| 1. |
- Ander, Malin, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
-
A preliminary open trial of individualised cognitive behavioural therapy for young survivors of cancer during adolescence: initial findings and conceptualisation of distress
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objective: A subgroup of adolescent and young adult (AYA) survivors of cancer in adolescence report high levels of psychological distress. Empirically-supported treatments tailored to the concerns experienced by this population are lacking. The aims of this study were to (1) conduct a preliminary evaluation of an individualised cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) intervention for adolescent and young adult (AYA) survivors of cancer during adolescence and (2) identify and conceptualise cancer-related psychological concerns using cognitive-behavioural theory.Methods: A single-arm trial in which ten AYA (17-25 years) survivors of cancer during adolescence were offered up to 15 sessions of individualised CBT guided by behavioural case formulations was undertaken. Clinical outcomes were assessed at baseline, post-treatment, and three months follow-up. Before commencing treatment, two individual qualitative interviews were conducted with each participant. Analysis of cancer-related concerns was guided by qualitative framework analysis and theoretical thematic analysis, and cognitive-behavioural theory was used to inform identification of themes.Results: Ten of 201 potential participants invited to participate were included resulting in an overall participation rate of 5%. Nine participants completed treatment and eight completed the follow-up assessment. The majority of concerns reported were cancer-related and conceptualised as social avoidance, fear and avoidance of emotions and bodily symptoms, low mood and unbalance in activity, and worry and rumination.Conclusions: Given significant difficulties with recruitment, further research is needed to examine barriers and the impact of mental health literacy and stigma on help seeking in the AYA cancer survivor population. Internet-administered CBT self-help tailored towards the main presenting concerns of AYA cancer survivors may be a promising solution.
|
|
| 2. |
- Ander, Malin, et al.
(författare)
-
Development of health-related quality of life and symptoms of anxiety and depression among persons diagnosed with cancer during adolescence : a 10-year follow-up study
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Psycho-Oncology. - : Wiley. - 1057-9249 .- 1099-1611. ; 25:5, s. 582-589
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The main aim was to investigate the development of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and symptoms of anxiety and depression in a cohort diagnosed with cancer during adolescence from shortly after up to 10 years after diagnosis.Methods: Participants (n = 61) completed the SF-36 and the HADS shortly; six, 12, and 18 months; and two, three, four, and 10 years (n = 28) after diagnosis. Polynomial change trajectories were used to model development.Results: Polynomial change trajectories showed an initial increase which abated over time into a decrease which abated over time for the SF-36 subscales Mental Health and Vitality; an initial decline which abated over time into an increase for HADS anxiety; and an initial decline which abated over time into an increase which abated over time for HADS depression. The SF-36 mental component summary showed no change from two to 10 years after diagnosis whereas the SF-36 physical component summary showed an increase from two years after diagnosis which declined over time. Ten years after diagnosis 29% reported possible anxiety.Conclusions: Development of HRQOL and symptoms of anxiety and depression appears to be nonlinear among persons diagnosed with cancer during adolescence. Well into permanent survivorship an increase in symptoms of anxiety is shown and approximately a third of the participants report possible anxiety. The findings indicate the need for: studies designed to pinpoint the times of highest psychological risk, clinical follow-up focusing on psychological problems, and development of effective psychological interventions for survivors of adolescent cancer
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Arnberg, Filip, Docent i klinisk psykologi, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Development and Pilot-testing of the Swedish Version of the PTSD Coach
- 2016
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Sweden, four out of five people have smartphones, indicating the potential to increase the reach of low- intensity support after trauma via smartphone-apps to aid recovery. While there are many apps in the mental health field available to the general public, their effects are rarely evaluated. The PTSD Coach smartphone-app was developed by the VA ́s National Center for PTSD—Dissemination and Training Division. A Swedish version was developed by using existing code while making adjustment to the content for a Swedish context with a view for use by both civilians and veterans. A pilot study is underway and the findings will be used to inform a larger efficacy study. To date, 31 participants have been recruited to the pilot study, in which they use the Swedish version of the PTSD Coach for four weeks. Pre- and post- assessments include a structured clinical interview (MINI), PCL-5, PHQ-9 and the Swedish version of the PTSD Coach Survey. The participants’ experiences with using the app are explored in focus groups. During this presentation, the adaptation for the Swedish PTSD Coach will be outlined and experiences from the development and pilot study of the Swedish version will be described.
|
|
| 5. |
- Bengtsson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
-
A blinded validation of the Swedish version of the Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms (CAINS)
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 76:1, s. 44-51
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms (CAINS) was developed in order to advance the assessment of negative symptoms. The aim of this study was to validate the Swedish version of the CAINS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-four out-patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder were recruited. All patients were videotaped while interviewed with the CAINS and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). Another rater watched the video recordings in the reverse order, enabling a blinded design. The patients also filled in self-reported measures of depression, quality of life, and social and vocational functioning. We calculated inter-rater agreement and internal consistency for the CAINS. We also calculated validity measures by correlating the subscales Motivation and Pleasure (CAINS-MAP) and Expression (CAINS-EXP) to subscales of the BPRS. RESULTS: The blinded inter-rater agreement for the CAINS total score was high (ICC = 0.92) but slightly lower for the expression subscale (ICC = 0.76). Cronbach's alpha was 0.84 for the total score. Convergent validity with the negative symptoms subscale of BPRS was different for the blinded and the unblinded data, with a CAINS-MAP correlation of 0.10 (p = 0.580) and a CAINS-EXP correlation of 0.48 (p = 0.004) in the blinded data. The unblinded data had a CAINS-MAP correlation of 0.38 (p = 0.026) and a CAINS-EXP correlation of 0.87 (p < 0.001). Self-rated measures of anhedonia correlated to CAINS-MAP with a coefficient of 0.68 (p < 0.001), while the CAINS-EXP only had a correlation of 0.16 (p = 0.366) to these measures. CONCLUSION: The Swedish version of the CAINS displays adequate psychometric properties in line with earlier validation studies.
|
|
| 6. |
- Bengtsson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
-
Psychometric properties of the Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms (CAINS) in patients with depression and its relationship to affective symptoms
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Annals of General Psychiatry. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1744-859X. ; 22:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThere is a conceptual overlap between negative and depressive symptoms, requiring further exploration to advance the understanding of negative symptoms. The aim of this study was to examine psychometric properties of the Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms (CAINS) in patients with depression, and to explore the relationship between the negative and affective symptoms domains.MethodsFifty-one patients with a depressive episode were included and interviewed with the CAINS and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale—Expanded (BPRS-E). Self-reported depressive symptoms were collected with the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-S). Inter-rater agreement, internal consistency and validity measures were examined, as were correlations between negative and affective symptoms.ResultsThe intraclass correlation for the CAINS motivation and pleasure subscale (CAINS-MAP) was 0.98 (95% CI 0.96–0.99) and that for the expressional subscale (CAINS-EXP) was 0.81 (95% CI 0.67–0.89). Cronbach’s alpha was 0.71 (95% CI 0.57–0.82) for the CAINS-MAP and 0.86 (95% CI 0.79–0.92) for the CAINS-EXP. The correlation with the negative symptoms subscale of the BPRS-E was 0.35 (p = 0.011, blinded/different raters) or 0.55 (p < 0.001, not blinded/same rater). The CAINS-MAP correlated with the affective symptoms subscale of the BPRS-E (r = 0.39, p = 0.005) and the MADRS-S total score (r = 0.50, p < 0.001), but not with anxiety symptoms.ConclusionsNegative symptoms in depression can be assessed with the CAINS with good inter-rater agreement and acceptable internal consistency and validity. There are associations between negative and depressive symptoms that call for further exploration.
|
|
| 7. |
- Cernvall, Martin, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
A pilot study of user satisfaction and perceived helpfulness of the Swedish version of the mobile app PTSD Coach
- 2018
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Psychotraumatology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-8198 .- 2000-8066. ; 9:Suppl 1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There is a need for accessible interventions in the aftermath of traumatic events with documented efficacy for preventing or reducing negative mental health consequences. The PTSD Coach is a mobile app that has shown to be effective in reducing symptoms of posttraumatic stress (PTSS). Objective: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the user satisfaction, perceived helpfulness and potential reductions of PTSS and symptoms of depression among participants using the Swedish version of the PTSD Coach. Method: This was an uncontrolled pre-test post-test open trial including participants recruited from the community via advertisement and from an ongoing observational study who had experienced a potentially traumatic event in the last five years. Participants had access to the Swedish PTSD Coach app for four weeks. Results: Eleven participants (mean age = 38.6, female = 8) completed the study. Nine of the participants met criteria for full or partial PTSD. Results from the PTSD Coach Survey indicated that participants found the app slightly to moderately helpful and were slightly to moderately satisfied with the app. Nominal but not statistically significant reductions of medium effect sizes in PTSS (PCL-5) and depression (PHQ-9) from pre- to post-assessment were found. In interviews, participants indicated that they found elements such as learning about PTSD, breathing exercises and monitoring symptoms helpful in managing symptoms. However, several participants indicated that they had not used the app as much as they had intended to. Participants also had suggestions for improvements such as enhanced app structure and better guidance regarding how to use the app. Conclusions: The perceived helpfulness and user satisfaction were slightly lower compared to research on the original version of the app. Experiences from the study are discussed and a future controlled study of the Swedish version of the PTSD Coach is suggested.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Cernvall, Martin, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Avoidance and hyperarousal mediates the relationship between reexperiencing and dysphoria in parents of children with cancer : a longitudinal analysis
- 2012
-
Ingår i: 12th International Congress of Behavioral Medicine.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is little theoretical and empirical work regarding the mechanisms underlying the development of traumatic stress among parents of children with cancer. Such work would add to the understanding of this phenomenon and could inform intervention strategies for this group. Cognitive processing theory stipulates that avoidance mediates the relationship between intrusive thoughts about trauma and psychological distress (Creamer, et al., 1992). Evidence also suggests that hyperarousal predicts emotional numbing in response to trauma (Litz, et al., 1997; Weems, et al., 2003). The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of avoidance and hyperarousal in the relationship between reexperiencing and dysphoria among parents of children on cancer treatment.We used data from a longitudinal study with three assessment points: T1 = 2 weeks after the child´s diagnosis (n = 249), T2 = two months after the child´s diagnosis (n = 234), and T3 = four months after diagnosis (n = 203). The PTSD-Checklist Civilian was used as a measure of symptoms of traumatic stress interpreted with Simms et al. (2002) four-factor theory of traumatic stress. Two models were evaluated with mediation analysis using bias corrected bootstrap estimation of indirect effects and 95% confidence intervals (CI; Preacher and Hayes, 2008). The first model included two indicators of avoidance at T2 as mediators of the relationship between reexperiencing at T1 and dysphoria at T3, while controlling for initial levels of included variables and gender. In the second model hyperarousal at T2 was added as a mediator.In the first model there was a significant total indirect effect from reexperiencing to dysphoria via avoidance (0.048, CI = 0.012-0.116). However, only avoidance of activities or situations reminding of the child´s disease had a significant specific indirect effect (0.044, CI = 0.009-0.097). In the second model there was a significant total indirect effect from reexperiencing to dysphoria via avoidance and hyperarousal (0.140, CI = 0.076-0.233). However, only hyperarousal contributed with a significant specific indirect effect (0.110, CI = 0.061-0.212).The current analyses suggest that avoidance and hyperarousal both are important targets for intervention in this population.
|
|
