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Sökning: WFRF:(Capelli Silvia C.)

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1.
  • Nava, Veronica, et al. (författare)
  • Plastic debris in lakes and reservoirs
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 619:7969, s. 317-322
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Plastic debris is thought to be widespread in freshwater ecosystems globally(1). However, a lack of comprehensive and comparable data makes rigorous assessment of its distribution challenging(2,3). Here we present a standardized cross-national survey that assesses the abundance and type of plastic debris (>250 mu m) in freshwater ecosystems. We sample surface waters of 38 lakes and reservoirs, distributed across gradients of geographical position and limnological attributes, with the aim to identify factors associated with an increased observation of plastics. We find plastic debris in all studied lakes and reservoirs, suggesting that these ecosystems play a key role in the plastic-pollution cycle. Our results indicate that two types of lakes are particularly vulnerable to plastic contamination: lakes and reservoirs in densely populated and urbanized areas and large lakes and reservoirs with elevated deposition areas, long water-retention times and high levels of anthropogenic influence. Plastic concentrations vary widely among lakes; in the most polluted, concentrations reach or even exceed those reported in the subtropical oceanic gyres, marine areas collecting large amounts of debris(4). Our findings highlight the importance of including lakes and reservoirs when addressing plastic pollution, in the context of pollution management and for the continued provision of lake ecosystem services.
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2.
  • Polukeev, Alexey V., et al. (författare)
  • Unravelling strong temperature-dependence of JHD in transition metal hydrides : solvation and non-covalent interactions versus temperature-elastic H-H bonds
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Chemical Science. - 2041-6520. ; 14:43, s. 12308-12320
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A number of transition metal hydrides reveal intriguing temperature-dependent JHD in their deuterated derivatives and possibly the temperature dependent hydrogen-hydrogen distance (r(H-H)) as well. Previously, theoretical studies rationalized JHD and r(H-H) changes in such compounds through a “temperature-elastic” structure model with a significant population of vibrational states in an anharmonic potential. Based on the first variable temperature neutron diffraction study of a relevant complex, (p-H-POCOP)IrH2, observation of its elusive counterpart with longer r(H-H), crystallized as an adduct with C6F5I, and thorough spectroscopic and computational study, we argue that the model involving isomeric species in solution at least in some cases is more relevant. The existence of such isomers is enabled or enhanced by solvation and weak non-covalent interactions with solvent, such as halogen or dihydrogen bonds. “Non-classical” hydrides with r(H-H) ≈ 1.0-1.6 Å are especially sensitive to the above-mentioned factors.
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