| 1. |
- Daoud, N, et al.
(författare)
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Promoting Positive Masculinities to Address Violence Against Women: A Multicountry Concept Mapping Study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of interpersonal violence. - : SAGE Publications. - 1552-6518 .- 0886-2605. ; 38:9-10, s. 6523-6552
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interventions engaging men that challenge unequal gender norms have been shown to be effective in reducing violence against women (VAW). However, few studies have explored how to promote anti-VAW positive masculinity in young adults. This study aims to identify key multicountry strategies, as conceived by young adults and other stakeholders, for promoting positive masculinities to improve gender equity and prevent and target VAW. This study (2019–2021) involved young adults (aged 18–24 years) and stakeholders from Ireland, Israel, Spain, and Sweden. We applied concept mapping, a participatory mixed-method approach, in phases: (1) brainstorming, using semi-structured interviews with young adults ( n = 105) and stakeholders ( n = 60), plus focus group discussions ( n = 88), to collect ideas for promoting anti-VAW positive masculinity; (2) development of an online questionnaire for sorting ( n = 201) and rating ideas emerging from brainstorming by importance ( n = 406) and applicability ( n = 360); (3) based on sorting and rating data, creating rating maps for importance and applicability and clusters/strategies using multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis with groupwisdom™ software; and (4) interpretation of results with multicountry stakeholders to reach agreement. The cluster map identified seven key strategies (41 actions) for promoting anti-VAW positive masculinities ranked from highest to lowest: Formal and informal education and training; Preventive education and activities in different settings/areas; Skills and knowledge; Empathy, reflection, and understanding; Media and public efforts; Policy, legislation, and the criminal justice system; and Organizational actions and interventions. Pattern matches indicated high agreement between young people and stakeholders in ranking importance ( r = 0.96), but low agreement for applicability ( r = 0.60). Agreement in the total sample on prioritizing statements by importance and applicability was also low ( r = 0.20); only 14 actions were prioritized as both important and applicable. Young people and stakeholders suggested seven comprehensive, multidimensional, multi-setting strategies to facilitate promoting positive masculinity to reduce VAW. Discrepancy between importance and applicability might indicate policy and implementation obstacles.
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| 2. |
- Olive, M, et al.
(författare)
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Myoglobinopathy is an adult-onset autosomal dominant myopathy with characteristic sarcoplasmic inclusions
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 10:1, s. 1396-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Myoglobin, encoded by MB, is a small cytoplasmic globular hemoprotein highly expressed in cardiac myocytes and oxidative skeletal myofibers. Myoglobin binds O2, facilitates its intracellular transport and serves as a controller of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species. Here, we identify a recurrent c.292C>T (p.His98Tyr) substitution in MB in fourteen members of six European families suffering from an autosomal dominant progressive myopathy with highly characteristic sarcoplasmic inclusions in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Myoglobinopathy manifests in adulthood with proximal and axial weakness that progresses to involve distal muscles and causes respiratory and cardiac failure. Biochemical characterization reveals that the mutant myoglobin has altered O2 binding, exhibits a faster heme dissociation rate and has a lower reduction potential compared to wild-type myoglobin. Preliminary studies show that mutant myoglobin may result in elevated superoxide levels at the cellular level. These data define a recognizable muscle disease associated with MB mutation.
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| 5. |
- Maquibar, A., et al.
(författare)
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Mapping training about Gender Based Violence in nurse education programmes in Spain
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 27:suppl_3, s. 269-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Health care professionals, and nurses especially among them, play an essential role in the health sector response to Gender Based Violence. To be able to successfully address this major public health issue they need specific training in the topic. Therefore, the World Health Organization as well as Spanish institutions and policies, strongly recommend the inclusion of this topic in nursing undergraduate programmes. This study aims to assess how this recommendation has been implemented in the nursing undergraduate programmes offered in all Spanish universities.Methods: A systematic review of each subjects’ study guide of the 91 nurse education programmes existing in Spain was conducted searching for the term “violence” to include references under different terminology as “violence against women”, “gender based violence” or “intimate partner violence”.Results: Sixty-nine out of the ninety-one nurse education programmes taught in Spain have contents related to violence. Thirty-eight grades included Gender Based Violence in the content of one subject, 21 in two, eight in three and two in four. Only three programmes had a specific subject named “Nursing in Gender Based Violence”. Otherwise, gender violence was part of subjects mainly related with gender and culture (22%), psychology (20%), public health (20%) and women’s health (13%). When analysing results by Autonomous Region, four out of seventeen were found to have gender based violence included in all the grades offered in their area, while two had not any training in the topic. In the remaining regions inclusion varied between these two poles.Conclusions: Gender Based Violence has been included in a great percentage of the nursing undergraduate education programmes taught in Spain. Assessing the effect this undergraduate training has on nurses’ response to gender based violence as well as differences in the effect depending on the training programme becomes a challenge for the next years.Key messages:Most of the Spanish universities have included training in Gender Based Violence in their nurse education programmes, which might positively affect the Health Sector's response to this health issue.Assessing the effect these different undergraduate training programmes have on nurses’ response to Gender Based Violence becomes a challenge for the next years.
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| 8. |
- Briones-Vozmediano, Erica, et al.
(författare)
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Economic crisis, immigrant women and changing availability of intimate partner violence services : a qualitative study of professionals' perceptions in Spain
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal for Equity in Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1475-9276. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Since 2008, Spain has been in the throes of an economic crisis. This recession particularly affects the living conditions of vulnerable populations, and has also led to a reversal in social policies and a reduction in resources. In this context, the aim of this study was to explore intimate partner violence (IPV) service providers' perceptions of the impact of the current economic crisis on these resources in Spain and on their capacity to respond to immigrant women's needs experiencing IPV. Methods: A qualitative study was performed based on 43 semi-structured in-depth interviews to social workers, psychologists, intercultural mediators, judges, lawyers, police officers and health professionals from different services dealing with IPV (both, public and NGO's) and cities in Spain (Barcelona, Madrid, Valencia and Alicante) in 2011. Transcripts were imported into qualitative analysis software (Atlas.ti), and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results: We identified four categories related to the perceived impact of the current economic crisis: a) "Immigrant women have it harder now", b) "IPV and immigration resources are the first in line for cuts", c) " Fewer staff means a less effective service" and d) "Equality and IPV policies are no longer a government priority". A cross-cutting theme emerged from these categories: immigrant women are triply affected; by IPV, by the crisis, and by structural violence. Conclusion: The professionals interviewed felt that present resources in Spain are insufficient to meet the needs of immigrant women, and that the situation might worsen in the future.
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| 9. |
- Cos, X., et al.
(författare)
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Impact on guidelines : the general practitioner point of view
- 2020
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Ingår i: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. - : Elsevier. - 0168-8227 .- 1872-8227. ; 166
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Primary care physicians are uniquely placed to offer holistic, patient-centred care to patients with T2DM. While the recent FDA-mandated cardiovascular outcome trials offer a wealth of data to inform treatment discussions, they have also contributed to increasing complexity in treatment decisions, and in the guidelines that seek to assist in making these decisions. To assist physicians in avoiding treatment inertia, Primary Care Diabetes Europe has formulated a position statement that summarises our current understanding of the available T2DM treatment options in various patient populations. New data from recent outcomes trials is contextualised and summarised for the primary care physician. This consensus paper also proposes a unique and simple tool to stratify patients into 'very high' and 'high' cardiovascular risk categories and outlines treatment recommendations for patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure and chronic kidney disease. Special consideration is given to elderly/frail patients and those with obesity. A visual patient assessment tool is provided, and a comprehensive set of prescribing tips is presented for all available classes of glucose-lowering therapies. This position statement will complement the already available, often specialist-focused, T2DM treatment guidelines and provide greater direction in how the wealth of outcome trial data can be applied to everyday practice.
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| 10. |
- La Parra-Casado, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Socioeconomic Inequalities in the Use of Healthcare Services : Comparison between the Roma and General Populations in Spain
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 15:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores whether the principles of horizontal and vertical equity in healthcare are met by the Spanish national health system in the case of the Roma and general populations. The 2011/2012 Spanish National Health Survey (n = 21,650) and the 2014 National Health Survey of the Spanish Roma Population (n = 1167) were analyzed. Use of healthcare services was measured in terms of visits to a general practitioner (GP), visits to an emergency department, and hospitalizations. Healthcare need was measured using (a) self-rated health and (b) the reported number of chronic diseases. The Roma reported worse self-rated health and a higher prevalence of chronic diseases. A redistributive effect (increased healthcare service use among Roma and those in lower socio-economic classes) was found for hospitalizations and emergency visits. This effect was also observed in GP visits for women, but not for men. Vertical inequity was observed in the general population but not in the Roma population for GP visits. The results suggest the existence of horizontal inequity in the use of GP services (Roma women), emergency department visits (Roma and general population), and hospitalizations (Roma population) and of vertical inequity in the use of GP services among the general population.
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