| 1. |
- Metzger, Jonathan, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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The flexibility gamble : challenges for mainstreaming flexible approaches to climate change adaptation
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1523-908X .- 1522-7200.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adaptive and flexible approaches based on implementing different measures as new information emerges have been proposed as a way of enabling robustness towards uncertain future climate change. However, the success of flexible approaches in practice depends on the stability of the relevant organizational landscapes. In this paper, we draw upon key insights from the institutional theories of organizations and research on public administration and climate adaptation in Sweden. We argue that potential organizational instabilities pose a substantial challenge for the mainstreaming of flexible approaches to climate adaptation. Given the unstable character of the relevant organizational landscape in a very stable country such as Sweden, it seems reasonable to also seriously doubt the capacity of the relevant authorities in less stable countries to carry out a great number of monitoring-intensive, and hence attention-demanding, adaptive governance processes over time. Based on our results we argue that it is perilous to simply assume that flexible approaches to climate adaptation will lead to greater robustness.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Carstens, Christoffer, 1981-
(författare)
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In the Pipe or End of Pipe? : Transport and Dispersion of Water-borne Pollutants and Feasibility of Abatement Measures
- 2012
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Eutrophication is one of the key environmental problems of today, both in terms of complexity and magnitude. For the Baltic Sea (BS), eutrophication is an acute problem, leading to hypoxic conditions at the bottom; a situation that is sustained and amplified, when phosphorus is released from hypoxic sediments. Reducing nutrient loading is a top political priority but the present situation is believed to require active measures within the catchments and recipients to reduce both loading and adverse effects. Implementation of effective and cost-efficient abatement methods requires understanding of natural processes in watersheds, streams and recipients as well as technological expertise in order to compare the effects of measures of different kinds and locations. This thesis tries to combine process understanding of catchment transport behaviour, especially in coastal zones, and feasibility of certain technologies for reducing nutrient loading and effects of eutrophication in-situ. The over-arching theme is the fate of the individual contaminant, from injection to removal. Transport and dispersion in catchments are investigated, combining physically-based, distributed, numerical groundwater models with Lagrangian stochastic advective reactive solute (LaSAR) transport modelling. The approach is powerful in the sense that it incorporates catchment structural, geomorphological dispersion in the numerical model with hydrodynamic and sub-scale dispersion as well as uncertainty in the LaSAR framework. The study exemplifies the complex nature of transport time distributions in catchments in general and when varying source size and location, importance of dispersion parameters and retention due to molecular diffusion. It is shown that geomorphological control on dispersion is present even for relatively heterogeneous systems and that neither the mean residence time nor a statistical distribution may provide accurate representations of hydrological systems. To combat internal loading of P from sediments in-situ, large-scale aeration of deep waters, halocline ventilation, has been suggested. This study further investigates the feasibility of wave-powered devices to meet the energy demands for such an operation. It is shown that the required amount of oxygen needed to keep the sediments at oxic conditions could be provided, cheaply and efficiently, through the use of wave power.
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| 4. |
- Carstens, Christoffer, et al.
(författare)
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Insights from Testing a Modified Dynamic Adaptive Policy Pathways Approach for Spatial Planning at the Municipal Level
- 2019
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 11:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Dynamic Adaptive Policy Pathways (DAPP) approach has successfully been used to manage uncertainties in large infrastructure projects. However, the viability of the DAPP approach for spatial planning in smaller municipal settings is not clear. This paper examines opportunities and constraints of using adaptive pathways approaches to help small municipalities plan for future sea-level rise. The methodology was based on developing a simplified DAPP-approach, which was tested in a multiple experimental case study of spatial planning projects in three municipalities in Sweden. The results show that the approach promoted vulnerability-based thinking among the end-users and generated new ideas on how to manage the uncertain long-term impacts of future sea-level rise. However, the increased understanding of uncertainties was used to justify static, rather than adaptive, solutions. This somewhat surprising outcome can be explained by perceived legal constraints, lack of experience of adaptive pathways, and unwillingness to prescribe actions that could prove difficult to enforce in the future. More research is needed to further understand at what planning phases dynamic policy pathway approaches work best and how current barriers in legislation, practices, mind-set, organization, and resources can be overcome.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Cvetkovic, Vladimir, et al.
(författare)
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Water and solute transport along hydrological pathways
- 2012
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Ingår i: Water resources research. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 0043-1397 .- 1944-7973. ; 48:6, s. W06537-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A Lagrangian framework for material transport along hydrological pathways is presented and consequences of statistically stationary space-time flow velocity variations on advective transport are investigated. The two specific questions addressed in this work are: How do temporal fluctuations affect forward and backward water travel time distributions when combined with spatial variability? and Can mass transfer processes be quantified using conditional probabilities in spatially and temporally variable flow? Space-time trajectories are studied for generic conditions of flow, with fully ergodic or only spatially ergodic velocity. It is shown that forward and backward distributions of advective water travel time coincide for statistically stationary space-time variations. Temporal variability alters the statistical structure of the Lagrangian velocity fluctuations. Once this is accounted for, integration of the memory function with the travel time distribution is applicable for quantifying retention. Further work is needed to better understand the statistical structure of space-time velocity variability in hydrological transport, as well as its impact on tracer retention and attenuation.
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| 7. |
- Tengdelius Brunell, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Lokala avrinningsförhållanden i orter i Gävleborgs län
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- För att underlätta arbetet med att förebygga vattenskador till följd av extrem nederbörd är detfördelaktigt att ha tillgång till ett generellt och enhetligt material för diskussion och åtgärdsarbete.Nationell Höjdmodell har visat sig användbar för att kostnadseffektivt analysera lokal ytavrinningför stora områden. Totalt sett har 11 orter analyserats och i kartor redovisas möjliga flödesvägar förytavrinning samt låga områden där vatten kan ansamlas.För att analysera den extrema korttidsnederbördens intensitet i Gävleborgs län har en analysgenomförts utifrån uppmätt nederbörd vid utvalda mätstationer. Nederbörd med varaktigheterna 15minuter, 1 timme, 6 timmar och 24 timmar och återkomsttiderna är 2, 10, 20, 50 och 100 årpresenteras för dagens klimat samt för beräknat klimatet i slutet av seklet.
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