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- Frisk, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Pulmonary function after autologous bone marrow transplantation in children : a long-term prospective study
- 2004
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Ingår i: Bone Marrow Transplantation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0268-3369 .- 1476-5365. ; 33, s. 645-650
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We performed serial pulmonary function tests (PFTs) consisting of spirometry and diffusing capacity in 26 children after BMT. The median follow-up was 10 years. The influence of total body irradiation (TBI) on long-term pulmonary function was of particular interest. In the 20 children who had received TBI, after an initial decrease the PFTs showed recovery, but the mean lung volumes were still significantly decreased 5 years after BMT at 10% below baseline. The proportions of children with restrictive impairment 5 and 10 years after BMT were 20 and 21%, respectively. Only one child was diagnosed with obstructive impairment. The proportions of children with isolated diffusing impairment at 5 and 10 years were 7/20 (35%) and 7/13 (54%), respectively. Six children had received chemotherapy only and showed isolated diffusing impairment as the only long-term sequela in 4/5 and 1/3 at 5 and 10 years. Our main finding was that there was little change in PFTs 1–10 years after BMT. TBI was associated with persistently decreased lung volumes in a proportion of patients, whereas chemotherapy also might have been of importance for the development of impaired gas exchange.
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- Norberg, Åke, et al.
(författare)
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Do ethanol and deuterium oxide distribute into the same water space in healthy volunteers?
- 2001
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Ingår i: Alcoholism. - 0145-6008 .- 1530-0277. ; 25:10, s. 1423-1430
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The volume of distribution at steady state for ethanol (VSS) is thought to be identical to the total body water (TBW). We compared a two-compartment pharmacokinetic model with parallel Michaelis-Menten and first-order renal elimination with the classical one-compartment zero-order elimination model. Ethanol concentration-time profiles were established for breath, venous blood, and urine. The values of VSS obtained for ethanol were compared with TBW determined by deuterium oxide dilution. Methods: Sixteen healthy volunteers each received a 30-min intravenous infusion of ethanol on two occasions. Ethanol was measured in breath by a quantitative infrared analyzer and in blood and urine by headspace gas chromatography. Deuterium oxide was given as an intravenous injection and measured in serum by isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. Components of variation were calculated by ANOVA to determine the precision of the estimates of VSS and TBW. Results: Mean TBW, determined by deuterium oxide dilution, was 44.1 ▒ 3.9 liters (▒SD) for men, corresponding to 0.61 liters/kg, and 37.4 ▒ 3.2 liters for women, or 0.54 liters/kg. Estimates of VSS from blood-ethanol pharmacokinetics were 87.6% of TBW according to isotope dilution and 84.4% for breath analysis with the two-compartment model. This compares with 95.1% and 95.4% for blood and breath alcohol, respectively, when the classical zero-order kinetic analysis is used. The precision of the estimates of VSS and TBW was between ▒1.56 and ▒2.19 liters (95% confidence interval). Conclusions: Ethanol does not distribute uniformly into the TBW. The precision of measuring VSS by ethanol dilution was comparable to estimates of TBW by isotope dilution. Results of noninvasive breath ethanol analysis compared well with use of venous blood for estimating VSS. The sophisticated two-compartment model was much superior to the classical one-compartment model in explaining the total concentration-time course of intravenously given ethanol.
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- Ribom, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Muscle strength correlates with total body bone mineral density in young women but not in men
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 14, s. 24-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is a growing health problem. One of the proposed reasons for this is a more sedentary lifestyle. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between muscle strength and total body bone mineral density (TBMD) in young adults at expected peak bone mass. METHODS: Sixty-four women and 61 men (total 125) 21 years of age were included. Handgrip strength, isokinetic knee-flexion and -extension muscle strength, TBMD, and body composition were measured. RESULTS: Univariate regression analyses showed that knee flexion and extension explained almost 30% of the variation in TBMD in women, whereas handgrip strength was not associated with TBMD. In men, no correlation between any measures of muscle strength and TBMD was evident. Stepwise regression analysis showed that knee-flexion and -extension muscle strength in women were associated with TBMD, R2=0.27. In men, lean body mass, fat mass, weight, and height were predictors for TBMD, R2=0.43, whereas muscle strength did not affect the prediction of TBMD. CONCLUSIONS: Muscle strength at weight-bearing sites is related to TBMD in women, whereas body composition is related to TBMD in men. The association of lower limb strength on TBMD only in young women indicates a gender difference.
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