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- Brandstrom, J., et al.
(författare)
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Basophil allergen threshold sensitivity and component-resolved diagnostics improve hazelnut allergy diagnosis
- 2015
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : Wiley. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 45:9, s. 1412-1418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundIgE sensitization to hazelnut is common, especially in birch endemic areas. However, its clinical significance often needs to be confirmed by a food challenge. ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical significance of IgE antibodies to hazelnut components and basophil allergen threshold sensitivity (CD-sens) to hazelnut, in relation to double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) in children with a suspected hazelnut allergy. MethodsForty children underwent a DBPCFC. CD-sens to hazelnut as well as IgE antibodies to hazelnut and its components Cor a 1, Cor a 8, Cor a 9 and Cor a 14 were analysed. Serum tryptase was measured before, during and after DBPCFC. ResultsEight children had a positive DBPCFC, and all of them had a high CD-sens value to hazelnut. Of the 32 children that passed the DBPCFC, 31 were very low or negative in CD-sens. A positive DBPCFC corresponded with significantly higher CD-sens values (median 8.9, range 3.3-281) compared to children negative in challenge (median 0.05, range 0-34.7, P<0.0001). Children positive in challenge also had higher levels of IgE-ab to Cor a 9 and Cor a 14 (P<0.01 and P<0.001, respectively) compared with those with a negative challenge. In relation to the results from DBPCFC, the sensitivity of CD-sens and IgE-ab to Cor a 14 was excellent (100%) and the specificity was very high (>97% and >94%, respectively). Five of the eight patients positive at challenge showed an increase in tryptase >20% compared to tryptase baseline levels. Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceCD-sens and component-resolved diagnostics to hazelnut, used separately or in combination, may improve the diagnostic accuracy and safety and reduce overdiagnosis of hazelnut allergy.
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- Brandstrom, J., et al.
(författare)
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Individually dosed omalizumab : an effective treatment for severe peanut allergy
- 2017
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : WILEY. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 47:4, s. 540-550
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Treatment with omalizumab has shown a positive effect on food allergies, but no dosages are established. Basophil allergen threshold sensitivity (CD-sens) can be used to objectively measure omalizumab treatment efficacy and correlates with the outcome of double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge to peanut. Objective To evaluate whether individualized omalizumab treatment monitored by CD-sens could be an effective intervention for suppression of allergic reactions to peanut. Methods Severely peanut allergic adolescents (n = 23) were treated with omalizumab for 8 weeks, and CD-sens was analysed before and after. Based on whether CD-sens was suppressed after 8 weeks, the patients either were subject to a peanut challenge or received eight more weeks with increased dose of omalizumab, followed by peanut challenge or another 8-week cycle of omalizumab. IgE and IgE-antibodies to peanut and its components were analysed before treatment. Results After individualized omalizumab treatment (8-24 weeks), all patients continued with an open peanut challenge with no (n = 18) or mild (n = 5) objective allergic symptoms. Patients (n = 15) needing an elevated omalizumab dose (ED) to suppress CD-sens had significantly higher CD-sens values at baseline 1.49 (0.44-20.5) compared to those (n = 8) who managed with normal dose (ND) 0.32 (0.24-5.5) (P < 0.01). Median ratios for Ara h 2 IgE-ab/IgE were significantly higher in the ED group (17%) compared to the ND group (11%). Conclusions and Clinical Relevance Individually dosed omalizumab, monitored by CD-sens, is an effective and safe treatment for severe peanut allergy. The ratio of IgE-ab to storage protein Ara h 2/IgE as well as CD-sens to peanut may predict the need of a higher omalizumab dose.
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- Richter, J., et al.
(författare)
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An Iranian (Farsi) version of the temperament and character inventory : A cross-cultural comparison
- 2007
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Ingår i: Psychological Reports. - 0033-2941 .- 1558-691X. ; 100:3 II, s. 1218-1228
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Temperament and Character Inventory is a widely used personality questionnaire. It was developed to measure the four temperament dimensions of Novelty Seeking, Harm Avoidance, Reward Dependence, and Persistence, as well as three character dimensions, such as Self-directedness, Cooperativeness, and Self-transcendence, described in Cloninger's unified biosocial theory of personality. In a sample of 300 Germans, 300 Swedes, and 316 Iranian subjects, a factorial structure analysis using the Procrustes rotation method showed the structure of personality to be generally equivalent across cultures. Noteworthy cultural differences between the overall Asian and European subjects reflected by the data were observed in various Temperament and Character dimensions. Seemingly, there are cultural differences in the expression of the various personality facets that require a replacement of many items in the Iranian version. The Temperament and Character Inventory is sensitive to age, sex, and cultural differences in personality. © Psychological Reports 2007.
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