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- Janz, Niklas, et al.
(author)
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On oscillations and flutterings-A reply to Hamm and Fordyce
- 2016
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In: Evolution. - : Wiley. - 0014-3820 .- 1558-5646. ; 70:5, s. 1150-1155
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The diversification of plant-feeding insects is seen as a spectacular example of evolutionary radiation. Hence, developing hypotheses to explain this diversification, and methods to test them, is an important undertaking. Some years ago, we presented the oscillation hypothesis as a general process that could drive diversification of this and similar interactions, through repeated expansions and contractions of host ranges. Hamm and Fordyce recently presented a study with the outspoken intention of testing this hypothesis where they concluded that the oscillation hypothesis was not supported. We point out several problems with their study, owing both to a misrepresentation of our hypothesis and to the methods. We provide a clarifying description of the oscillation hypothesis, and detail some predictions that follow from it. A reanalysis of the data demonstrated a troubling sensitivity of the "SSE" class of models to small changes in model specification, and we caution against using them for tests of trait-based diversification. Future tests of the hypothesis also need to better acknowledge the processes behind the host range oscillations. We suspect that doing so will resolve some of the apparent conflicts between our hypothesis and the view presented by Hamm and Fordyce.
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- Rocha, Rosana M., et al.
(author)
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Stationary substrates facilitate bioinvasion in paranaguá Bay in Southern Brazil
- 2010
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In: Brazilian Journal of Oceanography. - 1679-8759 .- 1982-436X. ; 58:3, s. 23-28
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Artificial substrates in and near ports and marinas commonly have many non-indigenous species andare the first stepping stone for the establishment of bioinvasors. Substrate movement influencesfouling communities and so understanding of how species assemblages are related to specificsubstrate conditions is crucial as a management tool. Here we describe the species assemblage of thecommunity after six months of development on granite plates in Paranaguá Bay. Species richnesswas similar in the two treatments, with 12 species on floating (constant depth) plates and 15 onstationary (variable depth) plates. However, species composition differed, with the community onfloating plates being dominated by the native bivalve Mytella charruana (66.1 + 5.5% cover) andthat on stationary plates dominated by the barnacles Fistulobalanus citerosum (49.8 + 3.5% cover)and the introduced Amphibalanus reticulatus (33.9 + 3.7% cover). Other introduced species wereGarveia franciscana, on one stationary plate, and Megabalanus coccopoma also on one stationaryplate and not very abundant on half of the floating plates (< 2%). Thus, stationary plates were moresusceptible to introduced species that may become very abundant, suggesting that this type ofsubstrate should be a priority in management for bioinvasion control. We also hypothesize that thenative bivalve M. charruana is the dominant competitor for space on floating substrates, therebyreducing the invasiveness of that type of substrate.
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