom evaluated brain-tumour risk and survival in relation to MNS16A minisatellite variants in 648 glioma cases, 473 meningioma cases and 1,359 age, sex and geographically matched controls. By PCR-based genotyping all study subjects with fragments of 240 or 271 bp were judged as having short (S) alleles and subjects with 299 or 331 bp fragments as having long (L) alleles. Relative risk of glioma or meningioma was estimated with logistic regression adjusting for age, sex and country. Overall survival was analysed using Kaplan-Meier estimates and equality of survival distributions using the log-rank test and Cox proportional hazard ratios. The MNS16A genotype was not associated with risk of occurrence of glioma, glioblastoma (GBM) or meningioma. For GBM there were median survivals of 15.3, 11.0 and 10.7 months for the LL, LS and SS genotypes, respectively; the hazard ratio for having the LS genotype compared with the LL was significantly increased HR 2.44 (1.56-3.82) and having the SS genotype versus the LL was nonsignificantly increased HR 1.46 (0.81-2.61). When comparing the LL versus having one of the potentially functional variants LS and SS, the HR was 2.10 (1.41-3.1). However, functionality was not supported as there was no trend towards increasing HR with number of S alleles. Collected data from our and previous studies regarding both risk and survival for the MNS16A genotypes are contradictory and warrant further investigations.
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| 6. |
- Berntsson, Shala Ghaderi, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of DNA repair gene polymorphisms and survival in low-grade and anaplastic gliomas
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Neuro-Oncology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0167-594X .- 1573-7373. ; 105:3, s. 531-538
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to explore the variation in DNA repair genes in adults with WHO grade II and III gliomas and their relationship to patient survival. We analysed a total of 1,458 tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were selected to cover DNA repair genes, in 81 grade II and grade III gliomas samples, collected in Sweden and Denmark. The statistically significant genetic variants from the first dataset (P < 0.05) were taken forward for confirmation in a second dataset of 72 grade II and III gliomas from northern UK. In this dataset, eight gene variants mapping to five different DNA repair genes (ATM, NEIL1, NEIL2, ERCC6 and RPA4) which were associated with survival. Finally, these eight genetic variants were adjusted for treatment, malignancy grade, patient age and gender, leaving one variant, rs4253079, mapped to ERCC6, with a significant association to survival (OR 0.184, 95% CI 0.054-0.63, P = 0.007). We suggest a possible novel association between rs4253079 and survival in this group of patients with low-grade and anaplastic gliomas that needs confirmation in larger datasets.
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| 7. |
- Brännström, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Psychosocial work environment among Swedish audiologists
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 52:3, s. 151-161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The study examined the self-reported psychosocial work environment for audiologists working in three practice types (public, completely private, and private but publicly funded).Design: A cross-sectional e-mail survey using the demand-control-support questionnaire, a short version of the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) questionnaire, and descriptive data.Study sample: Five-hundred Swedish licensed audiologists.Results: Overall, the results indicate differences in psychosocial work environment pertaining to the practice types. These differences are small and the type explains few percent of the variability accounted in the measures of psychosocial work environment. Social support seems important for the psychosocial work environment and is considered a reward in itself. Using the demand-control model, 29% of the audiologists reported working in a high-stress psychosocial work environment. Using the ERI-ratio to estimate the imbalance between effort and reward it was shown that that 86% of the participants experienced an unfavorable work situation where the rewards do not correspond to the efforts made.Conclusions: The organizational framework has minor effect on self-reported psychosocial work environment for Swedish licensed audiologists. The percentage of unfavorable ERI-ratios seen in Swedish audiologists seems conspicuously high compared to other working populations in general, but also compared to other health service workers.
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| 8. |
- Brännström, Lotta, 1973-
(författare)
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"Alltså det finns ju ingen respekt!” : Tjejers perspektiv på (o)trygghet och genusrelaterat våld i vardagen– en photovoicestudie
- 2021
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Genusrelaterat våld, och då specifikt killar och mäns våld mot tjejer och kvinnor är ett allvarligt globalt folkhälsoproblem, en kränkning av mänskligarättigheter och ett hot mot ett demokratiskt samhälle. De flesta studierna gällande genusrelaterat våld är genomförda i städer eller stadsnära områden och vi saknar tillräcklig kunskap om våld mot tjejer och unga kvinnor på landsbygd. Därför är det övergripande syftet med licentiatavhandlingen att öka kunskapen om genusrelaterat våld mot tjejer på landsbygd genom den participatoriska metoden photovoice.Licentiatavhandlingen består av en kappa och två publicerade delstudier [I‐II] som syftar till att skapa en djupare förståelse för genusrelaterat våld mot tjejer på landsbygd i Sverige, utifrån tjejers egna perspektiv. I studie [II] utökades syftet till att också diskutera metodens potential att nå nyckelpersoner inom policyfältet och leda till social förändring, utöver dess förmåga att informera och engagera. Det är genomgående kvalitativa studier. Det empiriska materialet består av insamlat data genom photovoice samt workshops och gruppintervjuer [I‐II]. Materialet består även av intervjuer med beslutsfattare (tjänstepersoner och politiker) och material från en inspelad podcast [II]. Insamlat data analyserades med hjälp av induktiv och deduktiv tematisk analys [I], en beskrivande aktionsorienterad analys samt innehållsanalys [II].Analysen i studie [I] utmynnade i två primära teman: det första temat konstant rädsla har två sub‐teman som förklarar en rädsla som är integrerad i tjejernas vardag, och som förminskar deras handlingsutrymmen. Det andra temat fokuserar på de strategier som tjejerna använder för att hantera denna konstanta rädsla, och detta bryts sedan ner i två sub‐teman som visar hur genusnormer till stor del påverkar beteende och förväntningar. Även resultatet i studie [II] visar att tjejernas känsla av kontroll var begränsad och att olika situationer i vardagslivet präglades av känslor av minskat handlingsutrymme och agens. Studien visar också att photovoice är en lämplig metod för att visuellt förmedla deltagarnas perspektiv samt att engagera och informera beslutsfattare, men att enbart metoden i sig inte kan garantera social förändring.Normativa föreställningar om genus påverkar i hög grad både språk och beteende bland ungdomar, och trots att Sverige ofta omtalas och framställs som ett jämställt samhälle finns det flera indikationer på det motsatta. Tjejers handlingsutrymme är betydligt mindre jämfört med killars, och tjejer marginaliseras i en mängd situationer och sociala interaktioner. Deltagarna i studien såg också ett tydligt samband mellan genusrelaterat våld och allvarliga hälsokonsekvenser, och studien hjälper oss förstå hur och på vilket sätt tonårstjejer i Sverige påverkas negativt av genusrelaterat våld. Den alarmerande höga förekomsten av genusrelaterat våld bland unga visar betydelsen av att adressera problemet redan från tidig ålder.
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| 9. |
- Brännström, Lotta, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Girls’ Perspectives on Gendered Violence in Rural Sweden : Photovoice as a Method for Increased Knowledge and Social Change
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Methods. - : SAGE Publications. - 1609-4069. ; 19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research has shown for decades that gendered violence against girls and women is a major public health problem with devastating long-term health consequences for individuals and communities alike. Knowledge of gendered violence against girls and young women thus needs to be increased not only in urban, but also in rural areas, and from girls’ own perspectives. Research methods should also be developed that will facilitate the possibility of reaching policy makers, i.e. to reach those with the power to bring about social change. This study had two main goals. The first was to use photovoice as a methodology to gain increased knowledge about gendered violence against girls and young women in rural Sweden, while the second was to discuss the potential of reaching social change through photovoice as well as offer some critique. We worked with 35 adolescent girls enrolled in an upper secondary school in rural Sweden. Six workshops, which focused on (un)safety, different forms of violence, and the consequences of violence, were analyzed with an action-oriented approach and content analysis. The photovoice material also resulted in an exhibition that was used to reach policy makers. The findings show that the girls’ ability to control their own lives was limited and that a number of different situations in their everyday lives were related to a reduced sense of space and reduced sense of agency. The findings also highlight that the girls were constantly sexually harassed online, which created a feeling of being unable to escape. We argue that photovoice is suitable in mediating girls’ perspectives and in engaging and informing key policy makers, although the method alone cannot assure social change.
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