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- Sijbrandij, M., et al.
(författare)
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Strengthening mental health care systems for Syrian refugees in Europe and the Middle East : integrating scalable psychological interventions in eight countries
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Psychotraumatology. - : Taylor and Francis Ltd.. - 2000-8198 .- 2000-8066. ; 8:sup2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The crisis in Syria has resulted in vast numbers of refugees seeking asylum in Syria’s neighbouring countries as well as in Europe. Refugees are at considerable risk of developing common mental disorders, including depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Most refugees do not have access to mental health services for these problems because of multiple barriers in national and refugee specific health systems, including limited availability of mental health professionals. To counter some of challenges arising from limited mental health system capacity the World Health Organization (WHO) has developed a range of scalable psychological interventions aimed at reducing psychological distress and improving functioning in people living in communities affected by adversity. These interventions, including Problem Management Plus (PM+) and its variants, are intended to be delivered through individual or group face-to-face or smartphone formats by lay, non-professional people who have not received specialized mental health training, We provide an evidence-based rationale for the use of the scalable PM+ oriented programmes being adapted for Syrian refugees and provide information on the newly launched STRENGTHS programme for adapting, testing and scaling up of PM+ in various modalities in both neighbouring and European countries hosting Syrian refugees. © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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- Carswell, Ian, et al.
(författare)
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Main Report on Results of Comparative Site Monitoring
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The objective of WP 2 is to analyse the potential use of reclaimed asphalt (RA) in new asphalt surface layer mixes and particularly the use of modified binders. Therefore the chemical compatibility of new binders with old bitumen in RA and the physical performance of the resulting binder and asphalt mixes have been examined separately to develop mix-design guidelines to ensure a long service life of asphalt mixes with reclaimed asphalt.In new bituminous bound courses, especially in base asphalt layers, the use of up to 40 % of RA is state of the art in most of the European countries. In surface layers, RA is currently used in relatively small amounts (10 to 20 %) if at all, because the demands on the properties of surface courses are very high. Surface courses need good deformation resistance at high temperatures as well as a high resistance against top-down cracks at low temperature and good skid resistance. The aggregates and binder used in surface courses are therefore of premium quality.The objective of WP 2 is to analyse the potential use of reclaimed asphalt (RA) in new asphalt surface layer mixes including the use of penetration grade and polymer modified binders (PmB’s). In lower asphalt layers (e.g. bituminous base courses) the use of high quantities of RA is common in most European countries. In surface course layers this occurs less frequently due to the high demands on the surface course.Incorporation of RA into asphalt layers can reduce the demand for added binder to the new mixture, depending on the residual binder content and recovered binder properties of the RA. Using RA in new asphalt mixtures has the potential to reduce costs and reduce energy requirements through reduced demand for raw materials and reduced transport of raw materials. This report covers the performance RA sites monitored which include both plant mixed RA sites (with and without polymer modified binder); and in situ hot recycling sites. The performance of sites is compared with control sections where no RA has been used.
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