| 1. |
- Li, Jun, et al.
(författare)
-
ALPPS for Locally Advanced Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: Did Aggressive Surgery Lead to the Oncological Benefit? An International Multi-center Study
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Annals of Surgical Oncology. - : SPRINGER. - 1068-9265 .- 1534-4681. ; 27, s. 1372-1384
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background ALPPS is found to increase the resectability of primary and secondary liver malignancy at the advanced stage. The aim of the study was to verify the surgical and oncological outcome of ALPPS for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Methods The study cohort was based on the ALPPS registry with patients from 31 international centers between August 2009 and January 2018. Propensity score matched patients receiving chemotherapy only were selected from the SEER database as controls for the survival analysis. Results One hundred and two patients undergoing ALPPS were recruited, 99 completed the second stage with median inter-stage duration of 11 days. The median kinetic growth rate was 23 ml/day. R0 resection was achieved in 87 (85%). Initially high rates of morbidity and mortality decreased steadily to a 29% severe complication rate and 7% 90-day morbidity in the last 2 years. Post-hepatectomy liver failure remained the main cause of 90-day mortality. Multivariate analysis revealed insufficient future liver remnant at the stage-2 operation (FLR2) to be the only risk factor for severe complications (OR 2.91, p = 0.02). The propensity score matching analysis showed a superior overall survival in the ALPPS group compared to palliative chemotherapy (median overall survival: 26.4 months vs 14 months; 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates: 82.4%, 70.5% and 39.6% vs 51.2%, 21.4% and 11.3%, respectively, p amp;lt; 0.01). The survival benefit, however, was not confirmed in the subgroup analysis for patients with insufficient FLR2 or multifocal ICC. Conclusion ALPPS showed high efficacy in achieving R0 resections in locally advanced ICC. To get the most oncological benefit from this aggressive surgery, ALPPS would be restricted to patients with single lesions and sufficient FLR2.
|
|
| 2. |
- Aijaz, Asim, et al.
(författare)
-
Exploring the potential of high power impulse magnetron sputtering for the synthesis of scratch resistant, antireflective coatings
- 2013
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Broad band anti-reflective multilayer coatings require the use of a low-index material as a top layer. Normally SiO2 is used which exhibits sufficiently low refractive index (~1.5 at 550 nm) yet its low hardness (~10 GPa) hinders its application in abrasive environments. A strategy to circumnavigate these limitations is the synthesis of multicomponent materials that combine good mechanical and optical performance. In this work we synthesize Al-Si-O thin films seeking to combine the low refractive index of SiO2 and the relatively high hardness of Al2O3. The potential of reactive high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) for synthesizing Al-Si-O suitable for top-layers in anti-reflective coating stacks is explored by depositing films in an Ar+O2 ambient under varied target compositions (Al0.5Si0.5 and Al0.1Si0.9). The behavior of discharge current in metal and oxide mode is correlated with the plasma composition, plasma energetics as well as target surface composition in order to obtain information about the chemical nature and the energy of the film forming species. Plasma composition and plasma energetics are investigated by measuring electron density, electron temperature as well as energy distributions and as fluxes of Ar+, Al+, Si+ and O+ ions. Monte-Carlo based computer simulations are employed to assess the ion-target surface interactions to gain insight into the discharge characteristics as well as film growth. The properties of the grown films (chemical composition, mechanical and optical properties) are investigated and an understanding of the reactive HiPIMS-based growth of anti-reflective Al-Si-O thin films is established. For reference, the plasma and film properties of Al-O are also studied.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Fischer, Alexander W., et al.
(författare)
-
Lysosomal lipoprotein processing in endothelial cells stimulates adipose tissue thermogenic adaptation
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Cell Metabolism. - : Elsevier. - 1550-4131 .- 1932-7420. ; 33:3, s. 547-564.e7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In response to cold exposure, thermogenic adipocytes internalize large amounts of fatty acids after lipoprotein lipase-mediated hydrolysis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL) in the capillary lumen of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT). Here, we show that in cold-exposed mice, vascular endothelial cells in adipose tissues endocytose substantial amounts of entire TRL particles. These lipoproteins subsequently follow the endosomal-lysosomal pathway, where they undergo lysosomal acid lipase (LAL)-mediated processing. Endothelial cell-specific LAL deficiency results in impaired thermogenic capacity as a consequence of reduced recruitment of brown and brite/beige adipocytes. Mechanistically, TRL processing by LAL induces proliferation of endothelial cells and adipocyte precursors via beta-oxidation-dependent production of reactive oxygen species, which in turn stimulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1α-dependent proliferative responses. In conclusion, this study demonstrates a physiological role for TRL particle uptake into BAT and WAT and establishes endothelial lipoprotein processing as an important determinant of adipose tissue remodeling during thermogenic adaptation.
|
|
| 5. |
- Holbech, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparison of zebrafish (Danio rerio) and fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) as test species in the Fish Sexual Development Test (FSDT).
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part C. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-0456 .- 1878-1659. ; 155:2, s. 407-15
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Results are presented from a validation (with 5 laboratories) of the Fish Sexual Development Test (FSDT) developed to detect endocrine disrupters (EDs) and included in the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) working program. The aromatase-inhibiting fungicide prochloraz was tested in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). The fish were exposed during sexual differentiation and development from 0 to 60 days post hatch (dph). After exposure, the vitellogenin (VTG) concentrations were quantified in head/tail homogenate and the sex ratio was determined (defined as female, male, intersex or undifferentiated). NOEC/LOEC and EC(x) designs were compared to optimize the test approach. Results show that both species are highly sensitive to prochloraz during sexual development. They respond by skewing of the sex ratio towards male phenotype and by a VTG decline in females. The NOEC/LOEC approach is preferred because sex ratio is difficult to analyze with a regression model. The mean NOEC/LOEC for prochloraz on the sex ratio was 43.3/134 μg/L and 101/293 μg/L for zebrafish and fathead minnow, respectively. The mean NOEC/LOEC on the decline in female VTG concentration was 65/110 μg/L and ~30/68 μg/L respectively. In conclusion, zebrafish and fathead minnow are suitable species in the FSDT and their sexual differentiation is equally labile to EDs.
|
|
| 6. |
- Waldkirch, Eginhard, et al.
(författare)
-
Non-genomic effects of androgens on isolated human vascular and nonvascular penile erectile tissue
- 2008
-
Ingår i: BJU International. - : Blackwell Publishing Ltd. - 1464-4096 .- 1464-410X. ; 101:1, s. 71-74
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES To evaluate non-genomic effects of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) on isolated human cavernosal arteries (HCA) and corpus cavernosum (HCC) using organ-bath studies and radio-immunoassays (RIA), as non-genomic effects of androgens are reported for vascular smooth musculature and there is evidence that the relaxant response involves a modulation of cyclic nucleotide tissue levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS The relaxation induced by the cumulative addition of testosterone and DHT (0.01-10 mu M) was studied using circular segments of HCA and strip preparations of HCC. To evaluate the effects of testosterone and DHT on tissue levels of cAMP and cGMP, specimens were exposed to increasing concentrations of the hormones. Forskolin and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) served as reference compounds. RESULTS Testosterone and DHT dose-dependently reversed the noradrenaline-induced tension of vascular segments and HCC strips. At the maximum concentration, testosterone and DHT reduced the mean (SD) tension to 79.8 (4.43)% and 83.9 (10.94)%, respectively. SNP and forskolin significantly stimulated the production of cGMP and cAMP. No effects of testosterone and DHT on cGMP and cAMP levels were detected. CONCLUSION Rapid androgen-induced relaxation of HCA and HCC occurs via non-genomic mechanisms. In penile erectile tissue, non-genomic relaxant effects of testosterone and DHT are not mediated via modulation of cyclic nucleotide tissue levels. Additional studies are required to establish if non-genomic relaxant effects are important in ensuring a basal level of perfusion to maintain overall penile function.
|
|
| 7. |
- Willumeit-Roemer, Regine, et al.
(författare)
-
The Comparability of In Vitro and In Vivo Experiments for Degradable Mg Implants
- 2022
-
Ingår i: MAGNESIUM TECHNOLOGY 2022. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030925338 - 9783030925321 ; , s. 8-15
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mg implants possess a great potential for clinical applications. Thousands of patients are already successfully treated with Mg implants and the number of approved products increases. Despite the fact that the implants generally work, we know that we have not yet reached a full understanding of all processes which occur during the degradation of the material and tissue regeneration. A prerequisite for a comprehensive description is the visualization and analysis of the in vivo processes with high resolution, while avoiding metal artefacts during imaging and taking care of different imaging properties of inorganic and organic matrices. Here, synchrotron radiation-based micro-computed tomography was utilized to determine the degradation rates for two implant materials (Mg-5Gd and Mg-10Gd, wt. %) in vitro and in vivo. The comparison for in vitro and in vivo degradation in terms of degradation rate and pitting factor shows that in vitro experiments predict in vivo results the error. As a second aspect, push-out experiments revealed a better integration into bone for Mg-10Gd and the improvement of implant stability over time. Finally, micro X-ray fluorescence spectrometry was applied to determine the elemental composition of degradation products around the Mg-5Gd specimen in vivo. This technique shows that the Mg content of the degrading specimen is decreasing while the Gd content stays constant.
|
|
