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- Villarroel-Schneider, Johnny, et al.
(författare)
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Energy self-sufficiency and greenhouse gas emission reductions in Latin American dairy farms through massive implementation of biogas-based solutions
- 2022
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Ingår i: Energy Conversion and Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0196-8904 .- 1879-2227. ; 261, s. 115670-115670
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The transition towards sustainable economies with improved resource efficiency is today’s challenge for all productive sectors. The dairy sector in Latin America is growing without considering a clear path for sustainable energy and waste management solutions. This study proposes integrated solutions through a waste-to-energy approach. The solutions consider biogas production (via cow manure) as the main energy conversion pathway; technology solutions include biodigesters, power generators, and combined heat and power systems that supply not only the energy services demanded by dairy farms (for cooking gas, electricity, refrigeration and hot water) but also provide organic fertilizers. Biogas’ potential was estimated to verify whether it can cover the energy demands of the farms, while the levelized costs of producing biogas and electricity were the indicators for the techno-economic evaluation of the solutions. Greenhouse gas emission reductions were estimated by following IPCC guidelines. Specifically, the proposed solutions lead to energy self-sufficiency in most dairy farms with relevant biogas and electricity costs in the range of 1.7–3.7 and 6–12 USD cents/kWh, respectively. In addition, implementing the proposed solutions in Latin American dairy farms would allow annual greenhouse gas emission reductions of 32.8 Mton CO2 eq. with an additional 17 Mton if widespread use of the supplied organic fertilizers is achieved.
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| 2. |
- Villarroel-Schneider, Johnny, et al.
(författare)
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Open-source model applied for techno-economic optimization of a hybrid solarPV biogas-based polygeneration plant: the case of a dairy farmers’ associationin central Bolivia
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Proper sizing of energy systems is a key aspect that allows avoiding overestimated installationcosts or failures in operation and dispatch. Most of the available sizing tools focus on systemsdedicated only to electrical loads, omitting combined energy systems with simultaneous supplyof various thermal demands. This study presents an adaptation of an existing techno-economicoptimization model for broadening the design tool for small-scale energy systems supplyingboth electrical and thermal needs. For this, a new typology of the energy system was proposedadding components such as a combustor and a combined heat and power generator. Thenmodifications were made to the model framework (constraints, parameters, variables andobjective function). The developed model was applied to a polygeneration plant for anassociation of 30 small dairy farmers, where biogas is proposed to be produced to cover thedemand for cooking gas and mainly for fuelling the plant that supplies electricity, refrigerationfor milk (by using absorption refrigeration technology) and heat for drying organic fertilizersthat result from biogas production. In addition, the use of solar PV panels and batteries isconsidered. Different scenarios for analysing and validating the model were proposed; thebase scenario allows the operation of all the system components, generating surpluses ofelectricity (for selling), heat (for other uses) and biogas. The aggregated cost of producingelectricity and heat ranges from 0.043 to 0.068 USD/kWh; the penetration of solar energyranges from 27 to 36%, while the potential savings of CO2 emissions of applying the proposedpolygeneration system ranges from 109 to 131 ton of CO2 per year.
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