| 1. |
- Hageman, S., et al.
(författare)
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SCORE2 risk prediction algorithms: new models to estimate 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease in Europe
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 42:25, s. 2439-2454
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims The aim of this study was to develop, validate, and illustrate an updated prediction model (SCORE2) to estimate 10-year fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in individuals without previous CVD or diabetes aged 40-69 years in Europe. Methods and results We derived risk prediction models using individual-participant data from 45 cohorts in 13 countries (677 684 individuals, 30 121 CVD events). We used sex-specific and competing risk-adjusted models, including age, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, and total- and HDL-cholesterol. We defined four risk regions in Europe according to country-specific CVD mortality, recalibrating models to each region using expected incidences and risk factor distributions. Region-specific incidence was estimated using CVD mortality and incidence data on 10 776 466 individuals. For external validation, we analysed data from 25 additional cohorts in 15 European countries (1 133 181 individuals, 43 492 CVD events). After applying the derived risk prediction models to external validation cohorts, C-indices ranged from 0.67 (0.65-0.68) to 0.81 (0.76-0.86). Predicted CVD risk varied several-fold across European regions. For example, the estimated 10-year CVD risk for a 50-year-old smoker, with a systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg, total cholesterol of 5.5 mmol/L, and HDL-cholesterol of 1.3 mmol/L, ranged from 5.9% for men in low- risk countries to 14.0% for men in very high-risk countries, and from 4.2% for women in low-risk countries to 13.7% for women in very high-risk countries. Conclusion SCORE2-a new algorithm derived, calibrated, and validated to predict 10-year risk of first-onset CVD in European populations-enhances the identification of individuals at higher risk of developing CVD across Europe.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Annas, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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Basal and induced EROD activity in the chorioallantoic membrane during chicken embryo development
- 1999
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. - 1382-6689 .- 1872-7077. ; 8:1, s. 49-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is a highly vascularized tissue that takes part in the respiratory exchange of gases through the eggshell. Although the CAM may be exposed to environmental contaminants, its response to pollutants has not been studied. We examined the cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A)-catalyzed deethylation of 7-ethoxyresorufin (EROD) in the CAM during chicken embryo development. EROD was constitutively present and was inducible by the aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor agonist 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126). Our results suggest the CAM as a first line of defence of the avian embryo against toxic compounds, but also as a target for CYP1A-activated chemicals.
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| 4. |
- Annas, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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Induction of ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) and endothelial activation of the heterocyclic amine Trp-P-1 in bird embryo hearts
- 1998
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Ingår i: Archives of Toxicology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-5761 .- 1432-0738. ; 72:7, s. 402-410
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The xenobiotic-metabolizing activity of avian heart was investigated in chicken and Eider duck embryos exposed to aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor agonists in ovo. Both beta-naphthoflavone (BNF) and 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126) induced 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activities in chicken embryo hearts whereas Eider duck embryos only responded to BNF. The differential responses of chicken and Eider duck embryos were used to examine the involvement of Ah receptor-mediated enzyme induction in the activation of the environmental and food mutagen 3-amino- 1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1). As determined by light microscopic autoradiography, there was a highly selective binding of non-extractable 3H-Trp-P-1-derived radioactivity in endothelial cells of large vessels and capillaries in hearts of BNF- and PCB 126-treated chicken embryos. No binding occurred at these sites in vehicle-treated controls. There was also a strong endothelial binding of 3H-Trp-P-1 in hearts of BNF-treated Eider duck embryos whereas no binding occurred in hearts of PCB 126-treated Eider duck embryos. A positive correlation between induction of EROD activity and covalent binding of 3H-Trp-P-1 to protein in heart homogenates from BNF- and PCB 126-treated chicken and Eider duck embryos was also observed. The results suggest a cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A)-mediated activation of Trp-P-1 in avian heart endothelial cells although involvement of other Ah receptor-regulated enzymes is also possible. We propose that heart endothelial cells may be targets for bioactivation and toxicity of environmental contaminants in birds exposed to Ah receptor agonists.
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| 5. |
- Aumayr, E., et al.
(författare)
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Service-based Analytics for 5G open experimentation platforms
- 2022
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Ingår i: Computer Networks. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 1389-1286 .- 1872-7069. ; 205
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A scalable, flexible and reliable Analytics service has become a requirement toward building efficient Fifth Generation (5G) experimental platforms that can support a suite of end-user experiments and verticals. Our paper presents the challenges that come with designing such a service-based Analytics component, and shows how we have used it in the context of open experimental platforms in the 5GENESIS project. Our Analytics service was designed both for enabling the efficient setup and configuration of the underlying platform, and also for ensuring that it provides useful insights into the experimentation Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) toward the end-user. Thus, Analytics proved to be a useful tool across several stages, starting from ensuring correct operation during the initial phases of the network setup and continuing into the normal day-to-day experimentation. Our experiments show how the tool was used in our setup and provide information on how to apply it to different environments. The Analytics component, designed as a set of microservices that serve several goals in the analytics workflow, is also provided as open source, being part of the Open5Genesis suite.
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| 6. |
- Fahlgren, Maria, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Technology-rich assessment in mathematics
- 2021
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Ingår i: Mathematics Education in the Digital Age. - : Taylor & Francis. - 9781000390766 - 9780367684518 ; , s. 69-83
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Håkansson, H., et al.
(författare)
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In vivo and in vitro toxicity of fractionated fish lipids, with particular regard to their content of chlorinated organic compounds
- 1991
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Ingår i: Pharmacology and Toxicology. - : Wiley. - 0901-9928 .- 1600-0773. ; 69:6, s. 459-471
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Six different lipid matrices (the intact lipid (IL), four lipid fractions with different polarity, and the free fatty acids (FFAs) obtained by hydrolysis of the triacylglycerol (TAG) containing fraction) were obtained from salmon (Salmo salar) and eel (Anguilla anguilla), each collected at a contaminated and a comparatively uncontaminated catch site along the coast of Scandinavia. The lipid matrices were studied in toxicological test systems representing various biological functions of different organ systems from several species and trophic levels. The results were evaluated with particular respect to the concentrations of extractable organically bound chlorine (EOCl) in the matrices tested. In some test systems, the specimens with a higher EOCl concentration appeared to be more toxic. For example, the TAG containing fraction (F2) from Idefjord eel, having a higher EOCl content than F2 from Oslofjord eel, reduced the number and hatchability of eggs laid by zebrafish. Both IL and F2 of Idefjord eel increased mortality and reduced the oxygen/nitrogen-ratio in blue mussels. Non-polar compounds (F1) from Bothnian Sea salmon induced 7-ethoxyresurofin O-deethylase (EROD) activity in rainbow trout hepatocytes, whereas F1 from Senja salmon did not. F1 from Bothnian Sea salmon also reduced the number of T-cells in foetal mouse thymus anlagen in vitro compared with the cell number in anlagen exposed to F1 from Senja salmon. A positive correlation between EOCl concentration and test response was found for EROD activity in rainbow trout hepatocytes and for ATP-leakage in Erlich ascites tumour cells when testing the phospolipid containing fraction (F4). However, in most test systems the fish oils, irrespective of EOCl content, were of low toxicity, and the observed effects need to be verified in future studies.
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| 8. |
- Orrenius, U., et al.
(författare)
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Rail vehicle source assessment within a virtual certification process
- 2014
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Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NOISE AND VIBRATION ENGINEERING (ISMA2014) AND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON UNCERTAINTY IN STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (USD2014). - 9789073802919 ; , s. 3511-3525
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present paper aims at giving an overview of the vehicle noise source modelling work carried out within the Acoutrain FP7 European research project. Results are presented for several areas including: equivalent source modelling concept applied to typical train sources, component based models for aero-acoustic noise generation of pantographs and installation effects of bogie and roof mounted sources. A process to characterize vehicle noise sources in an industrial context is presented. It is shown that equivalent monopole models, for which the source is described by a few monopoles, can be applied to represent real vehicle sources. It is also displayed how analytical models can be used to calculate the insertion loss of screens for sources that can be represented by point sources. Ray tracing and energy BEM models are used to determine the high frequency installation effect of a source in the bogie and a practical, procedure for in-situ testing of installation effects is suggested. For high speed applications a component based model is shown to accurately represent the spectrum of a train pantograph. It is concluded that the results to date are promising but more work is needed to validate the proposed process and methods for real vehicle installations in terms of modelling accuracy and usability in a virtual testing framework for TSI certification purposes.
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