| 1. |
- Berner, Logan T., et al.
(författare)
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The Arctic plant aboveground biomass synthesis dataset
- 2024
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Ingår i: Scientific Data. - : Springer Nature. - 2052-4463. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plant biomass is a fundamental ecosystem attribute that is sensitive to rapid climatic changes occurring in the Arctic. Nevertheless, measuring plant biomass in the Arctic is logistically challenging and resource intensive. Lack of accessible field data hinders efforts to understand the amount, composition, distribution, and changes in plant biomass in these northern ecosystems. Here, we present The Arctic plant aboveground biomass synthesis dataset, which includes field measurements of lichen, bryophyte, herb, shrub, and/or tree aboveground biomass (g m−2) on 2,327 sample plots from 636 field sites in seven countries. We created the synthesis dataset by assembling and harmonizing 32 individual datasets. Aboveground biomass was primarily quantified by harvesting sample plots during mid- to late-summer, though tree and often tall shrub biomass were quantified using surveys and allometric models. Each biomass measurement is associated with metadata including sample date, location, method, data source, and other information. This unique dataset can be leveraged to monitor, map, and model plant biomass across the rapidly warming Arctic.
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| 2. |
- El-Sayed, Ashraf, et al.
(författare)
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Attraction and Antennal Response of the Common Wasp, Vespula vulgaris (L.), to Selected Synthetic Chemicals in New Zealand Beech Forests
- 2009
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Ingår i: Pest Management Science. - : Wiley. - 1526-498X .- 1526-4998. ; 65:9, s. 975-981
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The common wasp, Vespula vulgaris (L.), and the German wasp, Vespula germanica (F.), are significant problems in New Zealand beech forests (Nothofagus spp.), adversely affecting native birds and invertebrate biodiversity. This work was undertaken to develop synthetic attractants for these species to enable more efficient monitoring and management. RESULTS: Seven known wasp attractants (acetic acid, butyl butyrate, isobutanol, heptyl butyrate, octyl butyrate and 2,4-hexadienyl butyrate) were field tested, and only heptyl butyrate and octyl butyrate attracted significantly higher numbers of wasps than a non-baited trap. Accordingly, a series of straight-chain esters from methyl to decyl butyrate were prepared and field tested for attraction of social wasps. Peak biological activity occurred with hexyl butyrate, heptyl butyrate, octyl butyrate and nonyl butyrate. Polyethylene bags emitting approximately 18.4-22.6 mg day(-1) of heptyl butyrate were more attractive than polyethylene bags emitting approximately 14.7-16.8 mg day(-1) of heptyl butyrate in the field. Electroantennogram (EAG) studies indicated that queens and workers of V. vulgaris had olfactory receptor neurons responding to various aliphatic butyrates. CONCLUSION: These results are the first to be reported on the EAG response and the attraction of social wasps to synthetic chemicals in New Zealand beech forests and will enable monitoring of social wasp activity in beech forests. (C) 2009 Society of Chemical industry
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| 3. |
- Engvall, Tove, et al.
(författare)
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The role of the records professional
- 2019. - 1
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Ingår i: Trusting Records in the Cloud. - London : Facet Publishing. - 9781783304028 ; , s. 223-244
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With digitalization, professional roles changes. New tasks, skills and collaboration with other professions are needed. This chapter highlight core responsibilities and expertise that records professionals contribute. It also highlight examples from initiatives with open data in Sweden and United Kingdom, as well as development of digitization of accounting in China.
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| 4. |
- Sullivan, Nicola J., et al.
(författare)
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Developing a mealybug pheromone monitoring tool to enhance IPM practices in New Zealand vineyards
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Pest Science. - : Springer. - 1612-4758 .- 1612-4766. ; 96, s. 29-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mealybugs are phloem-feeding insects found on many crops worldwide. In New Zealand vineyards, they transmit the economically important Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3). For some mealybug species, synthetic sex pheromones have been commercialised, and are used as monitoring tools. The mealybugs Pseudococcus longispinus and Pseudococcus calceolariae are major pests in many New Zealand vineyards. We present work on the development of a combined P. longispinus and P. calceolariae pheromone lure. The optimal dose for monitoring P. longispinus was found to be 10 mu g of the (S)-(+)-enantiomer, either alone or in the racemic mixture. Addition of the corresponding alcohol did not improve trap catch of P. longispinus. Both the P. longispinus and the P. calceolariae pheromone lures remained active in the field for 90 days. Combining the 2 species' pheromones had no negative effects on male mealybug trap catch for either species. We conclude that the pheromone ester alone is the best lure for the male P. longispinus. Combining the two mealybug species' pheromones into a single lure provides the New Zealand viticultural industry with an efficient monitoring tool. Late-vintage deployment of baited lures will provide information on mealybug abundance and local distribution that will inform the scope of future insecticide programmes, to target areas based on need rather than an area-wide application by default.
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| 5. |
- Unelius, C. Rikard, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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The Absolute Configuration of the Sex Pheromone of the Citrophilous Mealybug, Pseudococcus calceolariae
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Ecology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0098-0331 .- 1573-1561. ; 37:2, s. 166-172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The absolute configuration of the sex pheromone of the Citrophilous mealybug, Pseudococcus calceolariae, has been identified as (1R,3R)-2,2-dimethyl-3-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)cyclopropyl)methyl (R)-2-acetoxy-3-methylbutanoate. The absolute configuration was determined by NMR, derivatization reactions, chiral GC/MS analysis, and comparison with synthetic chiral reference compounds. The correct structure was further proven by trap catches of adult male mealybugs in field trials. Traps baited with 1000 µg of the pheromone caught 36-fold more males than traps baited with virgin females. A mixture of stereoisomers of the pheromone can be used in field trapping experiments. A comparison with the structures of other sex pheromones of mealybugs is presented.
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