| 1. |
- Đukić, Nina, et al.
(författare)
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PARP14 is a PARP with both ADP-ribosyl transferase and hydrolase activities
- 2023
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Ingår i: Science Advances. - 2375-2548. ; 9:37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PARP14 is a mono-ADP-ribosyl transferase involved in the control of immunity, transcription, and DNA replication stress management. However, little is known about the ADP-ribosylation activity of PARP14, including its substrate specificity or how PARP14-dependent ADP-ribosylation is reversed. We show that PARP14 is a dual-function enzyme with both ADP-ribosyl transferase and hydrolase activity acting on both protein and nucleic acid substrates. In particular, we show that the PARP14 macrodomain 1 is an active ADP-ribosyl hydrolase. We also demonstrate hydrolytic activity for the first macrodomain of PARP9. We reveal that expression of a PARP14 mutant with the inactivated macrodomain 1 results in a marked increase in mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation of proteins in human cells, including PARP14 itself and antiviral PARP13, and displays specific cellular phenotypes. Moreover, we demonstrate that the closely related hydrolytically active macrodomain of SARS2 Nsp3, Mac1, efficiently reverses PARP14 ADP-ribosylation in vitro and in cells, supporting the evolution of viral macrodomains to counteract PARP14-mediated antiviral response.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Boström, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical challenges and ongoing role changes for primary health-care nurses
- 2012
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Ingår i: British Journal of Community Nursing. - : Mark Allen Group. - 1462-4753 .- 2052-2215. ; 17:2, s. 68-74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate the perceptions of primary health-care nurses (PHNs) about clinical demands and future challenges.METHOD: Qualitative content-analysis of open questions from a questionnaire. A total of 121 PHNs from health-care districts in northern Sweden filled in a questionnaire during a mandatory educational day.RESULTS: Key issues that were raised included: defending the specific professional role of the PHNs; strengthening their self-governance and authority; and ensuring adequate care in the future through education that focuses more on nursing practice than on academic work.CONCLUSION: To ensure that the role of the PHN continues to develop, it is necessary to enable them to articulate, discuss, and evaluate their profession and to learn, in concrete forms, how to implement science in clinical practice.
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| 4. |
- Deppert, Knut, et al.
(författare)
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Aerosol fabrication of nanocrystals of InP
- 1999
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Ingår i: Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Part 1: Regular Papers and Short Notes and Review Papers. - 0021-4922. ; 38:2 B, s. 1056-1059
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nanocrystals of indium phosphide, with diameters of around 10nm, have been produced via an aerosol route. The method is based on the formation of monodisperse indium droplets and the subsequent reaction with phosphine at elevated temperature. The size of the final InP nanocrystal is self-limited by the size of the introduced size-selected In droplet. This size can be tuned carefully, thus this method allows a narrow size distribution of the nanocrystals. The kinetics of the reaction of In to produce InP depends on the temperature and the phosphine flow. Extensive high resolution transmission electron microscopy studies lead to a consistent picture of the process. Our approach opens the possibility for efficient production of size-selected semiconductor nanocrystals and it will allow new types of self-assembly and control of quantum dots.
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| 5. |
- Deppert, Knut, et al.
(författare)
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Size-selected nanocrystals of III-V semiconductor materials by the aerotaxy method
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Aerosol Science. - 0021-8502. ; 29:5-6, s. 737-748
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we present a fabrication route to produce size-selected III-V semiconductor nanocrystals via a simple, reliable, and efficient aerosol route. Since this approach includes the reaction of aerosol particles and a self-organized growth of a new compound, all in the aerosol phase, we call this process aerotaxy. Size-selected nanocrystals of different III-V compounds in a diameter range below 20 nm were fabricated using this method. Through the reaction of arsine with gallium droplets or of phosphine with indium droplets, GaAs and InP clusters were formed. Our approach opens the possibility to produce contamination-free and size-selected nanocrystals of compound semiconductor materials with considerable freedom in composition and size.
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| 6. |
- Forsberg, Bertil, et al.
(författare)
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Eldningsvanor inom några studieområden i Västerbotten
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I syfte att få bättre underlag om vedeldningens omfattning och emissioner har en eldningsvaneundersökning genomförts i fyra områden inom Västerbotten. Undersökningen baseras på en besöksintervju genomförd av två personer vilka följt ett formulär med frågor och standardiserat sina klassificeringar av de intervjuades svar av mer öppen karaktär. Intervjuerna har genomförts i fyra områden med bebyggelse av olika ålder: Vännäs (kommuncentra), Vännäsby, Sävar och Tavleliden/Tomtebo (villaförort i Umeå). På dessa platser har partikelmätningar i en punkt genomförts inom ramen för ett annat projekt, och kortvariga sotmätningar genomförts på fler platser. Hushåll till intervjuerna utvaldes utifrån att de enligt sotarregistret har någon form av ved- , flis- eller pelletseldning. Totalt intervjuades 176 hushåll, endast ett två ytterligare var tillfrågade och avböjde. Studien visar anläggningarnas användningsgrad, bl.a. bränsleförbrukning per år, vilket kan användas för att beräkna utsläppsmängder. För pannor fanns dock inget samband mellan hög sotnings-frekvens enligt sotarregistren och hög vedförbrukning per år enligt intervjuerna. De som har fjärrvärme som huvudsakligt uppvärmningssätt använder sin kamin/lokaleldstad mindre än den som i huvudsak värmer bostaden med el. Utsläpps- och haltberäkningar kan ta hänsyn till denna kunskap.
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| 7. |
- Friberg, Fredrik Femtehjell, et al.
(författare)
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When disaster strikes: staff recall and the use of staff recall systems during mass patient influx at Norwegian emergency primary health care centers - a cross-sectional study
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC Emergency Medicine. - : BMC. - 1471-227X .- 1471-227X. ; 23:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundIn Norway, planning for disasters has been specifically emphasized since the incidents on July 22(nd,) 2011. Every municipality is now legislated to have a contingency plan that includes plans for staff recall during situations with mass influx of patients. Whether the primary health care services in Norway are prepared for mass influx of patients remains unclear.Aims of the studyThe aims of this study were (1) to assess the experiences of head doctors at emergency primary health care centers (EPHCC) in Norway with mass influx of patients, (2) to explore mass influx and staff recall procedures in use, (3) to assess head doctors experiences with staff recall systems, and (4) to assess their perspective on automatized staff recall systems. We also wanted to assess whether there were differences between small and large EPHCCs regarding whether they had plans in place.MethodsThe study had a cross-sectional, multicenter design, using a self-developed questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed utilizing recommendations from the Delphi technique, including an expert group and piloting. A purposive sampling strategy was used, including head doctors from Norwegian EPHCCs (n = 169). Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, and included descriptive statistics, Chi-Square tests and Shapiro-Wilks. Free-text answers were analyzed by content analysis.ResultsA total of 64 head doctors responded to the questionnaire. The results show that 25% of the head doctors had experienced mass influx of patients at their EPHCC. In total 54.7% of Norwegian EPHCCs did not have disaster plans that consider mass influx situations. The majority of EPHCCs plan to recall staff one by one (60.3%) or through Short-Message-Systems (34.4%). Most EPHCCs had available telephone "alarm" lists (81.4%), that are updated regularly (60.9%). However, only 17.2% had plans that consider loss of mobile phone connection or internet. In total, 67,2% of the head doctors reported to have little experience with automatized staff recall systems, and 59,7% reported to have little knowledge about such systems. There were no significant difference between small and large EPHCCs in having plans or not.ConclusionEven though our results show that few EPHCCs experience mass influx of patients, it is important to be prepared when such incidents do occur. Our results indicate that it is still potential for improvement regarding plans for staff recall and implementation of staff recall systems at Norwegian EPHCCs. Involving national disaster medicine experts in the process of generating tools or checklists could aid when constructing disaster plans. Education and implementation of training for mass influx situations at all levels should always be highlighted.
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| 8. |
- Hansson, Emma, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Drain secretion and seroma formation after immediate breast reconstruction with a biological and a synthetic mesh, respectively: A randomized controlled study
- 2020
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Ingår i: The Breast Journal. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1075-122X .- 1524-4741. ; 26:9, s. 1756-1759
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to compare seroma production in breast reconstruction with a biological mesh with that of a synthetic mesh, in the same patient. The patients were randomized to biological mesh in one breast and synthetical in the other. Twenty‐four breasts were included. The total drain production and the daily drain production were similar in the two groups. After drain removal, there were more seroma aspirations in the biological group. During the exchange to a permanent implant, there was significantly more seroma in the biological group. Seroma formation is different in synthetic and biological meshes.
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| 9. |
- Hansson, Emma, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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First‐year complications after immediate breast reconstruction with a biological and a synthetic mesh in the same patient: A randomized controlled study
- 2021
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Ingår i: World Journal of Surgical Oncology. - : Wiley. - 1477-7819 .- 0022-4790 .- 1096-9098. ; 123:1, s. 80-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Even though meshes and matrices are widely used in breast reconstruction, there is little high‐quality scientific evidence for their risks and benefits. The aim of this study was to compare first‐year surgical complication rates in implant‐based immediate breast reconstruction with a biological mesh with that of a synthetic mesh, in the same patient. Methods This study is a clinical, randomized, prospective trial. Patients operated on with bilateral mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction were randomized to biological mesh on one side and synthetic mesh on the other side. Results A total of 48 breasts were randomized. As the synthetically and the biologically reconstructed breasts that were compared belonged to the same woman, systemic factors were exactly the same in the two groups. The most common complication was seroma formation with a frequency of 38% in the biological group and 3.8% in the synthetical group (p=.011). A higher frequency of total implant loss could be seen in the biologic mesh group (8.5% vs. 2%), albeit not statistically significant (p=.083). Conclusions In the same patient, a synthetic mesh seems to yield a lower risk for serious complications, such as implant loss, than a biological mesh.
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| 10. |
- Leonardsen, Ann-Chatrin Linqvist, et al.
(författare)
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Nursing students’ attitudes towards the use of digital technology in the healthcare of older adults- a cross-sectional study in Norway and Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC Nursing. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1472-6955 .- 1472-6955. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Implementation of digital technology has been suggested as a potential solution to future healthcare challenges. Healthcare personnel’s attitudes are important in the acceptance and implementation of digital technologies. Aim: The aims of this study were to (1) translate and validate two different questionnaires to Norwegian and Swedish respectively, and then (2) use these to examine nursing students’ attitudes towards digital technology in healthcare, as well as their attitudes towards older adults’ abilities to use digital technology. Design: Cross-sectional. Methods: A web-based questionnaire was distributed in first year nursing students in a Norwegian and a Swedish university college, respectively. The questionnaire consisted of the short form of the ‘Information Technology Attitude Scales for Health (ITASH)’ and the ‘Attitudes Towards Older Adults Using Digital technology (ATOAUT-11)’ questionnaire. The questionnaires were translated and validated in both countries. Frequencies, Student’s t-test, and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the data. Results: In total 236 students responded to the questionnaire in the period September 2022 to April 2023. Students mainly reported positive attitudes towards digital technology use in general. They most agreed with the items ‘Using digital technology devices makes my communication with other health professionals faster’, ‘The sort of information I can get from the digital technology devices helps me give better care to patient’, and ‘Digital technology skills are becoming more and more necessary for healthcare professionals’. However, they reported more negative attitudes towards older adults using digital technology. They most agreed with the items ‘One needs a lot of patience to explain to an older adult how to use digital technologies’, ‘It’s hard to explain to older adults how to use digital technology’, ‘Using digital technology is harder for most older adults’, and ‘Most older adults fear using digital technology because they fear of being scammed or cheated’. Conclusion: The ITASH and the ATOAUT-11 is appropriate for use in a Norwegian and Swedish setting. Even if nursing students are positive to digital technology in healthcare in general, they are sceptical to older adults using digital technology. This may impact on their attitudes to using digital technology in the healthcare of older adults. These aspects need emphasis when revising nursing education curricula focusing on developing technological competencies in nursing, and gaining knowledge regarding older adults’ use of digital technology.
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