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- Arnold, Melina, et al.
(författare)
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Overweight duration in older adults and cancer risk : a study of cohorts in Europe and the United States
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 31:9, s. 893-904
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent studies have shown that cancer risk related to overweight and obesity is mediated by time and might be better approximated by using life years lived with excess weight. In this study we aimed to assess the impact of overweight duration and intensity in older adults on the risk of developing different forms of cancer. Study participants from seven European and one US cohort study with two or more weight assessments during follow-up were included (n = 329,576). Trajectories of body mass index (BMI) across ages were estimated using a quadratic growth model; overweight duration (BMI ≥ 25) and cumulative weighted overweight years were calculated. In multivariate Cox models and random effects analyses, a longer duration of overweight was significantly associated with the incidence of obesity-related cancer [overall hazard ratio (HR) per 10-year increment: 1.36; 95 % CI 1.12-1.60], but also increased the risk of postmenopausal breast and colorectal cancer. Additionally accounting for the degree of overweight further increased the risk of obesity-related cancer. Risks associated with a longer overweight duration were higher in men than in women and were attenuated by smoking. For postmenopausal breast cancer, increased risks were confined to women who never used hormone therapy. Overall, 8.4 % of all obesity-related cancers could be attributed to overweight at any age. These findings provide further insights into the role of overweight duration in the etiology of cancer and indicate that weight control is relevant at all ages. This knowledge is vital for the development of effective and targeted cancer prevention strategies.
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- Carneiro, Fatima, et al.
(författare)
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Pathology findings and validation of gastric and esophageal cancer cases in a European cohort (EPIC/EUR-GAST)
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7708 .- 0036-5521. ; 42:5, s. 618-627
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Cardia, non-cardia and intestinal and diffuse subtypes of gastric cancer may have different trends and etiological factors. However, the available information is not always collected in population cancer registries, and heterogeneous criteria have been applied for the histopathological classification of tumors. We describe the pathological features of incident gastric and esophageal cancers identified within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Material and methods. In an investigation on gastric and esophageal cancer (EUR-GAST) in the EPIC project, a validation study of diagnoses reported by EPIC centers was conducted by a European panel of pathologists. Original pathology reports, stained slides of tumors and the respective paraffin blocks were requested from the centers. Results. The whole series encompassed 467 cancer cases (gastric and esophageal cancers). Material was available for histopathological validation in 263 cases (56%); in the remaining cases, information was retrieved from the original reports (n = 110; 24%) or codes provided by the EPIC centers (n = 94; 20%). Among cases submitted to histopathological validation reported originally as unknown histotype or unknown site, a specific diagnosis was made in 95% and 74% of the cases, respectively. In cases for which only the original reports were available, the respective percentages were 46% and 67%. Gastric adenocarcinomas were classified according to site (cardia (29.4%), non-cardia (48.2%) and unknown (22.4%)) and histological type (intestinal (33.4%), diffuse (33.7%) and mixed, unclassified or unknown (32.9%)). Frequency of cardia was higher in Northern countries (35%) than in Mediterranean countries (18%). Conclusions. In addition to providing epidemiological data within the EPIC cohort on gastric and esophageal adenocarcinomas, the results reported here confirm the relevance of a validation study, notably for multicenter studies.
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- Wang, Yufei, et al.
(författare)
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Rare variants of large effect in BRCA2 and CHEK2 affect risk of lung cancer
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 46:7, s. 736-741
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We conducted imputation to the 1000 Genomes Project of four genome-wide association studies of lung cancer in populations of European ancestry (11,348 cases and 15,861 controls) and genotyped an additional 10,246 cases and 38,295 controls for follow-up. We identified large-effect genome-wide associations for squamous lung cancer with the rare variants BRCA2 p.Lys3326X (rs11571833, odds ratio (OR) = 2.47, P = 4.74 x 10(-20)) and CHEK2 p.Ile157Thr (rs17879961, OR = 0.38, P = 1.27 x 10(-13)). We also showed an association between common variation at 3q28 (TP63, rs13314271, OR = 1.13, P = 7.22 x 10(-10)) and lung adenocarcinoma that had been previously reported only in Asians. These findings provide further evidence for inherited genetic susceptibility to lung cancer and its biological basis. Additionally, our analysis demonstrates that imputation can identify rare disease-causing variants with substantive effects on cancer risk from preexisting genome-wide association study data.
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