| 1. |
- Hoang, M. L., et al.
(författare)
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A New Technique for Optimization of Linear Displacement Measurement based on MEMS Accelerometer
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9781728110738 ; , s. 155-158
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Linear displacement has been widely applied in the technology and applications for Industry 4.0. The Micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) accelerometer is a potential candidate in linear displacement measurement by means of acceleration acquisition. However, the error still presents on the displacement measurement at the starting point or each time the sensor ends its motion and returns to a static state due to the noise and imperfection of mechanical structure. The paper presents a new algorithm, 'No Displacement Zero Translational Accumulation' (NDZTA), to solve the cumulative error of linear measurement when the sensor stays at stationary points. The proposed filter removes noise by pulling down the current velocity and acceleration to 0 immediately when the sensor finishes its motion. Moreover, a simple but practical way to calculate the displacement via the 'Area Integration Method' was visualized and analyzed in detail. The experimental result shows a good accuracy as well as stability of measured result with the maximum error only about 0.2 cm in the range of 200 cm. © 2020 IEEE.
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| 2. |
- Avoci Ugwiri, M., et al.
(författare)
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Benefits of enhanced techniques combining negentropy, spectral correlation and kurtogram for bearing fault diagnosis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Measurement. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0263-2241 .- 1873-412X. ; 185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In condition monitoring based on vibrations for rotating machines fault detection, one of the typical symptoms is the presence of repetitive transients, which are characterized by impulsive and cyclostationarity signature. The approach quite popular nowadays in the industry for their detection is time–frequency techniques. Those techniques are mainly analysis tools instead of processing tools, and in any case, they are unable to offer a versatile methodology that applies to all mechanical signals in all circumstances. On the one hand, the paper is motivated by ideas borrowed from thermodynamics, where transients are seen as departures from a state of equilibrium; it is proposed to measure the negentropy of the squared envelope (SE) and the squared envelope spectrum (SES) of the signal. On the other hand, the paper proposes an adequate approach to exploit methods such as spectral correlation and kurtogram. The work's main objective is to investigate connections in those approaches to capture the signature of this repetitive behavior. The methodology used in this paper proposes to display as images all three proposed techniques. The impulsive events are then detected and localized in frequency by high values of the squared envelope spectrum (SES) infogram in some frequency bands. In order to analyze the signal in the frequency domain, the Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) is then used. The STFT is suggested in this study due to its simplicity and high flexibility. For fault, such as bearings, Kurtogram was demonstrated to be efficient. However, kurtosis based on temporal signals is effective under some conditions; its performance is low in the presence of a low signal-to-noise ratio. The paper analyzed the case of Ball Pass Frequency Inner Race (BPFI), where bearings are housed in a casing allowing the shaft to rotate while driven by a variable speed electric motor. A radial load is applied using a hydraulic cylinder, and different sizes of defects are realized. For fault like BPFI, the negentropy gives more information even for a shallow size of fault and allows a prompt fault detection, and it can also be used for fault localization. The paper demonstrated that results obtained from negentropy through infograms combining with spectral correlation could significantly extend the domain of the applicability of the Kurtogram. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd
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| 3. |
- Capriglione, D., et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of MEMS devices under temperature stress test
- 2021
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Ingår i: 2021 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for AeroSpace, MetroAeroSpace 2021 - Proceedings. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9781728175560 ; , s. 63-68
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current technological process has mainly interested in integrating MEMS devices in most technological devices to offer complete control and awareness about a particular process or system. Such devices, which in most cases include gyroscope, accelerometer, and magnetometer, are fully integrated on a single chip and have a cost not higher than few dollars. Recently they have been more employed in embedded systems devoted to the autonomous driving operation for terrestrial and aeronautical vehicles. Such devices are often deployed to the market with datasheet reporting their characteristic without highlighting their behavior under particular environmental conditions. Most MEMS devices are mounted in a very harsh environment, characterized by high-temperature excursion and vibration from different sources. The authors propose a temperature stress test for such devices and evaluate their behavior under static conditions. Experimental results will evidence the accelerometer and gyroscope MEMS sensors' dependence on the temperature in a range of -10°C to 50°C. © 2021 IEEE.
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| 4. |
- Capriglione, D., et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of inertial measurement units under environmental stress screening
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9781728144603
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nowadays, the Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) are widely employed in both consumer and industrial applications. One of the most important fields adopting MEMS device is the inertial measurement sector where this kind of technology is employed to produce Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) that are typically composed by a triaxial accelerometer, a triaxial gyroscope, and a triaxial magnetometer. The growth of the MEMS is due to their small dimension and cost, challenges that enable their use in several applications belonging from Industry 4.0 to automotive and aerospace. However, all these sectors have in common operating conditions characterized by wide temperatures range and vibrations of different nature. In this framework, both the scientific and technical literature seems lacks suitable measurement procedures to be applied for testing the reliability of such kind of devices under environmental stress. So, this paper proposes a test procedure for Environmental Stress Screening (ESS) to determine any mechanical and electrical weakness or early degradation in a MEMS-based inertial measurement unit, when subjected to mechanical vibration and thermal cycling temperature tests. © 2020 IEEE.
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| 5. |
- Capriglione, D., et al.
(författare)
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Design and Implementation of a Diagnostic Scheme for Stroke Sensors in Motorcycle Semi-active Suspension Systems
- 2020
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Ingår i: Lect. Notes Electr. Eng.. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030375577 ; , s. 335-341
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today the reliability of electronic systems strictly depends on the correct operations of the sensor involved in the normal use. This fact is more evident in applications where the security and safety of end-users are involved, reason why a suitable Instrument Fault Detection Scheme (IFD) including also Isolation feature (IFDI) becomes fundamental. The automotive field is one of the main areas where an IFDI scheme is mandatory. As an example, systems designed to on-line adapt and to electronically control the suspensions of motorcycles are today of great interest for motorcycle and after-market manufacturers. By the way meanwhile semi-active suspension systems can drastically improve the comfort and the traction performance of motorcycle, a promptness detection of faults involving this kind of system is fundamental for the safety and performance of the motorcycle. With this aim, the paper proposes an Instrument Fault Detection and Isolation (IFDI) scheme using analytical redundancy for the fault diagnosis of the front and rear stroke suspension sensors. Both suitable mathematical links and soft sensors based on artificial neural networks are proposed for the residuals generation in order to design and validate the proposed IFDI scheme. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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| 6. |
- Capriglione, D., et al.
(författare)
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Development of a test plan and a testbed for performance analysis of MEMS-based IMUs under vibration conditions
- 2020
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Ingår i: Measurement. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0263-2241 .- 1873-412X. ; 158
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) are today widespread in many industrial and consumer applications. In the field of terrestrial transportation, cellular, wearable devices, robotics, drone, to cite a few, MEMS-based Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) are widely employed for assuring several tasks as for the object tracking, self-driving vehicles, human motion and so on. Expected performance of such systems and also recent literature and technical standards miss considering both a context-awareness reliability analysis and metrological performance analyses of MEMS-based IMUs when operating in real scenarios characterized by the presence of significant temperature excursions, humidity, vibrations, mechanical shocks and so on. In particular, standard procedures to be applied for testing MEMS-based IMUs are not still available. Trying to fill these needs, this paper proposes both a suitable testbed and test plans for performance analysis of such kinds of devices under vibration conditions. The application to a real IMUs has confirmed that the proposed tests allow identifying the effects of mechanical stress on both the reliability and metrological performance of such devices. These results could be useful also for the international committees involved in the definition of technical standards to be adopted for testing these kinds of devices. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
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| 7. |
- Capriglione, D., et al.
(författare)
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Experimental Analysis of Filtering Algorithms for IMU-Based Applications under Vibrations
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 0018-9456 .- 1557-9662. ; 70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of microelectro-mechanical systems (MEMS)-based inertial measurement units (IMUs) is widespread in many applications concerning monitoring, diagnostic, and/or controlling in navigation and transportation systems, as well as in low-cost applications for automotive and aeronautical fields. The data provided by the set of sensors typically present in IMUs, as accelerometers, gyroscopes, and magnetometers, are often used also for feeding suitable filtering and positioning algorithms able to correct the attitude and path of the vehicle on which they are installed or to provide the analytical redundancy needed for online diagnosis. Nevertheless, on one hand, the performance of low-cost MEMS-based IMUs is certified only under a small set of nominal operating conditions, and on the other hand, the filtering algorithms are often designed and verified under canonical additive noises. In this framework, this article proposes a test plan and a test setup for analyzing and characterizing the performance of filtering algorithms for positioning based on data coming from low-cost IMUs and able to verify systematically the operation of such algorithms under real scenarios. Two kinds of very popular filtering algorithms have been considered, namely, the complementary filter and the attitude and heading reference systems (AHRS) Kalman filter, which belong to two opposite approaches. The experimental results prove how the typical vibrations present in real scenarios can significantly affect the performance of such algorithms. © 1963-2012 IEEE.
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| 8. |
- Capriglione, D., et al.
(författare)
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Vibration step test for performance analysis of inertial measurement unit
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings. - : International Measurement Confederation (IMEKO). ; , s. 111-116
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nowadays Inertial Measurement Units are largely implemented in several applications, such as automotive and self-driving vehicles, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, cellular phones, robotics, artificial intelligence and many others. Despite this, recent literature doesn't cover properly both the characterization of the dynamical metrological performances and the reliability analysis when microelectronic devices operate under real environmental conditions. Trying to fill this gap, the characterization of an Inertial Measurement Unit under vibration condition is proposed in this work by means of a step-test vibration profile to test the behavior of an inertial platform subjected to a sinusoidal vibration at different frequencies. Starting from the widely known sine sweep vibration profile, a customized test plan has been developed basing on a frequency step up of a sinusoidal stimulus over time to investigate the frequency response of the inertial platforms. The application to a set of real devices has confirmed that the proposed test allows identifying the effects of mechanical stress on the metrological performances of microelectromechanical sensors over a frequency domain. The developed test plan could also be used to investigate whether or not sinusoidal vibrations at certain frequencies trigger some failure mechanisms that are normally quiescent. © Global Trends in Testing, Diagnostics and Inspection for 2030.All rights reserved.
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| 9. |
- Carratù, M., et al.
(författare)
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Test Platform for Data Fusion Application in Indoor Positioning
- 2020
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Ingår i: Lect. Notes Electr. Eng.. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030375577 ; , s. 329-333
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A low-cost platform for development and testing of attitude and positioning algorithms is presented. In addition to an IMU a barometer is added to the data fusion to further improve the quality. An array of MEMS microphones and laser sensor is the key measurement instrument for the control strategy. The platform is accompanied by the implementation of a 10 DoF AHRS algorithm used to improve the movements in indoor environment. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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| 10. |
- Catelani, M., et al.
(författare)
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Design and experimental analysis of temperature tests for inertial measurement units in avionic applications
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9781728166360 ; , s. 217-221
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) are today widespread in several contexts as Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), navigation and transportation, automotive and selfdriving vehicles, cellular phones, human motion, and robotics, to cite a few. In most cases, Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) are adopted for implementing IMUs, and these kinds of devices are often interested in extreme operating conditions when employed in aeronautical applications. Moreover, the measurement data collected by IMUs often feed algorithms involved in positioning systems and trim controlling strategies as well as for fault diagnosis purposes. As a consequence, it becomes essential to analyze the performance of such systems under all working conditions admissible by their nominal operating range.In this framework, the paper reports an experimental activity aimed at studying the effects of temperature variations on a very popular MEMS-based IMU for aircraft applications. In more detail, suitably designed and controlled temperature cycles (falling in the device under test nominal operating range) have been realized, and the achieved results have proved how the temperature excursions can significantly affect the measurements performed by all sensors involved (i.e., gyroscope, accelerometer, and magnetometer). © 2020 IEEE.
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