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- Bornehag, Carl-Gustaf, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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The SELMA study : a birth cohort study in Sweden following more than 2000 mother-child pairs
- 2012
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Ingår i: Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology. - Hoboken, USA : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0269-5022 .- 1365-3016. ; 26:5, s. 456-467
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: This paper describes the background, aim and study design for the Swedish SELMA study that aimed to investigate the importance of early life exposure during pregnancy and infancy to environmental factors with a major focus on endocrine disrupting chemicals for multiple chronic diseases/disorders in offspring.Methods: The cohort was established by recruiting women in the 10th week of pregnancy. Blood and urine from the pregnant women and the child and air and dust from home environment from pregnancy and infancy period have been collected. Questionnaires were used to collect information on life styles, socio-economic status, living conditions, diet and medical history.Results: Of the 8394 reported pregnant women, 6658 were invited to participate in the study. Among the invited women, 2582 (39%) agreed to participate. Of the 4076 (61%) non-participants, 2091 women were invited to a non-respondent questionnaire in order to examine possible selection bias. We found a self-selection bias in the established cohort when compared with the non-participant group, e.g. participating families did smoke less (14% vs. 19%), had more frequent asthma and allergy symptoms in the family (58% vs. 38%), as well as higher education among the mothers (51% vs. 36%) and more often lived in single-family houses (67% vs. 60%).Conclusions: These findings indicate that the participating families do not fully represent the study population and thus, the exposure in this population. However, there is no obvious reason that this selection bias will have an impact on identification of environmental risk factors.
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| 2. |
- Alves, Marco, et al.
(författare)
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Thin ply sheet molding compound enables thin laminates with properties as of continuous fibers
- 2020
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Ingår i: International SAMPE Technical Conference. ; 2020-June
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a research collaboration with Chalmers University of Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology (SWE) and Imperial College (UK), Oxeon AB has developed ultrathin carbon fiber sheet molding compound (SMC) products for high performance, thin laminate and ease of manufacture composite applications. Said SMC products are based on ultrathin (0.02 mm or 0.0008 in) Spread Tow Tapes that are cut by length and randomly distributed in order to obtain a preform with an in-plane isotropy in either dry or pre-impregnated form displaying the previously never seen minimum cured plate thickness of about 0.5 mm. Recent work has demonstrated that these SMC materials can reach high stiffness and strength making them good alternatives to metal alloys or even continuous fiber composites. In the conduced work, SMC composites were manufactured using ultra-thin tapes of high modulus and ultrahigh modulus fibers having a large length-to-thickness ratio. The paper will describe how these SMC products lead to high stiffness and to significant increase in strength compared to commercially available SMC materials.
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| 3. |
- Alves, Marco, et al.
(författare)
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Ultra-strong and stiff randomly-oriented discontinuous composites: closing the gap to quasi-isotropic continuous-fibre laminates
- 2020
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Ingår i: Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 1359-835X. ; 132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conventional randomly-oriented Tow Based Discontinuous Composites (TBDCs) are materials which combine good mechanical properties, lightweight and high manufacturability, and are therefore interesting for high-volume transport industries. This paper proposes, designs and successfully demonstrates a pathway to produce TBDCs with outstanding stiffness and tensile strength, by using ultra-thin tapes of (ultra-) high modulus carbonfibres. Numerical models are used to explore the design space of discontinuous composite materials, in order to identify the optimal microstructural design to maximise stiffness and strength. Selected microstructures are manufactured and tested under tension; the experimental results show good agreement with the numerical predictions, and demonstrate a significant increase in the tensile strength and Young's modulus of TBDCs by reducing the tow thickness and increasing the modulus of the fibres. Strength and stiffness increases of over 100% compared with the commercially available TBDC systems are achieved, resulting in mechanical properties that match the strength and overcome the stiffness of aerospace-graded continuous-fibre laminates.
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| 4. |
- Alves, Marco, et al.
(författare)
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Ultra-Thin and Stiff Randomly-Oriented Discontinuous Composites
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the American Society for Composites - 34th Technical Conference, ASC 2019. - Lancaster, PA : DEStech Publications, Inc..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents experimental and numerical results for tensile strength of tow based discontinues composite (TBDC) plates manufactured using ultra-thin fibre tapes of high stiffness carbon fibres. Numerical models were used to explore the design space of these materials, in order to identify the optimal tow properties that maximise the strength of TBDCs. The experimental show good agreement with the numerical predictions and demonstrate a significant increase in the tensile strength by reducing the tow thickness and increasing the stiffness of the fibres. Strength increases of up to 100%, compared with a commercially available material system, are found, illustrating the highly promising potential of this type of material.
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| 7. |
- Bornehag, Carl-Gustaf, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Prenatal Phthalate Exposures and Anogenital Distance in Swedish Boys
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Health Perspectives. - : Environmental Health Perspectives. - 0091-6765 .- 1552-9924. ; 123:1, s. 101-107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Phthalates are used as plasticizers in soft polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and in a large number of consumer products. Because of reported health risks, diisononyl phthalate (DiNP) has been introduced as a replacement for di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in soft PVC. This raises concerns because animal data suggest that DiNP may have antiandrogenic properties similar to those of DEHP. The anogenital distance (AGD)-the distance from the anus to the genitals-has been used to assess reproductive toxicity. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the associations between prenatal phthalate exposure and AGD in Swedish infants. METHODS: AGD was measured in 196 boys at 21 months of age, and first-trimester urine was analyzed for 10 phthalate metabolites of DEP (diethyl phthalate), DBP (dibutyl phthalate), DEHP, BBzP (benzylbutyl phthalate), as well as DiNP and creatinine. Data on covariates were collected by questionnaires. RESULTS: The most significant associations were found between the shorter of two AGD measures (anoscrotal distance; AGDas) and DiNP metabolites and strongest for oh-MMeOP [mono(4-methyl-7-hydroxyloctyl) phthalate] and oxo-MMeOP [mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate]. However, the AGDas reduction was small (4%) in relation to more than an interquartile range increase in DiNP exposure. CONCLUSIONS: These findings call into question the safety of substituting DiNP for DEHP in soft PVC, particularly because a shorter male AGD has been shown to relate to male genital birth defects in children and impaired reproductive function in adult males and the fact that human levels of DiNP are increasing globally.
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| 10. |
- Bornehag, Carl-Gustaf, et al.
(författare)
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Response to Risotto et al.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Indoor Air. ; 23, s. 87-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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