| 1. |
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Advances in Social Simulation : Looking in the Mirror
- 2020
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Proceedings (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- This book presents the state-of-the-art in social simulation as presented at the Social Simulation Conference 2018 in Stockholm, Sweden. It covers the developments in applications and methods of social simulation, addressing societal issues such as socio-ecological systems and policy making. Methodological issues discussed include large-scale empirical calibration, model sharing and interdisciplinary research, as well as decision making models, validation and the use of qualitative data in simulation modeling. Research areas covered include archaeology, cognitive science, economics, organization science, and social simulation education. This collection gives readers insight into the increasing use of social simulation in both its theoretical development and in practical applications such as policy making whereby modelling and the behavior of complex systems is key. The book will appeal to students, researchers and professionals in the various fields.
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| 2. |
- Ale Ebrahim Dehkordi, Molood, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term dynamics of institutions : Using ABM as a complementary tool to support theory development in historical studies
- 2021
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Ingår i: JASSS. - : Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation. - 1460-7425. ; 24:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Historical data are valuable resources for providing insights into social patterns in the past. However, these data often inform us at the macro-level of analysis but not about the role of individuals’ behaviours in the emergence of long-term patterns. Therefore, it is difficult to infer ‘how’ and ‘why’ certain patterns emerged in the past. Historians use various methods to draw hypotheses about the underlying reasons for emerging patterns and trends, but since the patterns are the results of hundreds if not thousands of years of human behaviour, these hypotheses can never be tested in reality. Our proposition is that simulation models and specifically, agent-based models (ABMs) can be used as complementary tools in historical studies to support hypothesis building. The approach that we propose and test in this paper is to design and configure models in such a way as to generate historical patterns, consequently aiming to find individual-level explanations for the emerging pattern. In this work, we use an existing, empirically validated, agent-based model of common pool resource management to test hypotheses formulated based on a historical dataset. We first investigate whether the model can replicate various patterns observed in the dataset, and second, whether it can contribute to a better understanding of the underlying mechanism that led to the observed empirical trends. We showcase how ABM can be used as a complementary tool to support theory development in historical studies. Finally, we provide some guidelines for using ABM as a tool to test historical hypotheses.
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| 3. |
- Ale Ebrahim Dehkordi, Molood, et al.
(författare)
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The Role of Wealth Inequality on Collective Action for Management of Common Pool Resource
- 2021
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Ingår i: Advances in Social Simulation : Proceedings of the 15th Social Simulation Conference: 23–27 September 2019 - Proceedings of the 15th Social Simulation Conference: 23–27 September 2019. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2213-8684. - 9783030615031 - 9783030615024 ; , s. 375-379
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Aliakbar, Akbaritabar, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of a national research assessment on the publications of sociologists in Italy
- 2021
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - : Oxford University Press. - 0302-3427 .- 1471-5430. ; 48:5, s. 662-678
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates the impact of the second national research assessment (VQR 2004–10), which was performed in 2011 by the Italian National Agency for the Evaluation of Universities and Research Institutes, on publication strategies by sociologists in Italy. We reconstructed all publications from Italian sociologists in Scopus between 2006 and 2015, that is five years before and after the assessment. We also checked academic tenure and promotions during the assessment. Our results showed the potentially distortive effect of institutional signals on publications given that Italian sociologists published more in journals that were considered influential for assessment, some, however, being of doubtful quality. Our findings would suggest that the use of informed peer review and ad hoc journal ranking could stimulate adaptive responses based on strategic journal targeting to ensure publication.
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| 5. |
- Bagliani, Marco, et al.
(författare)
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A consumption-based approach to environmental Kuznets curves using the ecological footprint indicator
- 2008
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Ingår i: Ecological Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0921-8009 .- 1873-6106. ; 65:3, s. 650-661
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent research suggests that consumption-based measures offer an insightful perspective on the debate on the relationship between economic growth and the environment. In this article we deepen the consumption-based line of inquiry by investigating the empirical evidence in support of the environmental Kuznets hypothesis using 2001 ecological footprint data for 141 countries. We perform Ordinary Least Squares and Weighted Least Squares analysis on linear, quadratic and cubic functions, in standard and logarithmic specifications, as candidate models to represent the relationship between per capita income and environmental pressure. We replicate the cross country analysis also by estimating the regression function directly, through a nonparametric regression. In our analyses, with and without weighing data by population, the results do not show evidence of de-linking. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Bertacchini, Enrico, et al.
(författare)
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Defining cultural commons
- 2012
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Ingår i: Cultural Commons. - Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 978 1 78100 005 2 - 978 1 78100 006 9 ; , s. 3-18
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Bianchi, Federico, et al.
(författare)
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The peer review game : an agent-based model of scientists facing resource constraints and institutional pressures
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scientometrics. - : Springer. - 0138-9130 .- 1588-2861. ; 116:3, s. 1401-1420
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper looks at peer review as a cooperation dilemma through a game-theory framework. We built an agent-based model to estimate how much the quality of peer review is influenced by different resource allocation strategies followed by scientists dealing with multiple tasks, i.e., publishing and reviewing. We assumed that scientists were sensitive to acceptance or rejection of their manuscripts and the fairness of peer review to which they were exposed before reviewing. We also assumed that they could be realistic or excessively over-confident about the quality of their manuscripts when reviewing. Furthermore, we assumed they could be sensitive to competitive pressures provided by the institutional context in which they were embedded. Results showed that the bias and quality of publications greatly depend on reviewer motivations but also that context pressures can have a negative effect. However, while excessive competition can be detrimental to minimising publication bias, a certain level of competition is instrumental to ensure the high quality of publication especially when scientists accept reviewing for reciprocity motives.
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| 8. |
- Boero, Riccardo, et al.
(författare)
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Pillars of Trust : An Experimental Study on Reputation and Its Effects
- 2009
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Ingår i: Sociological Research Online. - : SAGE Publications. - 1360-7804. ; 14:5, s. Article ID: 5-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the results of laboratory experiments on the relevance of reputation for trust and cooperation in social interaction. We have extended a repeated investment game by adding new treatments where reputation is taken more explicitly into account than before. We then compared treatments where the investor and the trustee rate each other and treatments where the investor and the trustee were rated by a third party. The results showed that: (i) third party reputation positively affects cooperation by encapsulating trust; (ii) certain differences in the reputation mechanism can generate different cooperation outcomes. These results have interesting implications for the recent sociological debate on the normative pillars of markets.
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| 9. |
- Boero, Riccardo, et al.
(författare)
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Reputational cues in repeated trust games
- 2009
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Ingår i: The Journal of Socio-Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1053-5357 .- 1879-1239. ; 38:6, s. 871-877
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The importance of reputation in human societies is highlighted both by theoretical models and empirical studies. In this paper, we have extended the scope of previous experimental studies based on trust games by creating treatments where players can rate their opponents’ behavior and know their past ratings. Our results showed that being rated by other players and letting this rating be known are factors that increase cooperation levels even when rational reputational investment motives are ruled out. More generally, subjects tended to respond to reputational opportunities even when this was neither rational nor explainable by reciprocity.
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| 10. |
- Boero, Riccardo, et al.
(författare)
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Why Bother with What Others Tell You? : An Experimental Data-Driven Agent-Based Model
- 2010
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Ingår i: JASSS. - 1460-7425. ; 13:3, s. Article ID: 6-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the relevance of reputation to improve the explorative capabilities of agents in uncertain environments. We have presented a laboratory experiment where sixty-four subjects were asked to take iterated economic investment decisions. An agent-based model based on their behavioural patterns replicated the experiment exactly. Exploring this experimentally grounded model, we studied the effects of various reputational mechanisms on explorative capabilities at a systemic level. The results showed that reputation mechanisms increase the agents’ capability for coping with uncertain environments more than individualistic atomistic exploration strategies, although the former does entail a certain amount of false information inside the system.
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