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- Cao, GuiHong, 1977-
(författare)
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A paradox between technological autonomy and ethical heteronomy of philosophy of technology : Social control system
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Technoethics. - : IGI Global. - 1947-3451 .- 1947-346X. ; 4:1, s. 52-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With entering postmodern techne time since 1960s, society has experienced technical turn in 1985. After the emergence in 1877, philosophy of technology has undergone engineering ethics turn in 1970s and empirical turn in 1980s. A paradox (technoethics)(TE) highlights between technological autonomy (TA) and ethics heteronomy (EH) from philosophy of technology. Traced with the underlined reasons and responsibility party, social control system for TE need set up a set of social control principles (respect TA, enhance EH, minimize risk and maximize perfection via responsibility, imagine diversification via uplifting) and social control strategies (technical control mechanism, technical ethical education, technical law mechanism) among technicians, engineers, philosophers of technology, and technical users etc. Then, techne can develop towards rational perfection, under the reflection and supervising from ethics of philosophy of technology and law.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Cao, GuiHong
(författare)
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Borderless Philosophy of Technology: Intercultural Exchange and Spread for Technology between the West and the East
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Philosophy and Theology. - : American Research Institute for Policy Development. - 2333-5750 .- 2333-5769. ; 3:2, s. 49-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This project aims to investigate related processes, routes, and issues associated with the exchange and spread of the philosophy of technology. Using textual analysis, an examination of historical phases and spatial theory, and comparative research on schools of thought, this study investigates the international exchange and spread of the philosophy of technology. This article analyzes the critical approaches, theories, programs, and contributions of scholar schools, the eastward spread of Western culture as intercultural exchange and spread process, and the theme of technological revolution. This paper further explores the various barriers and reasons for this exchange and reception, thus proposing a global philosophy of technology with an intercultural technology program and an intercultural exchange and reception mode with endogenous and exogenous approaches. The technological development is led by the philosophy of technology and motivated by technological policies. An empirical turn and an ethical turn in the philosophy of technology are conducive to change and eliminate the survival and ecological crisis of nature. This study helps to improve the international communication and the practice of learning from each other about the philosophy of technology. Therefore, it strengthens the internationalization course and a disciplinary progress to achieve success for a great future.
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| 4. |
- Cao, GuiHong
(författare)
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Chinese Philosophy of Technology - A Parallel Tradition?
- 2015
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Ingår i: GSTF Journal of General Philosophy (JPhilo). - 2345-7856 .- 2345-7937. ; 2:1, s. 41-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This project investigates whether the Chinese philosophy of technology is a parallel tradition compared with the Western philosophy of technology. The Chinese philosophy of technology mainly stems from Dao and Marxist philosophy (especially the dialectics of nature), whereas the Western philosophy of technology primarily originates from Logos, the mechanical philosophy, and the philosophy of manufactures. In modern research traditions, there generally exists a practicing tradition in China, an analytical tradition in Anglo-America, and a phenomenological tradition in Europe. The discipline is delimited in similar but various ways. Important themes and topics are discussed with their similarities and differences. The Chinese model in Chinese or practicing tradition is practical and harmonious, being technological practice-oriented and social demand-based in a technological practice paradigm with a technocratic view. The Anglo-American model in Anglo-American or analytical tradition is pragmatic and constructive, applying technological criticism and philosophical analysis in a technological criticism paradigm with a humanistic reflection view. The European model in the continental or phenomenological tradition is pragmatic and reconstructive, employing technological explanation in a technological phenomenology paradigm with an engineering pragmatism view. All hold a technicism doctrine that promotes the sustainability of technological society in the natural homogeneous theory. This study originally argues on the natural homogeneity, performance heterogeneity, and contributions of the philosophy of technology in the Chinese, Anglo-American, and European models. With respect to traditional competition and transformational cooperation, this paper advocates a global agenda. These explorations contribute toward intercultural exchange and inclusive growth of Chinese and Western philosophies of technology.
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| 5. |
- Cao, GuiHong
(författare)
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Comparison of China-US Engineering Ethics Educations in Sino-Western Philosophies of Technology
- 2015
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Ingår i: Science and Engineering Ethics. - : Springer. - 1353-3452 .- 1471-5546. ; 22:6, s. 1609-1635
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ethics education has become essential in modern engineering. Ethics education in engineering has been increasingly implemented worldwide. It can improve ethical behaviors in technology and engineering design under the guidance of the philosophy of technology. Hence, this study aims to compare China-US engineering ethics education in Sino-Western philosophies of technology by using literature studies, online surveys, observational researches, textual analyses, and comparative methods. In my original theoretical framework and model of input and output for education, six primary variables emerge in the pedagogy: disciplinary statuses, educational goals, instructional contents, didactic models, teaching methods, and edificatory effects. I focus on the similarities and differences of engineering ethics educations between China and the US in Chinese and Western philosophies of technology. In the field of engineering, the US tends toward applied ethics training, whereas China inclines toward practical moral education. The US is the leader, particularly in the amount of money invested and engineering results. China has quickened its pace, focusing specifically on engineering labor input and output. Engineering ethics is a multiplayer game effected at various levels among (a) lower level technicians and engineers, engineering associations, and stockholders; (b) middle ranking engineering ethics education, the ministry of education, the academy of engineering, and the philosophy of technology; and (c) top national and international technological policies. I propose that professional engineering ethics education can play many important roles in reforming engineering social responsibility by international cooperation in societies that are becoming increasingly reliant on engineered devices and systems. Significantly, my proposals contribute to improving engineering ethics education and better-solving engineering ethics issues, thereby maximizing engineering sustainability.
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| 6. |
- Cao, GuiHong
(författare)
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Dynamic Technological Determinism of the Philosophy of Technology with Design and Innovation Approaches, and Effectiveness and Efficiency Principles in Sociotechnical Systems
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Ingår i: Technological Forecasting & Social Change. - 0040-1625.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Since coined in the 1920s, technological determinism has caused widespread controversy. This paper aims to investigate the rationality and roadmap of technological determinism under the philosophy of technology. Technological determinism, social determinism of technology, social construction of technology, and social shaping of technology are examined in terms of technology and society. This study proposes dynamic technological determinism that technological development determines social changes with design and innovation approaches, and effectiveness and efficiency principles. This dynamic theory is argued based on the following theses: (a) humans create and use technology as technological masters and agents by design and innovation; (b) technology is autonomous in essence with technological rules; (c) technological development determines social change as the effective and efficient factor for historical progress; (d) society restricts technology and technology adapts to society; and (e) society is driven by technological design, innovation, effectiveness, and efficiency in a sociotechnical system. Finally, this study examines its implications for science, technology, human values, technological assessment, forecast, and policy. This dynamic determinism of technology practically sets scientific ethics, technological decisive status in technocratic pragmatism, human dignity and freedom in design and innovation, social context restriction, and the significances for technological assessment, forecasting, and policymaking.
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| 7. |
- Cao, GuiHong
(författare)
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Science-Technology Relationships in Sino-Western Philosophies of Technology: Hints for Innovation, Competitiveness, and Policy
- 2015
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Ingår i: GSTF Journal of General Philosophy (JPhilo). - 2345-7856. ; 2:1, s. 10-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Science, technology, and innovation play crucial roles in the society. Studies on science-technology relationships primarily serve for innovation, competitiveness, and policy. Nevertheless, science-technology relationships in the evolution have been disputed in studies from academic and practical circles, especially from the philosophy of technology. This project aims to investigate science-technology relationships in Sino-Western philosophies of technology, and the hints for innovation, competitiveness, and policy. This paper launches and argues on a theoretical framework for science-technology relationships: (i) technology emerges earlier than science; (ii) science and technology are different but closely connected; (iii) science and technology engage in dynamic interaction; (iv) science-technology interaction takes various forms in its complex progress of nonlinearity and diversification; and (v) science-technology integration is presentational. This study applies a systems-theoretic approach to the interdependent policy issues relating to science, technology, innovation, and competitiveness. This article examines how endogenous and exogenous developments of science and technology in China and the West based on science-technology relationships have influenced science and technology innovations, national competitiveness, and science and technology policies. The results reveal cognitive progress and cultural diversity. National competitiveness is preferentially strengthened in real productivities by technological invention and innovation, assisted by scientific research and innovation. This study recommends shifting the centers of science policy and technology policy from exogenous developments to endogenous developments. This article proposes proper reforms from exogenous growth to endogenous growth in science and technology innovations, national competitiveness, and science and technology policies for policy making.
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| 8. |
- Cao, GuiHong
(författare)
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The Reception of Western Philosophy of Technology in China
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Ingår i: Techné. - 1091-8264 .- 2691-5928.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This project aims to examine the reception of the Western philosophy of technology in China. This process has undergone developmental phases of initiation, transition, and prosperity in China. Specifically, this article analyzes translations of Western works, critical receptions of disciplinary themes and topics, and the Chinese reception of the Western philosophy of technology in terms of the continental–analytic divide. This study originally argues for the theoretical and practical reasons underlying this reception and the subsequent influences. The Chinese reception of the Western philosophy of technology is theoretically related to ancient and modern intellectual traditions in Chinese history and culture. From a practical perspective, the phasic characteristics of the exchange and reception of the Western philosophy of technology correlate with Chinese political, economic, and societal changes. The Western philosophy of technology has greatly influenced Chinese philosophical views on technology and inspired developments of the Chinese philosophy of technology. This article argues that the Chinese reception of the Western philosophy of technology is critical based on principles of openness and caution, which mirrors the Chinese spirit of seeking truth from facts for technological practice. Therefore, Chinese scholars place the Western philosophy of technology in the Chinese context to encourage favorable developments of the Chinese philosophy of technology. Based on the family resemblance and critical reaction, the philosophies of technology in the West and China are cooperatively and competitively enhanced through intercultural exchange and critical reception. Finally, this study predicts new trends regarding Chinese interest in the Western philosophy of technology.
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