| 1. |
- Cantarero-Arevalo, Lourdes, et al.
(författare)
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A Qualitative Analysis of the Culture of Antibiotic Use for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Among Patients in Northwest Russia
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Pharmacology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1663-9812. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Due to the globally persistent threat of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), the purpose of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of the antibiotic (AB) practices, knowledge and attitudes among patients residing in five regions in the northwest part of Russia. Given the high prevalence, this study focused on ABs for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (URTI).Methods: The qualitative, semi-structured interviews followed a guide organized by major themes such as common symptoms, consultations with doctors and external influences in decision-making. Patient participants were recruited via convenience sampling. Fifty-five interviews were conducted among patients using ABs for URTIs purchased with or without prescription. Data was analyzed using a direct content analysis and validation rounds were conducted between interviewers and data analyzers.Results: Self-medication with ABs seemed a common practice across all five Russian regions; in some cases, patients tried to persuade pharmacists into selling them ABs without prescription. Factors, such as time spent going to the doctor, need of a sick leave or self-persuasion, influenced the decisions of whether or not to seek the doctor for symptoms of URTIs. Knowledge of ABs and AMR was generally low; however, some patients with seemingly good knowledge practiced self-medication from time to time. Family members and friends were often involved in decisions about how to handle symptoms of URTIs, especially among those patients using ABs without prescription. Few patients had noticed ABs awareness campaigns, and very few reported having learned something important from them.Conclusion: Despite enforced regulation of AB use in Russia, self-medication still exists. Knowledge is not always linked to appropriate use of AB, and the few campaigns conducted were not always noticed.
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| 2. |
- Cantarero Arevalo, Lourdes, et al.
(författare)
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Ethnic differences in asthma treatment among Swedish adolescents: A multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1651-1905 .- 1403-4948. ; 44:2, s. 94-184
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adolescents with immigrant or ethnic minority background suffering from asthma receive on average less appropriate anti-asthmatic medication (AAM) than the majority population. However, those findings are based on analyses of differences between group averages which prevents our understanding of individual heterogeneity around the averages. Taking into account individual socioeconomic factors and medical needs, we performed multilevel analysis in order to evaluate if maternal country of birth (MCOB) accurately identifies adolescents with inappropriate AAM use.
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| 3. |
- Jacobsen, Ramune, et al.
(författare)
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Online and Blended Learning Courses for Healthcare Professionals and Policymakers on Patients' Perspectives on Medicine : A Project Report.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Pharmacy. - : MDPI AG. - 2226-4787. ; 10:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order for healthcare professionals to better engage with patients, they need to understand and integrate the perspectives of patients into their daily work. In this project, we developed two courses for healthcare professionals on patients' perspectives on medicine. One course was an online course that introduced the patients' perspectives on medicine and explained its importance for healthcare and health policy. The second course was a blended learning course, consisting of online modules and face-to-face webinars, which specified how to explore patients' perspectives in qualitative interviews, and how to develop implementation plans. Patients participated in the development, execution, and evaluation of both courses. Overall, more than 2000 healthcare professionals enrolled in the first course and, in just over a year, 191 participants completed the online course; 57 healthcare professionals registered in the second blended learning course and six participants completed both components of the course. The relevance of knowledge gained was positively evaluated. Participants especially appreciated the participation of patients. Based on the feedback, the second blended learning course was adapted to run online and both courses continue to be freely available to all interested healthcare professionals on the Coursera platform.
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| 4. |
- Kaae, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences from a pilot study on how to conduct a qualitative multi-country research project regarding use of antibiotics in Southeast Europe.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2052-3211. ; 9, s. 20-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In 2014, a qualitative multi-country research project was launched to study the reasons behind the high use of antibiotics in regions of Southeast Europe by using previously untrained national interviewers (who were engaged in other antibiotic microbial resistance-related investigations) to conduct qualitative interviews with local patients, physicians and pharmacists. Little knowledge exists about how to implement qualitative multi-country research collaborations involving previously untrained local data collectors. The aim of this paper was therefore to contribute to the knowledge regarding how to conduct these types of research projects by evaluating a pilot study of the project.METHODS: Local data collectors conducted the study according to a developed protocol and evaluated the study with the responsible researcher-team from University of Copenhagen. The pilot study focused on 'local ownership', 'research quality' and 'feasibility' with regard to successful implementation and evaluation. The evaluation was achieved by interpreting 'Skype' and 'face to face' meetings and email correspondence by applying 'critical common sense'.RESULTS: Local data collectors achieved a sense of joint ownership. Overall, the protocol worked well. Several minor challenges pertaining to research quality and feasibility were identified, in particular obtaining narratives when conducting interviews and recruiting patients for the study. Furthermore, local data collectors found it difficult to allocate sufficient time to the project. Solutions were discussed and added to the protocol.CONCLUSIONS: Despite the challenges, it was possible to achieve an acceptable scientific level of research when conducting qualitative multi-country research collaboration under the given circumstances. Specific recommendations to achieve this are provided by the authors.
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| 5. |
- Kaae, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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The antibiotic knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of patients, doctors and pharmacists in the WHO Eastern European region - a qualitative, comparative analysis of the culture of antibiotic use in Armenia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Russia and Tajikistan.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1551-7411 .- 1934-8150. ; 16:2, s. 238-248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: To reduce antimicrobial resistance (AMR), initiatives such as surveillance activities and activities to increase knowledge about how and why antibiotics (ABs) are (mis)used are needed. More surveillance systems are in place in the WHO Western European region than in the Eastern region, and only sparse knowledge exists about the current culture of AB use in the Eastern European countries.OBJECTIVE: To investigate AB knowledge, attitudes and behaviors in countries in the WHO Eastern European region in order to identify overall similarities and differences across the region and how AB knowledge, attitudes and behavior patterns may be influenced by the national health care system.METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted in Armenia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Russia and Tajikistan with patients, doctors and pharmacists. In total, 80 interviews were carried out. A directed content analysis was applied, followed by a comparative analysis, identifying the similarities and differences in AB attitudes, knowledge and behaviors between the countries and discussing how the national health care systems might influence these patterns.RESULTS: Cross-national patterns were identified regarding patients seeking ABs over-the-counter (OTC), patient variations in their requests for ABs when consulting doctors, and, finally, doctors and pharmacists appearing knowledgeable about ABs and their uses, with doctors displaying careful attitudes towards AMR. Indications of national differences between the countries included the ability of patients to afford ABs, prescribing practices of doctors and pharmacist attitudes towards selling ABs without prescriptions. Multiple aspects involved in patient and pharmacist AB decision making were detected, such as various rationales involved in buying/selling ABs OTC, implying that these processes are more complex than previously reported in the literature.CONCLUSIONS: Similarities across the Eastern European region could be seen in patient needs and uses of antibiotics obtained OTC at community pharmacies, whereas doctors appeared more influenced by specific structures of the national healthcare system.
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| 6. |
- Kälvemark Sporrong, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Methodological and disciplinary competence and insecurity in qualitative research
- 2022
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Ingår i: Contemporary Research Methods in Pharmacy and Health Services. - : Elsevier. - 9780323918886 ; , s. 567-573
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter is based on discussions at a workshop at the Nordic Social Pharmacy Conference in 2019, named How do we know it’s good? A workshop on quality criteria in qualitative social and clinical pharmacy research. After an introduction, the chapter continues with a glance at two different epistemologies. Thereafter, reflections on the challenges that many social pharmacy researchers meet as they come from a natural science background into qualitative research are presented. Specific aspects presented and discussed are: methodological and disciplinary competence and insecurity, reflexivity, transparency, checklists, quality criteria, sample size, and saturation.
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| 7. |
- Kälvemark Sporrong, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Social Pharmacy Research in Copenhagen-Maintaining a Broad Approach.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Pharmacy. - : MDPI AG. - 2226-4787. ; 4:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social Pharmacy (SP) is a multidisciplinary field to promote the adequate use of medicine. The field of SP is increasingly important due to a numbers of new trends all posing challenges to society. The SP group at the University of Copenhagen has for several years used a broad approach to SP teaching and research, often illustrated by the four levels: individual, group, organizational, and societal. In this paper the relevance of maintaining a broad approach to SP research is argued for and examples of the importance of such type of research is presented.
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