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- Bonaca, M. P., et al.
(författare)
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Reduction in subtypes and sizes of myocardial infarction with ticagrelor in PEGASUS-TIMI 54
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Heart Association. - 2047-9980. ; 7:22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background-—Ticagrelor reduced cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction (MI), or stroke in patients with prior MI in PEGASUSTIMI 54 (Prevention of Cardiovascular Events [eg, Death From Heart or Vascular Disease, Heart Attack, or Stroke] in Patients With Prior Heart Attack Using Ticagrelor Compared to Placebo on a Background of Aspirin). MI can occur in diverse settings and with varying severity; therefore, understanding the types and sizes of MI events prevented is of clinical importance. Methods and Results-—MIs were adjudicated by a blinded clinical events committee and categorized by subtype and fold elevation of peak cardiac troponin over the upper limit of normal. A total of 1042 MIs occurred in 898 of the 21 162 randomized patients over a median follow-up of 33 months. The majority of the MIs (76%) were spontaneous (Type 1), with demand MI (Type 2) and stent thrombosis (Type 4b) accounting for 13% and 9%, respectively; sudden death (Type 3), percutaneous coronary intervention–related (Type 4a) and coronary artery bypass graft–related (Type 5) each accounted for <1%. Half of MIs (520, 50%) had a peak troponin ≥10x upper limit of normal and 21% of MIs (220) had a peak troponin ≥1009 upper limit of normal. A total of 21% (224) were ST-segment–elevation MI STEMI. Overall ticagrelor reduced MI (4.47% versus 5.25%, hazard ratio 0.83, 95% confidence interval 0.72–0.95, P=0.0055). The benefit was consistent among the subtypes, including a 31% reduction in MIs with a peak troponin ≥1009 upper limit of normal (hazard ratio 0.69, 95% confidence interval 0.53–0.92, P=0.0096) and a 40% reduction in ST-segment elevation MI (hazard ratio 0.60, 95% confidence interval 0.46–0.78, P=0.0002). Conclusions-—In stable outpatients with prior MI, the majority of recurrent MIs are spontaneous and associated with a high biomarker elevation. Ticagrelor reduces the MI consistently among subtypes and sizes including large MIs and ST-segment elevation MI. Clinical Trial Registration-URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01225562. © 2018 The Authors.
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- Eisen, A., et al.
(författare)
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High-Sensitivity Troponin I in Stable Patients with Atherosclerotic Disease in the TRA 2 degrees P - TIMI 50 Trial
- 2017
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Ingår i: Clinical Chemistry. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0009-9147 .- 1530-8561. ; 63:1, s. 307-315
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Cardiac troponin I, measured with a high-sensitivity assay (hs-TnI), is well-established for risk prediction in acute coronary syndromes. However, its prognostic role in stable atherosclerotic disease, particularly for future myocardial infarction (MI), is less well defined. METHODS: We measured hs-TnI (Abbott ARCHITECT) in 15 833 patients with prior MI, ischemic stroke, or peripheral arterial disease from the placebo controlled Thrombin Receptor Antagonist in Secondary Prevention of Atherothrombotic Ischemic Events (TRA 2 degrees P) Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) 50 trial of the platelet inhibitor vorapaxar, excluding patients with recent MI (<30 days). hs-TnI was categorized into 5 groups based on the detection limit (1.9 ng/L), 99th percentile reference limit (26 ng/L), and tertiles in between (1.9-26 ng/L), as well as sex-specific reference limits. RESULTS: Higher hs-TnI concentration was associated with older age, male sex, and increased atherosclerosis burden. hs-TnI identified a graded 3-year risk of cardiovascular death, MI, or stroke from 5.0% to 18.6% (P < 0.001), driven by cardiovascular death and MI (P < 0.001). This risk was independent of established clinical risk indicators, B-type natriuretic peptide and C-reactive protein [adjusted hazard ratio 2.70 (95% CI, 1.96-3.71), P < 0.001 for hs-TnI >26 ng/L vs <1.9 ng/L]. In patients with prior MI, there was a pattern of greater absolute benefit with vorapaxar in patients with an increased hs-TnI (absolute risk difference 1.9% with hs-TnI >26 ng/L vs 0.3% with hs-TnI <1.9 ng/L; P interaction = 0.82). CONCLUSIONS: In stable patients with established atherosclerosis, hs-TnI concentrations effectively stratified the risk of new or recurrent cardiovascular (CV) events, in particular CV death and MI. High-risk patients with prior MI identified by increased hs-TnI had a substantial absolute improvement in net clinical outcome with vorapaxar. (C) 2016 American Association for Clinical Chemistry
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- Kosova, E. C., et al.
(författare)
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Vorapaxar in patients with coronary artery bypass grafting: Findings from the TRA 2 degrees P-TIMI 50 trial
- 2017
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Ingår i: European heart journal. Acute cardiovascular care. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2048-8726 .- 2048-8734. ; 6:2, s. 164-172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Vorapaxar is a first-in-class protease-activated receptor-1 antagonist indicated for the reduction of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in stable patients with prior atherothrombosis, who have not had a prior stroke or transient ischemic attack. The aims of this study were to investigate: 1) the role of vorapaxar in patients with severe coronary artery disease treated previously with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG); and 2) safety in patients undergoing CABG while receiving vorapaxar. METHODS: TRA 2 degrees P-TIMI 50 was a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of vorapaxar in 26,449 stable patients with prior atherothrombosis followed for a median of 30 months. We 1) investigated the efficacy of vorapaxar among patients with a history of CABG prior to randomization (n=2942); and 2) assessed the safety among 367 patients who underwent a new CABG during the trial. RESULTS: Patients with a prior CABG were at higher risk for cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke at three years compared with patients without a prior CABG (13.7% vs. 7.8%, p<0.001). Among patients with a prior CABG, vorapaxar significantly reduced the risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (11.9% vs. 15.6%, hazard ratio 0.71, 95% confidence interval 0.58-0.88, p=0.001; number-needed-to-treat = 27). In patients undergoing CABG while receiving vorapaxar, the rate of Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction CABG major bleeding was 6.3% vs. 4.1% with placebo (hazard ratio 1.53, 95% confidence interval 0.58-4.01, p=0.39). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with a prior CABG, vorapaxar significantly reduced the risk of recurrent major cardiovascular events. In patients undergoing CABG while receiving vorapaxar, bleeding risk appeared similar to that seen in the overall trial population.
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