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- Buer, Nina, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Fear-avoidance beliefs and catastrophizing : occurrence and risk factor in back pain and ADL in the general population
- 2002
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Ingår i: Pain. - 0304-3959 .- 1872-6623. ; 99:3, s. 485-491
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fear-avoidance beliefs and catastrophizing have been shown to be powerful cognitions in the process of developing chronic pain problems and there is a need for increased knowledge in early stages of pain.The objectives of this study were therefore, firstly, to examine the occurrence of fear-avoidance beliefs and catastrophizing in groups with different degrees of non-chronic spinal pain in a general population, and secondly to assess if fear-avoidance beliefs and catastrophizing were related to current ratings of pain and activities of daily living (ADL).The study was a part of a population based back pain project and the study sample consisted of 917 men and women, 35-45 years old, either pain-free or with non-chronic spinal pain. The results showed that fear-avoidance beliefs as well as catastrophizing occur in this general population of non-patients. The levels were moderate and in catastrophizing a 'dose-response' pattern was seen, such that more the catastrophizing was, the more was pain. The study showed two relationships, which were between fear-avoidance and ADL as well as between catastrophizing and pain intensity. Logistic regression analyses were performed with 95% confidence intervals and the odds ratio for fear-avoidance beliefs and ADL was 2.5 and for catastrophizing and pain 1.8, both with confidence interval above unity. The results suggest that fear-avoidance beliefs and catastrophizing may play an active part in the transition from acute to chronic pain and clinical implications include screening and early intervention. (C) 2002 International Association for the Study of Pain. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Buer, Nina
(författare)
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Pain-related fear and movement : implications for physiotherapy and public health
- 2003
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Long-term musculoskeletal pain is a large public health problem with serious consequences both for the individual and society. Fear-avoidance beliefs and catastrophizing are powerful cognitions in the process of developing chronic pain problems. Fear-avoidance refers to the avoidance of movement or activities based on fear. The overall aim of this thesis was to delineate the role of fear-avoidance beliefs in relation to the concept of movement. The specific aim of study I was to investigate possible differences on psychosocial variables between back pain sufferers with a recent history of being off work and those with similar pain but no sick absenteeism. The objective of study II was first to examine the occurrence of fear-avoidance beliefs and catastrophizing in the general population and secondly to assess whether fear-avoidance beliefs are related to current ratings of pain and activity level. Study III sought to prospectively investigate the effects of fear-avoidance beliefs on the genesis of future back pain. In study IV the aim was to examine the role of fear-avoidance beliefs and catastrophizing related to outcome measures at follow-up in a sample of patients with fractures. The design of study I was cross-sectional and comprised 63 female hospital employees with low back pain. Study II was also cross-sectional and included 917 men and women from the general population with no or different degrees of spinal pain. Those in study 11 that were pain-free were later prospectively followed in study III regarding an inception of an episode of back pain (n=415). Study IV was of prospective design and comprised 70 patients with fractures of the wrist or the ankle. Results showed that psychosocial factors, such as perceived health and attitudes about the relationship between pain and impairment, were discriminative between those being off work and those with no sick absenteeism. Higher levels of fear-avoidance beliefs increased the risk of having a lower level of activity. Higher levels of catastrophizing were related to ratings of pain with an increased risk by 1.8. Furthermore fear-avoidance beliefs increased the risk of the inception of a new episode of pain by 2 and catastrophizing increased the risk by 1.5. The risk of a lower physical function was increased by 1.5 regarding catastrophizing. Finally, higher levels of fear-avoidance beliefs increased the risk by three for having pain, and catastrophizing in relation to side difference regarding muscle strength was increased almost six times. The studies underscore the importance of psychosocial factors such as fear-avoidance beliefs and catastrophizing regarding working ability and activity level. In line with earlier studies, the results suggest that these cognitions play an important part in musculoskeletal conditions, activity levels, and in the transition from acute to chronic pain. It is recommended that the knowledge is incorporated in screening procedures for early treatment and secondary prevention.
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| 3. |
- Kindblom-Rising, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Nursing staff's communication modes in patient transfer before and after an educational intervention
- 2010
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Ingår i: Ergonomics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0014-0139 .- 1366-5847. ; 53:10, s. 1217-1227
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective was to explore and describe nursing staff's body awareness and communication in patient transfers and evaluate any changes made after an educational intervention to promote staff competence in guiding patients to move independently. In total, 63 nursing staff from two hospitals wrote weekly notes before and after the intervention. The topics were: A) reflect on a transfer during the last week that you consider was good and one that was poor; B) reflect on how your body felt during a good and a poor transfer. The notes were analysed with content analysis. The results showed five different communication modes connected with nursing staff's physical and verbal communication. These communication modes changed after 1 year to a more verbal communication, focusing on the patient's mobility. The use of instructions indicated a new or different understanding of patient transfer, which may contribute to a development of nursing staff's competence. Statement of Relevance: The present findings indicate that patient transfer consists of communication. Therefore, verbal and bodily communication can have an integral part of training in patient transfer; furthermore, the educational design of such programmes is important to reach the goal of developing new understanding and enhancing nursing staff's competence in patient transfer.
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| 4. |
- Kindblom-Rising, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Nursing staff’s movement awareness, attitudes and reported behaviour in patient transfer before and after an educational intervention
- 2011
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Ingår i: Applied Ergonomics. - : Elsevier. - 0003-6870 .- 1872-9126. ; 42:3, s. 455-463
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective was to evaluate changes after a two half-day patient transfer course regarding nursing staffs movement and body awareness, attitudes, reported behaviour, strain, disorder and sick leave. The course aimed at increasing staffs self-awareness of movements and body, and their communication competence, with the intention to promote the patient’s independent mobility. Ninety-nine staff in an intervention group and 77 staff in two control groups answered a questionnaire before and after the intervention. After one year there was a significant increase in the number of instructions given and nursing staff’s movement awareness in the intervention group compared to the control group. Reported physical disorders decreased significantly in the intervention group compared with both control groups. Increased movement awareness and frequent use of instructions during transfers may encourage patients to move independently and thereby reduce the strain in nursing staff.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Källstrand-Eriksson, Jeanette, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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A grounded theory of seniors’ self-preservation : maintaining residual self and resisting decay
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- One of the major health issues in elderly are injuries and the second most prevalent causes of injury-related hospitalizations are falls. The purpose of this grounded theory study was to generate an explanatory theory of seniors living independently in the community and how they possibly resolve issues influenced by visual impairment and risk of falling. Thirteen elderly people living independently in the community (seven women and six men, aged between 73 and 85 years) and six visual instructors participated as data informants in this interview and observational study where we applied classic grounded theory. The elderly individuals were maintaining their residual self and resisting self-decay as part of an overarching pattern of behaviour that we call self-preservation. The main concern of participants was to remain themselves as who they used to be. This study is not a typology of people but of their behaviour and one person could use both these strategies to preserve self. He or she would both maintain their residual selves by living with the past, keeping their home intact, maintaining past activities and appearances by facading and avoiding burdening their family; as well as resisting self-decay by exercising, using walking aids or hearing aids or maintaining support networks with neighbours, friends or other groups of seniors as well as being physically active. Whilst maintaining one’s residual self is mostly driven by inertia resisting self-decay is often a proactive and purposely driven strategy.
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| 7. |
- Källstrand Eriksson, Jeanette, 1965-
(författare)
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Being on the trail of ageing : Functional visual ability and risk of falling in an increasingly ageing population
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The elderly population is estimated to increase worldwide. One of the major health determinants identified in this population are injuries where one of the most prevalent causes are falls. The overall aim of this thesis was to describe and explore visual impairment and falls of inpatients and independently living elderly in the community and how daily life activities were influenced by visual ability and risk of falling. Methods in the studies were a quantitative retrospective descriptive design for study I followed by two quantitative retrospective and explorative studies where in study II perceived vision related quality of life and in study III performance-based visual ability were investigated. Study IV was a qualitative explorative study using classic grounded theory. In study I all falls of inpatients at a medical clinic 65 years and older (n=68) were registered during one year. In study II and III a random sample (n=212) of independently living elderly between 70 and 85 years of age participated in both studies. In study IV seven women and six men between 73 and 85 years of age from the two previous studies and six visual instructors (n=19) participated. The data in study I was collected during 2004, study II and III between February 2009 to March 2010 and study IV December 2009 to January 2013. The results in study I showed that most falls in five hospital wards occurred at night and those most affected had an established visual impairment. Almost half the population in study II and III fell at least once. Perceived vision when performing daily life activities showed a positive association between visual impairment and falls in men but not in women (II). No associations were found between performance-based measured visual ability and falls (III). Visually impaired elderly did not consider risk of falling as a problem (IV). Their main concern is to remain themselves as who they used to be which is managed by self- preservation while maintaining their residual selves and resisting self decay. Maintaining residual self is done by living in the past mostly driven by inertia while resisting self decay is a proactive and purposeful driven strategy.It is a complex issue to do fall risk assessments and planning fall preventive action where the individual’s entire life situation has to be taken into consideration.
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| 8. |
- Källstrand-Eriksson, J., et al.
(författare)
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Perceived functional visual impairment and risk of falling in a non-institutionalized elderly population in Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - Oxford, United Kingdom : Oxford University Press. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 22:Suppl. 2, s. 106-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Falls and fall injuries among the elderly population is an important public health issue today since ageing is an independent risk factor of falling and because of an increasing elderly population. Falls and fall injuries are associated with high healthcare costs but also considerable suffering for the individual. According to the Swedish National Health Institute the costs of deterioration in quality of life caused by accidental falls are calculated to be twice as high as the direct costs such as medical treatment, healthcare and rehabilitation. There are various predictive factors of falling and visual impairment isone of them. It is well known that visual impairment occurs increasingly as people age. Usually, only visual acuity is considered when measuring visual impairment, but nothing regarding a person’s functional visual ability is taken into account.Methods: Therefore, the aim of our study was to assess the perceived vision-targeted health status among non-institutionalized elderly living in the community using the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) and to investigate whether there was any association between the vision-targeted health status and falls. There were 212 randomly selected elderly participants in the study.Results: The results showed that general health was the only variable significantly associated with falls both among men (p = 0.011) and women (p = 0.029). However, among men, distance activities (p = 0.033), such as going down steps, or curbs in dim light, and peripheral vision (p = 0.048) such as difficulties in noticing objects off to the side while walking along, were significantly associated with falling. Near activities (p = 0.005), color vision (p = 0.002) and dependency (p = 0.022) as well as social functioning (p = 0.014) and role difficulties (p = 0.000) were also significantly associated with falling among men.Conclusions: To meet the demands from an increasing elderly population, a more holistic approach of the visual function is needed when identifying elderly individuals at risk of falling.
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| 9. |
- Källstrand-Eriksson, Jeanette, et al.
(författare)
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Perceived vision-related quality of life and risk of falling among community living elderly people
- 2013
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - Chichester : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 27:2, s. 433-439
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Perceived vision-related quality of life and risk of falling among community living elderly people Falls and fall injuries among the elderly population are common, since ageing is a risk factor of falling. Today, this is a major problem because the ageing population is increasing. There are predictive factors of falling and visual impairment is one of them. Usually, only visual acuity is considered when measuring visual impairment, and nothing regarding a person's functional visual ability is taken into account. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the perceived vision-related quality of life among the community living elderly using the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) and to investigate whether there was any association among vision-related quality of life and falls. There were 212 randomly selected elderly people participating in the study. Our study indicated that the participants had an impaired perceived vision-related health status. General health was the only NEI VFQ-25 variable significantly associated with falls in both men and women. However, among men, near and distance activities, vision-specific social functioning, role difficulties and dependency, color and peripheral vision were related to falls.
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| 10. |
- Källstrand Eriksson, Jeanette, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Seniors' self-preservation by maintaining established self and defying deterioration : A grounded theroy
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - Järfälla, Sweden : Co-action Publishing. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this classic grounded theory study was to understand how seniors who are living independently resolve issues influenced by visual impairment and high fall risk. We interviewed and observed 13 seniors with visual impairment in their homes. We also interviewed six visual instructors with experience from many hundreds of relevant incidents from the same group of seniors. We found that the seniors are resolving their main concern of ‘‘remaining themselves as who they used to be’’ by self-preservation. Within this category, the strategies maintaining the established self and defying deterioration emerged as the most prominent in our data. The theme maintaining the established self is mostly guided by change inertia and includes living the past (retaining past activities, reminiscing, and keeping the home intact) and facading (hiding impairment, leading to avoidance of becoming a burden and to risk juggling). Defying deterioration is a proactive scheme and involves moving (by exercising, adapting activities, using walking aids, driving), adapting (by finding new ways), and networking by sustaining old support networks or finding new networks. Self-preservation is generic human behavior and modifying this theory to other fields may therefore be worthwhile. In addition, health care providers may have use for the theory in fall preventive planning.
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