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| 2. |
- Avery, Ryan, et al.
(författare)
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An Interactive Tool for Collecting Traveler Behavior Information
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 87th Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting, Jan. 2008.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding driver behavior and response to traffic information is necessary in order toachieve the maximum benefit from Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS). This paperdescribes the development of a travel simulator to collect information on driver route choice inresponse to traffic information. A main feature of the simulator is the realistic representation ofmultiple traffic information sources (currently VMS and radio messages). Furthermore, thesimulator is one of the first Internet-based travel simulators, and the only one that accuratelysimulated the driving task. The simulator consists of collection of pre-trip information anddefault route information followed by multiple simulated trips with varying incidents and trafficinformation. The simulator is evaluated and measures well against established guidelines fortravel simulator development. Results will be discussed in future papers as data collection usingthe simulator is ongoing as of August 2007.
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| 3. |
- Babicheva, Tatiana, et al.
(författare)
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Empty vehicle redistribution and fleet size in autonomous taxi systems
- 2019
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Ingår i: IET Intelligent Transport Systems. - : INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET. - 1751-956X .- 1751-9578. ; 13:4, s. 677-682
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates empty vehicle redistribution algorithms for personal rapid transit and autonomous taxi services. The focus is on passenger service and operator cost. A new redistribution algorithm is presented in this study: index-based redistribution (IBR). IBR is a proactive method, meaning it takes into account both current demand and anticipated future demand, in contrast to reactive methods, which act based on current demand only. From information on currently waiting for passengers, predicted near-future demand and projected arrival of vehicles, IBR calculates an index for each vehicle station, and redistribution is done based on this index. Seven different algorithm combinations are evaluated using a test case in Paris Saclay, France (20 stations and 100 vehicles). A combination of simple nearest neighbours and IBR is shown to be promising. Its results outperform the other methods tested in peak and off-peak demand, in terms of average and maximum passenger waiting times as well as station queue length. The effect of vehicle fleet size on generalised cost is analysed. Waiting times, mileage and fleet size are taken into account while assessing this generalised cost.
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| 4. |
- Babicheva, Tatiana, et al.
(författare)
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Empty vehicle redistribution in autonomous taxi services
- 2019
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Ingår i: EURO Journal on Transportation and Logistics. - : SPRINGER HEIDELBERG. - 2192-4376 .- 2192-4384. ; 8:5, s. 745-767
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we investigate empty vehicle redistribution algorithms for Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) or autonomous station-based taxi services, from a passenger service perspective. We present a new index-based redistribution (IBR) algorithm that improves upon existing nearest neighbour and indexing algorithms by incorporating expected passenger arrivals and predicted waiting times into the surplus/deficit index. We evaluate six variations of algorithms on a test case in Paris Saclay, France. The results show that especially the combination of Simple Nearest Neighbours + Index Based Redistribution provides promising results for both off-peak and rush-hour demand, outperforming the other methods tested, in terms of passenger waiting time (average and maximum) as well as station queue lengths.
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| 5. |
- Babicheva, T., et al.
(författare)
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The matching problem of empty vehicle redistribution in autonomous taxi systems
- 2018
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Ingår i: The 9th International Conference on Ambient Systems, Networks and Technologies (ANT 2018) / The 8th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Information Technology (SEIT-2018) / Affiliated Workshops. - : Elsevier. ; , s. 119-125
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article discusses empty vehicle redistribution algorithms for PRT and autonomous taxi services from a passenger service perspective. In modern literature reactive methods such as nearest neighbours are commonly used. In this article we first formulate the general matching problem on a bipartite graph of available vehicles and stations. In addition, we propose a new index-based proactive redistribution (IBR) algorithm based on predicted near-future demand at stations. Test results of six variations of combined proactive and reactive strategies on a test case in Saclay, France with 20 stations and 100 vehicles are given. The combined Nearest Neighbour / IBR provides a promising solution for both peak and off-peak demand, significantly outperforming all other methods considered, in terms of passenger waiting time (both average and maximum) as well as in terms of station queue lengths.
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| 6. |
- Berg Wincent, Boel, et al.
(författare)
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Access distance to e-scooters : Analysis of app use and trip data in Stockholm
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research. - : Elsevier. - 2950-1059. ; , s. 100004-100004
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Users’ access distance to shared micromobility services is an important component of travel patterns, a determinant of travel choices, and input to determining service catchment areas. Users’ willingness to walk to shared micromobility vehicles is increasingly relevant as policymakers regulate shared free-floating e-scooters to designated parking zones. This paper proposes a novel approach to analyze access distances of e-scooters users based on e-scooter app use and trip data for Stockholm, Sweden. Euclidean access and map-based walking distances are derived from the distances between the location where the users opens the app to search for an e-scooter and the trip’s origin. Variations in access and walking distances are analyzed based on time of day, day of week, proximity to public transportation, and geographical distribution. Users walk on average 185 m and have an active walking time of 2.3 min with a median value of 95 m and 2.1 min. Shorter walking distances are observed for trips during the morning and lunch hours compared to the afternoon and at night. Furthermore, users walk slightly longer during the weekend compared to weekdays. Access distances are shortest within a 0–100 m radius to the nearest public transportation station. The suggested catchment area radius for shared e-scooters ranges from 128 m to 203 m, based on the 75th percentile of access distances. A policy implication is the importance of planning parking zones for e-scooters very close to public transportation to encourage multimodal trips.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Berg Wincent, Boel, et al.
(författare)
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Parkering av elsparkcyklar : Enkätundersökning av effekter och åsikter kring parkeringsförbudet i Stockholm, Göteborg och Malmö
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den 1 september 2022 infördes ett nationellt parkeringsförbud för elsparkcyklar i Sverige. Parkeringsförbudet innebar att delade elsparkcyklar enbart fick parkeras på särskilda platser för elsparkcyklar eller på cykelparkeringar. Stockholms stad och Malmö stad valde två olika utformningar av parkeringssystem för elsparkcyklar medan Göteborgs stad valde att skjuta upp införandet med hjälp av lokala trafikföreskrifter. Den här enkätstudien undersöker effekter och åsikter kring parkeringsförbudet hos delade elsparkcykelanvändare i Stockholm, Göteborg och Malmö. Syftet med enkätundersökningen är att förstå vad användarna har för önskemål och attityder relaterat till parkering av elsparkcyklar.Enkäten togs fram under hösten 2022 och skickades ut till elsparkcykeloperatören Vois användare i Stockholm, Malmö och Göteborg den 17 november 2022. Totalt inkom 1584 svar. 965 användare från Stockholm, 145 användare från Göteborg och 159 användare från Malmö ingick i det slutliga urvalet som låg till grund för resultatet. Majoriteten av användarna från alla tre städer var heltidsanställda, boende inom Vois driftzon, hade minst en eftergymnasial utbildning och var av manligt kön. Ålder och årsinkomst varierade något mellan städerna. Användare i Stockholm hade i genomsnitt använt 2,7 elsparkcykeloperatörer senaste sex månaderna medan användare i Göteborg hade använt 2,6 och i Malmö 2,2. I Stockholm och Göteborg var den vanligaste användarfrekvensen en eller flera gånger per vecka medan det i Malmö var en eller flera gånger per månad.Användarna i Stockholm och Malmö uppgav att deras användarfrekvens, gångtid och åktid för resor med elsparkcyklar hade påverkats efter 1 september. Användarna i Göteborg rapporterade i lägre utsträckning att deras användning hade påverkats efter 1 september 2022. Mest positiva till parkeringsförbudet var användarna i Stockholm medan användarna i Malmö var mest negativt inställda. Användarna upplevde att införandet av parkeringsförbudet inneburit mer ordning och reda i stadsmiljön men att tillgången till elsparkcyklar och möjligheten att parkera nära destination hade blivit sämre. Täthet och placering av parkeringszonerna för elsparkcyklar var de aspekterna som användarna i Stockholm och Malmö var mest missnöjda med samtidigt som det var de aspekterna som användarna i Göteborg ansåg som viktigast.Utöver täthet och placering frågades även användarna om storlek, tydlighet och enkelhet i parkeringssystemet samt hur operatörens app användes för att hitta parkering. Genomgående var användarna i Stockholm mindre missnöjda med utformningen av parkeringssystemet i jämförelse med användarna i Malmö. Det tolkas som att Stockholms stad har lyckats bättre med elsparkcykelparkering ur ett användarperspektiv. Fler än hälften av användarna i alla tre städer hade gjort en kombinerad resa med elsparkcykel och kollektivtrafik. Användarna i Malmö hade i högst utsträckning gjort multimodala resor med elsparkcykel och kollektivtrafik, men uppgav i lägst utsträckning att det var lätt att parkera vid en hållplats eller station. Möjligheten att parkera vid kollektivtrafik är viktigt att beakta om uppmuntran till multimodala resor med elsparkcyklar och kollektivtrafik är av prioritet.
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| 10. |
- Berg Wincent, Boel
(författare)
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Shared e-scooter usage patterns : Analysis of app and trip data
- 2024
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is an urgent need to shift the urban mode distribution towards public transportation, micromobility, and shared mobility as a critical step towards achieving sustainable cities. Micromobility, with shared e-scooters as the main driving force, has sprung up as a promising mode for cities since the late 2010s. The development has been rapid and concurrent, with many changes in policy and operations. Given the novelty of the mode, there is an evident need for planners, policymakers, e-scooter companies, and researchers to understand the usage patterns and potentials of shared e-scooters. This thesis studied shared e-scooter usage patterns by analyzing app and trip data. Paper I analyses the access and walking distance to shared e-scooters. The Euclidean access distance was calculated from app and trip data. A process was then developed to estimate map-based walking distance from the Euclidean distance by removing and replacing outliers with an approximated value. Finally, a catchment area for shared e-scooters was presented. The result show that the walking distance is short, the majority walking less than 95 m and 2.1 min.Paper II evaluated shared e-scooters as a last-minute mode, a mode used as a way to mitigate the risk of late arrival. The study was based on the assumption of a preferred arrival time, which was tested where there was an associated risk of arriving late and when the assumed preferred arrival time shifts. Trip characteristics(speeds, distances, ride times, and trip frequency) of last-minute trips were analyzed and identified. The result show a peak in the number of trips ending before the full hour of the morning. These trips are infrequent on the user level and have lower average ride duration and higher average speeds, indicating an larger share of last-minute trips.
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