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- Cetin, Gurel, et al.
(författare)
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The professional relationship between tour guides and tour operators
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-2250 .- 1502-2269. ; 17:4, s. 345-357
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tour operators and tour guides are major stakeholders during production and operation of organized package tours. However, the relationship between them received little attention in tourism literature. This study intends to identify the dimensions of the relationship between the two parties and importance attained to different guiding roles both by tour operators and guides. It also explores the attitude gaps between tour operators and guides on various guiding attributes. The analyzed data were collected from 110 professional tour guides and 56 inbound tour operators. Numerous differences in perceptions were identified regarding importance attained to foreign language skills, group cohesion, holiday experience creation, entertainment, representation skills, contract compliance, image creation, itinerary compliance and identification with tour operators.
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- Cetin, Gurel, et al.
(författare)
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Willingness to pay for tourist tax in destinations : Empirical evidence from Istanbul
- 2017
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Ingår i: Economies. - Basel, Switzerland : MDPI AG. - 2227-7099. ; 5:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Revenue generated from tourism taxes constitutes an important financial resource for local governments and tourism authorities to both ensure tourism sustainability and enhance the quality of tourist experiences. In order for tourism policy makers to create an efficient and fair tax system in tourism destinations, it is crucial to understand travelers’ perceptions concerning willingness to pay (WTP), tax rates, and their optimal allocation. The objectives of this paper, therefore, are to evaluate tourism taxes as a compensation tool to cover the costs of tourism and to measure tourists’ WTP. The paper also suggests a fair allocation of tax revenues based on tourists’ perceptions. A qualitative approach was used and data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews with international travelers to Istanbul, Turkey. The findings suggest that tourists are more likely to pay an additional amount of tax when this is earmarked for improvements in their experiences, but they are reluctant to take on liability concerning matters relating to destination sustainability. Based on the travelers’ perceptions, the paper also identified areas that need investment to improve tourist experiences. An interesting highlight of this paper is that the majority of surveyed respondents reported that their travel decisions would not be negatively affected even if the total cost of their vacation increased by one third. The findings are expected to offer fresh and much-needed insights into tourist taxation for tourism policy makers and stakeholders.
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- de Esteban, Javier, et al.
(författare)
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Theory of knowledge of tourism : A sociological and epistemological reflection
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Tourismology. ; 1:1, s. 2-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study analyses theoretical problems in the study of tourism and reviews some major thoughts and literature as well as tourism as an emerging discipline. Tourism as a scientific discipline still does not haveits own and established academic body that distinguishes it from other sciences. Therefore, tourism as a recent field of research is struggling without being understood in the correct way because its theory of knowledge is not delimited and tries to be reflected from the point of view of its formal components. In this sense, the principal aim of this article is to try to delimit the perspectives and definitions of the main authors that have contributed tothe "tourism theory" in general until now, by focusing on several dimensions such us: positivism, materialism, neo-durkheimism, functionalism and post-modernism.
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- Gurel, Cetin, et al.
(författare)
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Coping with reintermediation : The case of SMHEs
- 2016
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Ingår i: Information Technology & Tourism. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1098-3058 .- 1943-4294. ; 16:4, s. 375-392
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The structure of hospitality distribution has experienced profound changeswithin the last few decades. With the evolution and spread of internet, a substantialnumber of consumers started to use electronic channels for hotel bookings.This has resulted in disintermediation of traditional offline travel agencies. Yet, ithas also initiated a new type of middleman to emerge and grow. Much powerfulthan its former version, online travel agencies (OTAs) bring about some benefits butalso challenges particularly for small and medium sized independent hotels(SMHEs). This paper focuses on the difficulties SMHEs face during this transformation.The characteristics of SMHEs, the evolution of channels and the role ofOTAs were discussed based on a qualitative study. 22 SMHE managers wereinterviewed about their perceptions of OTAs and challenges with reintermediation.Based on the data the challenges were grouped under; complexity, dependency,unfair competition and commodification. Solutions to complications of reintermediationfor SMHEs and directions for future research are suggested
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- Kulözü, Neslihan, et al.
(författare)
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Katılımlı Yaklaşımla Ortaya Çıkarılan Örtük Bilginin Kodlanmış Bilgiden Farkının Ortaya Konulması : [Determining difference of implicit knowledge obtained through participatory approach with coded knowledge]
- 2020
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Ingår i: İdealkent. - : Kent Araştırmaları Dergisi (Journal of Urban Studies). - 1307-9905 .- 2602-2133. ; 11:29, s. 290-315
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bu çalışma Prof. Dr. İlhan Tekeli’nin kodlanmış ve örtük bilgiyi ele alışı ile bu bilgi türleri arasındaki farklara ilişkin yaklaşımı temel alınarak geliştirilmiştir. Buradan hareketle çalışma günümüz dünyasında demokratik bir insan hakkı olarak tanımlanan katılımın yöntemsel bir yaklaşım olarak benimsendiği bilgi üretim sürecinde elde edilen örtük bilginin, kodlanmış bilgiden farklı olacağı varsayımı üzerine kurulmuştur. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı yerelin örtülü bilgisi ile ikincil kaynaklara dayalı bilgi üretme süreçleri ile elde edilen bilimsel bilginin karşılaştırılması yoluyla, katılımlı yöntemsel yaklaşımla elde edilen bilginin nasıl fark yarattığının ortaya konulmasıdır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışma kapsamında Erzurum’da Kış Turizminin İklim Değişikliğine Uyumlanma Stratejilerinin Katılımlı Yöntemsel Yaklaşımla Belirlenmesi başlıklı projenin farklı aşamalarında GZFT (Güçlü ve Zayıf Yönler ile Fırsatlar ve Tehditler) analizi tekniğiyle üretilen bilgi karşılaştırılacaktır. Bu bağlamda karşılaştırılacak GZFT analizlerinden ilki projenin ilk aşamasında (Kasım 2018 – Ocak 2019), Erzurum’da kış turizminin mevcut durumunun analiz edilmesi amacıyla ikincil kaynaklara dayalı olarak, ikincisi ise aynı amaçla ilgili aktörlerin katılımı ile gerçekleştirilen çalıştayda (Haziran 2019) elde edilen bilgi ile üretilmiştir. Birbirinden bağımsız olarak aynı amaçla ancak farklı yaklaşımlarla üretilen GZFT analizlerinin karşılaştırılması ile bu çalışmanın sonucunda katılımlı yöntemsel yaklaşımla ortaya çıkarılan yerelin bilgisinin kodlanmış bilgiden farkının ortaya konulması yoluyla katılımın önemine vurgu yapılacaktır.
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